Quantum Teleportation

Guided by:
Dr. Abhimanyu Mohapatra Dr. Ranjan Kumar Jena
Biswajit Pratihari Electrical Engg.,7th Semester 0901106264

Outline of the Talk

Introduction

Need

for Teleportation The Beginning.. Failures and further Advancements How feasible is Teleportation .?? Remarkable Achievements Application in Real World Advantages of QT References

What Teleportation is..??

Quantum teleportation, or entanglement-assisted teleportation, is a process by which a qubit (the basic unit of quantum information) can be transmitted exactly from one location to another, without the qubit being transmitted through the intervening space. It includes making an object disintegrate in one place while

Need for Teleportation

Various forms of transportation require us to cross a physical distance, which can take anywhere from minutes to many hours.
Telecommunication + Transportation =

Teleportation

How does all these start.??

In 1993, the idea of teleportation moved out of the realm of science fiction and into the world of theoretical possibility. The idea was first expounded by Charles Bennett and his coworkers from IBM. They confirmed that quantum teleportation was possible, but only if the original object being teleported was destroyed. The procedure for teleportation in science fiction varies from story to story but generally goes as follows: A device scans the original object to extract all the information needed to describe it.

It violated the Heisenbergs Uncertainty Principle, according to which one cant perform a perfect scan of the object to be teleported. Because the more accurately an object is scanned, the more it is disturbed by the scanning process, until one reaches a point where the objects original state has been completely disturbed, still without having extracted enough information to make a perfect exact replica. The location or velocity of every atom and electron would be subjected to errors. The law makes it impossible to measure the exact quantum state of any object with certainty. Therefore, it would seem that a perfect copy

But if you cant know the position of particle, then how can you teleport it? Or If one cant extract enough information from an object to make a perfect replica, it would seen that a perfect copy cant be made.

In 1998, physicists at the California Institute of Technology (CalTech), along with two European groups, turned the IBM ideas into reality by successfully teleporting a photon, a particle of energy that carries light, using a phenomenon known as ENTANGLEMENT or EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN (EPR)

Entanglement Or EPR Effect

The existence of an entangled state was suggested in an experiment by the 3 scientists in 1935.

It states that when two particles come into contact with one another, they can become entangled". In an entangled state, both particles remain part of the same quantum system so that whatever you do to one of them affects the other one in a predictable way. Thus, it shows how, in principle, entangled particles might serve as "transporters" of sort.

ENTANGLED PHOTON PAIRS are created when a laser beam passes through a crystal such as beta barium borate. It converts a single photon into two photons of lower energy, one polarized vertically (on red cone), one polarized horizontally (on blue cone). If the photons happen to travel along the cone intersections (green), neither photon has a definite polarization, but their relative polarizations are complementary i.e. they are then

The process behind Entanglement

In entanglement, at least 3 photons are needed to achieve quantum teleportation Photon A: The photon to be teleported Photon B: The transporting photon Photon C: The photon that is entangled with photon B If researchers tried to look too closely at photon A without entanglement, they would bump it, and thereby change it. By entangling photon B and C, researchers can extract some information about photon A, and the remaining information would be passed on to B by way of entanglement, and then on to photon C. When researchers apply the information from photon A to photon C, they can create an exact replica of photon A. However, photon A no longer exists as it did before the

How hard is it to teleport an atom?

Photons have very few pairs of parameters: color, duration, amplitude, phase, polarization, beam size. Thats about it. While atoms have a lot more (about 100 different pairs). Recent discoveries have led to the teleportation of photons. So, with further development in technology, it wouldnt be tough enough to teleport the atom in near future.

How hard is it to teleport a living being?

To date there are a few science experiments that has created life. The smallest living organism are viroid. Some are as small as 10,000 atoms. We have teleported only one pair of information. Teleporting a viroid is 100*10,000 times (106 times)harder=roughly a million times harder.

How hard is it to teleport a human?

There is about 1027 atoms in a person. With 100 parameter pairs per atom, thats about 1029 pair of information. So far we have done only 1 pair, so a human is about 1029 times harder. For a person to be transported, a machine would have to be built that can pinpoint and analyse all of the 1027 atoms that make up the human body.

In 2002, some researchers at the Australian National University successfully teleported a laser beam. In 2004, researchers from the University of Vienna and the Austrian Academy of Science teleported particles of light over a distance of 600m using Optical Fibre. In Oct 4,2006, at the Neil Bohrs Institute, Denmark, Dr. Polzik and his team teleported information stored in a laser beam into a cloud of atom across 1.6 feet.

And they continued..

In May 2010, a team of 15 Chinese researchers from Tsinghua University in Beijing and the Hefei National Laboratory achieved secure quantum-key distribution over 16 kilometres of free-space. In April 2011, physicist at University of Tokyo, teleported a complex set of quantum information from one point to another. In May 2012, an international research team including several scientists from the University of Waterloo has achieved quantum teleportation over a record-breaking distance of 143

Quantum

Cryptography

Quantum cryptography allows the transmission of information with 100% security ensured by the law of physics. Potential application for commerce and military purpose.
Quantum

Computation

Moores law predicts that computer double its speed, memory performance, etc. every 18 months. But the size and weight of computers remain the same. This means more and more is expected from fewer and fewer atoms. Eventually, classical physics will no longer valid. A new way of computing will be

Present Tech- TELEPRESENCE

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 Transmission

Advantages

at higher rates. Secure data transmission. Can detect eavesdropping. Transportation becomes much e Reduced cost of transportation. Accidents will be completely abs Faster transportation.

References

h t t p : / /w w w. r e s e a r c h . i b m . c o m
h t t p : / /w w w. e l e c t r o n i c s n ew s . c o m . a u http://en.wikipedia.org h t t p : / /w w w. yo u t u b e . c o m h t t p : / /w w w.w i r e d . c o m Entanglement and Quantum Teleportation by Stephen Bartlett