ng dng tin hc trong kinh t & qun tr kinh doanh

Mc ch: 1. Khai thc mt s Cng c chuyn dng trong cc phn mm 2. Vn dng cc cng c ca tin hc trong phn tch d liu, lp k hoch v chy cc m hnh ng dng trong ngnh 3. Nng cao k nng s dng tin hc phc v cho cng vic chuyn dng
1

Ni dung
1. ng dng SPSS trong tng hp v phn tch d liu; 2. ng dng EXCEL trong lp v nh gi d n u t, xc nh phng n ti u 3. ng dng Powerpoint trong thuyt trnh cc bo co

Yu cu i vi hc vin
1.

2.
3.

4.

C kin thc ca tin hc Kin thc chuyn ngnh T hc, nghin cu v sng to nng cao trnh S dng vo chuyn ngnh

ng dng phn mm SPSS trong kinh t - x hi

Ti liu tham kho: 2. SPSS Base 8.0 Application Guide (Tc gi nc ngoi) 3. ng dng SPSS for Windows x l v phn tch d kin nghin cu. NXB khoa hc & k thut 1997 4. SPSS 8.0 9.0 ng dng trong phn tch d liu qun tr kinh doanh v khoa hc t nhin x hi. NXB GTVT 2000 5. ng dng SPSS FOR Windows x

Khai thc phn mm SPSS

Ni dung: I. Tng quan v SPSS II. Nhp d liu III. Thng k m t, tnh ton cc ch tiu IV. Phn tch phng sai V. Phn tch Hi quy
5

I. Tng quan v phn mm SPSS

1.1. SPSS l g ? Phn mm SPSS: vit tt ca Statistical Products for the Social Services. Trc y chy di mi trng DOS, t Vesion 7.0 chy c trn Windows, hin nay c phin bn 15.0 http://www.spss.com Ci t phn mm SPSS: + Lu n license hoc cdkey. Giao din SPSS trong Windows: (Hnh sau)
6

Giao din phn mm SPSS trong windows

Cc b phn ca SPSS
+ SPSS Professional Statistics: Cung cp d liu dng khng thch hp vi m hnh tuyn tnh + SPSS Advanced Statistics: p dng cho nghin cu sinh hc v th nghim

+ SPSS Tables: Xy dng cc bo co dng biu v cc trnh by ca d liu a dng

+ SPSS Trends: Thc hin php d on v phn tch dy s thi gian.

Cc loi ca s ca SPSS
+ Data Editor (Hiu nh d liu): Th hin ni dung tp d liu hin hnh + Viewer (Xem): c m ra t ng ln u cha kt qu, bng biu + Draft: Ch c vn bn c th hin + Pivot Table Editor (Hiu nh bng tr): Sa i trong bng tr kt qu + Chart Editor (Hiu nh th): + Syntax Editor (Hiu nh c php): Lu cc m lnh, c th sa cha c. + Text Output Editor (Hiu nh vn bn u ra). + Script Editor (T ng ho): Dng cho lp trnh 9 nh

Cc ca s ca SPSS
Menu Bar: 10 trnh n chnh, c bit l option trong Edit v font trong View C th t to ra mt menu cho chnh mnh nh cng c Utilities...Menu Editor... Thanh cng c ( Toolbar): c th c thay i bng view...Toolbar, thm vo bt i tu . Thanh tnh trng (Status bar): Cc hp thoi Di chuyn con tr trong tp d liu hin hnh: dng chut hoc bn phm (cc phm mi tn, Page up, Page down) + V u tp: Ctrl + home + V cui tp: Ctrl + end + V u Case: home 10 + V cui Case: end

Tng quan v phn mm SPSS

Chn thm bin, trng: bi en 1 dng hoc ct, bm phi chut v chn insert case hoc insert variable.

C th s dng cc thanh cng c nh word excel

Xo bin, trng, tng t, chn clear hoc phm

Delete trn bn phm.

D liu dng text lun lch v tri, d liu s lun

lch v phi.
11

Mt s thut ng thng dng trong SPSS

1. Case (trng hp, quan st) 2. Khi nim v bin: Chnh l i din cho mt ch tiu, mt i lng no , c k hiu bng mt tn ngn gn, c th tham gia vo qu trnh tnh ton, lu tr, c th nhn nhiu gi tr khc nhau. Trong SPSS, bin c quy nh bt u bng 8 k t ( di ti a) t tn bin, Nhn ca bin , Gi tr bin, bin nh tnh, nh lng 3. Cc loi thang o cho bin + Thang o nh danh (Norminal): biu hin cng loi ca tiu thc. V d gii tnh, + Thang o th bc (Ordinal): l thang o nh danh nhng c phn ra th bc cao thp. V d Hun chng hng 1, 2, 3. + Thang o khong (interval): L thang o th bc c khong cch u nhau, c th nh gi s khc bit gia cc bin. + Thang o t l (Ratio- Scale): o lng cc biu hin ca tiu thc nh cc n v vt l thng thng
12

Bin trong SPSS

Bin nh tnh: L nhng bin thng s dng thang o l nh danh Nu c m ho bng s th vic p dng cc php tnh s hc l khng c ngha. Thng nhn t gi tr V d:... Bin nh lng L nhng bin c th lng ho, c th thang o khong hoc thang o t l Thng nhn nhiu gi tr C th p dng cc tnh ton, c bit l cc ch tiu thng k m t Quan h gia cc bin nh tnh: v d Dn tc v trnh hiu bit... Quan h gia cc bin nh lng: thng l kh ph bin, v d Quan h gia bin nh tnh & nh lng: v d trnh v thu nhp...

