Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Exercise 2-7
MCE
Multi-criteria Evaluation
aggregating many criteria. Decision will not be based on a single criteria but a combination.
Types of MCE
MCE
Exercise 2-7
Exercise 2-8
Exercise 2-9
allocated for residential development). environmental groups where new development will or will not occur.
The environmentally-mixed landscape of Westborough includes many areas that should be preserved as open space and for wildlife.
The goal is to explore potential suitable areas for residential development for the town of Westborough: areas that best meet the needs of all groups involved.
Considerations
Constraints
Factors
LANDCON
MCELANDUSE
ROADDIST
WATERCON
TOWNDIST
SLOPES
WATERDIST
DEVELOPDIST
Constraints
YES / NO ? TRUE / FASLE 1 / 0
(i.e., limit) our analysis to particular geographic regions. Constraints are always Boolean images.
In this Example: The constraints differentiate areas
that we can consider suitable for residential development from those that cannot be considered suitable under any conditions.
Factors
Factors are criteria that define some degree
of suitability for all geographic regions. They define areas or alternatives in terms of a continuous measure of suitability. Individual factor scores may either enhance (with high scores) or detract from (with low scores) the overall suitability of an alternative.
a) Path Setup
Change the Data Paths (under the file menu)
user-defined MCELANDUSE palette. Choose to display the legend and title map components. Use Add Layer to add the streams layer MCESTREAMS with the user-defined BLUE symbol file Add roads layer MCEROADS with the uniform black symbol file.
c) Water
Display the image MCEWATER with the Qualitative palette.
d) Water Constraints
Display the image WATERCON with the Qualitative palette.
Areas that are already developed, water bodies, and large transportation corridors
f)
Display LANDCON, a Boolean image
Suitable categories
Cropland Pasture Forest Open Undeveloped
g)
Examine the images ROADDIST,
TOWNDIST, and SLOPES using the IDRISI standard palette. Display MCELANDUSE with the Qualitative palette.
ROADDIST
TOWNDIST
SLOPES
h)
Examine the images WATERDIST and
WATERDIST
DEVELOPDIST
standardized to Boolean values (0 and 1). method of aggregation will be Boolean intersection (multiplication of criteria). This is the most common & Simplest GIS method of MCE. Severely limit analysis and constrain resultant land allocation choices.
effectively reduced to Boolean values. All of the continuous factors developed previously must be reduced to Boolean constraints.
Landuse Factor
Of the four landuse types available for development,
forested and open undeveloped lands are the least expensive and will be considered equally suitable by developers, while all other land will be considered completely unsuitable.
Unsuitable Categories Suitable categories
Cropland Pasture Forest Open Undeveloped Open Developed Multifamily residential Small Lots Residential Med Lots Residentials Large Lot Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation Open Water
closer to roads are considered more suitable than those that are distant.
Suitable categories
areas less than 400 meters from any road
Unsuitable Categories
equal to or beyond 400 meters
higher revenue for developers. Distance from the town center is a function of travel time on area roads.
Suitable categories
less than 10 minutes or 400 GCEs of the town center
Unsuitable Categories
400 GCEs or beyond are not suitable.
Slope Factor
relatively low slopes make housing and road
Suitable categories
slope less than 15%
Unsuitable Categories
equal to or greater than 15%
pollution and runoff, environmentalists have pointed out that areas further from water bodies and wetlands are more suitable than those that are nearby. protected by a 50 meter buffer through constraints.
Suitable categories
at least 100 meters from any water body or wetland.
Unsuitable Categories
Within 100m of water body or wetland
Boolean images (i.e., reduced to constraints). most typical Boolean aggregation procedure. all eight images are multiplied together to produce a single image of suitability. equivalent to a logical AND operation
it is very helpful to compare the resultant image to the original criteria images. This is most easily accomplished by identifying the images as parts of a collection
o)
Open the Display Launcher dialog box and invoke the pick list. MCEBOOLGROUP in the list with a small plus sign next to it. This is an image group file that has already been created using
Collection Editor. Click on the plus sign to see a list of the files that are in the group. Choose MCEBOOL and press OK. Note that the file name shown in the Display Launcher input box is MCEBOOLGROUP.MCEBOOL. Choose the Qualitative palette and click OK to display MCEBOOL.
p)
Use the feature properties query tool (from its
toolbar icon or Composer button) and explore the MCEBOOLGROUP collection. Click on the image to check the values in the final image and in the eight criterion images.
all eight criteria also have a value of 1, a value of 0 is the result if even one criterion has a value of 0. i.e. the suitable places must have the suitability criteria of all the factors/ constraints. (maximum relationship). If any one of the factor show unsuitability and all other show suitable, the location is still unsuitable. they do not trade off. In terms of risk, it is very conservative. no tradeoff and risk aversion
The result is the best location possible for residential development and no less suitable locations are identified.