*Cruciate ligament damage

-anterior cruciate ligament damage -posterior cruciate ligament damage

*Osteoathritis- mechanical abnormalities involving degradation of joints.

Anterior cruciate ligament damage is the overstretching or tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee. A tear may be partial or complete. Athletes who participate in high demand sports like soccer, football, and basketball are more likely to injure their anterior cruciate ligaments. The anterior cruciate ligament can be injured in several ways: Changing direction rapidly Stopping suddenly Slowing down while running Landing from a jump incorrectly Direct contact or collision, such as a football tackle

Symptoms

-A "popping" sound at the time of injury -knee swelling within 6 hours of injury -Pain, especially when you try to put weight on the injured leg

Michael Owen
A damaged anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee, sustained in the first minute of the group match against Sweden at the 2006 World Cup, kept Owen out of regular football for nearly a year, until April 2007.

MRI scans

PCL tears make up less than 20% of injuries to knee ligaments. Injuries that tear the PCL often damage some of the other ligaments or cartilage in the knee, as well. In some cases, the ligament can also break loose a piece of underlying bone. An injury to the posterior cruciate ligament can happen many ways. It typically requires a powerful force. A direct blow to the front of the knee (such as a bent knee hitting a dashboard in a car crash, or a fall onto a bent knee in sports) Pulling or stretching the ligament (such as in a twisting or hyperextension injury) Simple misstep

Tear of pcl

Symptoms

After a PCL injury, people often think they only have a minor knee problem. They may try to go on with their usual activities. However, symptoms that can develop include: Swelling (mild to severe) Knee pain Wobbly sensation in the knee Trouble walking or bearing weight on the knee Over time, a PCL tear can lead to osteoarthritis in the knee.

Fact
Young women are two to eight times more likely than young men to injure the ACL.

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis.

It is a chronic condition in which the cartilage breaks down. This causes the bones to rub against each other, causing stiffness, pain and loss of joint movement.
Osteoarthritis gradually worsens with time, and no cure exists.

SYMPTOMS

Stiffness in a joint after getting out of bed or sitting for a long time Swelling in one or more joints Crunching feeling or the sound of bone rubbing on bone

DIAGNOSIS Clinical history Xrays MRI

TREATMENT
There is still no cure for osteoarthritis. Treatment is based on relieving pain

Four Goals of Osteoarthritis Treatment to control pain to improve joint function to maintain normal body weight to achieve a healthy lifestyle. Treatment Approaches to Osteoarthritis exercise weight control rest and relief from stress on joints nondrug pain relief techniques and alternative therapies medications to control pain surgery.