Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
3
Asexual reproduction and GMOs
Asexual Reproduction
Only one parent is involved in asexual reproduction.
Plants contain non-differentiated meristem tissue that routinely reproduces asexually by vegetative propagation. Offspring may arise from the nodes of stolons.
Example: strawberries
stolons
rhizomes
Breedingof Plants
Traditionally, hybridization (crossing different varieties of plants or species) is used to produce offspring with desirable traits. Hybridization is followed by vegetative propagation of the mature plants to form a large number of identical plants.
a. Protoplasts
c. Aggregates of cells
e. Somatic embryo
f. Plantlet
(all): Courtesy Prof. Dr. Hans-Ulrich Koop, from Plant Cell Reports, 17:601-604
Figure 10.11
Improved Food-Quality Traits Fatty acid/oil content Protein/starch content Amino acid content a. Desirable traits
Dennis Kunkel/Phototake
Corn, soybeans Cereals, pota toes, soybeans, rice, corn Corn, soybeans
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
b.
WT
X10E
Wild-type (WT) and transgenic tomato (X1OE) grown in the presence of 200 mM NaCl
b: Courtesy Eduardo Blumwald
Other modifications
Commercial Products
Single gene transfers have produced plants that can manufacture various products. Hormones Clotting Factors Antibodies