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Men and Womens Problems

Jessie Yeo Thian Fang Ming 25/02/2014

Infertility
Infertility means you cannot make a baby.
Two categories: 1. Primary infertility refers to couples who have not becomee pregnant after at least 1 year of unprotected sex (intercourse). 2. Secondary infertility refers to couples who have been pregnant at least once, but never again.

25/02/2014

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)


long-term inability to release eggs to the uterusovulation. Elevated insulin levels stimulate excess production of the hormone androgen, which cause some of the unfertilized eggs to disintegrate, leading to inconsistent / no ovulation. Symptoms include irregular ovulation and menstrual periods, acne and excessive hair growth. PCOS is diagnosed by blood tests and ultrasound. Treatments include medications on hormones, surgery to remove a portion of the ovary or to drill holes in the ovary with a laser to reduce androgen production.
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ENDOMETRIOSIS
Excessive growth of the lining of the uterus, the endometrium. A positive diagnosis can only be made by diagnostic laparoscopy, the physician views the uterus and fallopian tubes directly. The symptoms include heavy, painful and long menstrual periods, urinary urgency, and premenstrual spotting.

BLOCKED FALLOPIAN TUBES

prevent sperms from getting to your egg, and prevent the fertilized egg from getting to your uterus. Leading causes include pelvic inflammatory disease. Possible solutions: surgery to open the tubes, or in vitro fertilization (IVF) if surgery fails or the tubes are too badly damaged to repair.
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Sperm Abnormalities
Low Sperm Count (Oligospermia)
A sperm count of less than 20 million/mL is considered low sperm. Azoospermia refers to the complete absence of sperm cells in the ejaculate. Treatments like homeopathic medicine helps in both low sperm count and poor sperm motility.

Poor Sperm Motility (Asthenospermia)


Sperm's mobility. If movement is slow, not in a straight line, or both, the sperm have difficulty invading the hard outer shell of the egg. Poor sperm motility may be associated with DNA fragmentation and may increase the risk for passing on genetic diseases.

25/02/2014

Pituitary tumors, although usually benign, can lead to destruction of some of the hormone-secreting cells in the pituitary gland, causing cessation of menstrual periods in women and reduced sperm production in men.
Pituitary tumors are diagnosed by measuring hormone levels in the blood and urine, from MRI or CT scans of the brain and by visual field tests. Treatments include surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, hormone replacement therapy or a combination.
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