RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

SITI MUNIRAH NUR AZIYAH

Hypotheses $e"initions
Hypotheses are predictions about the relationship among two or more variables or groups based on a theory or previous research (Pittenger, 2003) Hypotheses are assumptions or theories that a researcher makes and tests. Hypotheses !ormal statements o" e#pected relationships among variables

)esearch Hypotheses
Research Hypothesis: A statement of the relationship among two or more varia les or gro!ps" %he acceptance or non&acceptance o" which is based on resolving a logical alternative with a null hypothesis. '#ample (raduate students who read the te#t in research methods will score higher on their comprehensive e#ams than graduate students who did not read their research methods te#t.

)esearch Hypotheses 0ont.

)esearch hypotheses can be stated as Directional or Non-directional. $irectional hypotheses predict the speci"ic relationship among two or more variables or groups
(raduate students who read the te#t in research methods will score higher on their comprehensive e#ams than graduate students who did not read their research methods te#t.
H0 * + 2 H* * , 2

-. scores will correlate in a positive manner with /el" 'steem /cores 0ats will bark less "re1uently than $ogs

)esearch Hypotheses 0ont.

3on&$irectional Hypotheses predict that there will be di""erences among two or more groups, but do not specify the direction of the differences
4en and 5omen will di""er in their recall o" phone numbers %he scores on the (eriatric $epression /cale will di""er between people with /troke and people with 6l7heimers disease -. scores will correlate with /el" 'steem scores
H0 * 8 2 H* * 9 2

Hypothesis are used to state the relationship between two variables and may be stated as

N!ll hypotheses & no relationship between two variables. #irectional hypotheses $ 5e state the direction o" the relationship between two variables. Non %irectional hypotheses & we don;t know or won;t speculate about the direction o" the relationship between two variables.

'#amples o" hypothesis type

N!ll: %here will be no di""erence in scores on
'nglish test between boys and girls in <ear 2 =estari.

#irectional: (irls will have higher scores than

boys on 'nglish test o" <ear 2 =estari.

Non %irectional: %here will be a di""erence by

gender in 'nglish test o" <ear 2 =estari scores.

-mportance o" Hypotheses

Hypotheses
#irect o!r o servations
-denti"ies the variables e#amined and data to be collected

#escri e a relationship among varia les

0an state that as one variable increases, the other will decrease> as one variables increases, the other will increase, and so on.