13

Bin trong SPSS

Bin c lp, bin ph thuc

Bin c lp (Independent): s thay i ca cc bin khc khng lm nh hng ti n. C th hon ton c lp hoc lin quan mc rt thp Bin ph thuc (Dependent): S thay i cc bin c lin quan ko theo s thay di ca n V d: Cc bin biu th lng m, ln, kali... bn cho 1 so la l cc bin c lp; Bin NS la l ph thuc...

Xem cc thng tin v bin trong SPSS:

+ C th xem trc tip ca s Variable View hoc Utilities...Variable

14

Bin trong SPSS

Cc thnh phn c bn ca bin trong SPSS: + Name: Tn ca bin, khng qu 8 k t, khng du + Type: Kiu ca bin, c 8 kiu khc nhau + Width: rng ti a ca ct cha bin + Decimals: phn thp phn + Label: Nhn ca bin, l tn ch dn ca bin + Value: gi tr ca bin, dng trong trng hp m ho + Missing: Quy nh cho trng hp khng c phng n tr li + Column: rng ct hin hnh, c th ln hn hoc nh hn so vi rng t ban u. + Align: L, kiu String lch tri, kiu Numeric lch phi + Measure: thang o, c 4 loi thang o nh trnh by

15

so snh SPSS v excel

SPSS - Qun l d liu theo bin v trng, s lng khng hn ch. - Thun li v m t, phn tch -Tc x l nhanh - C th lu li c php lnh s dng li khi cn thit. -Phn tch, x l d liu nhiu cp -Ngn ng lp trnh n gin
-Khng -Cc

EXCEL bng tnh rt thun li cho tnh ton s hc thng thng. - Qun l d liu theo dng, ct, a ch. -Nhiu hm tnh ton rt thun tin -Nhp d liu trc quan, thun tin -C nhiu sheet trong 1 file thun li cho vic khu ni.
-S

im mnh

im yu

c bng tnh - S dng cc hm tnh ton khng thun tin

lng ct hn ch (256) - Khng thun tin trong phn t d liu - Khng lu c c php lnh -Ngn ng lp trnh phc tp.
16

so snh SPSS v foxpro

So snh SPSS - Qun l d liu theo bin v trng, s lng gn nh khng hn ch. -Tc x l nhanh - C th lu li c php lnh s dng li khi cn thit. -Ngn ng lp trnh n gin Foxpro - Qun l d liu theo bin v trng, s lng gn nh khng hn ch. - Tc x l nhanh - C th lu li c php lnh s dng li khi cn thit. -Ngn ng lp trnh n gin

im ging

im khc

- Thun li v m t, phn tch, -Khng thun li cho vic phn xy dng m hnh. tch thng k, xy dng m hnh. - Phn tch, x l d liu nhiu cp

17

Bi 2: Nhp v Qun l d liu trong spss

2.1. M ho d liu: y l vic lm cn thit, p dng cho cc bin nh tnh. V d:... C th vic m ho c quy nh ngay t u, v d trnh hc vn... C th sau khi thu thp d liu ta phi m ho li, v d cc cu hi m c nhiu phng n, ta phi chn 1 s phng n ph bin, cn li cho vo phng n tr li khc. 2.2. Nhp d liu:C nhiu cch nhp: + Nhp t phn mm Excel hoc Foxpro, cn lu n tiu cc ct, v sau ny chuyn qua SPSS s tr thnh cc bin. + Nhp t ca s Data Editor: Vn phi quan tm n vic thit k cc bin cho ph hp. u im: D dng nhp vo do giao din thun tin. Nhc im: Khi s lng bin ln, nhp cc bin sau b che khut kh quan st ton cnh, d nhm ln kh pht hin.
18

2.3. Mt s k thut thng dng ca SPSS.13.0

2.3.1. Sort cases: chn data/sort case 2.3.2. Select Cases chn data/select case 2.3.3. Split File (Chia nh cc tp) 2.3.4. Php bin i hay to bin mi bng tnh ton ( Transformation) transform / compute : dng tnh ct ln(x) transform/

2.3.5. M ho li bin (Recode) 2.3.6. Lp Bng

19

2.3. Mt s k thut thng dng ca SPSS.13.0

analyzis / table/ basic table to lpp bng mi summarier: to lp bin cng tng Down: chn bin vo hm vd: gii acrors chn bin vo ct. vd: taphuan nu cn tnh thng k g th chn statistics. tnh tng tng nhm group, total: chn vo total sau to file u ra bng spss: yu cu ct gioitinh, hng trinhdovanhoa. thu nhp. trng ln mt lp l mt bin. analyzis/ table / general/ across the top: trng hng theo ct vd: vanhoa cho vo rows.thunhap vo row nu tnh % th vo edit statistics. chn bin tng kt: is summaries a gioitinh vo ct a bin xp trng ln nhau: layer. c th tnh ton cc bin cng tng hay bin khc....

20

2.3. Mt s k thut thng dng ca SPSS.13.0

Bng tng kt Bo co theo ct:analyze/reports/ summaries in columms tuoi mean th s chn bin nam, n cng tng. sau vo data colum (vo summary) chn tt c cc bin cng tng cc bin. sau vo bin ngt report option chn display granda Bo co theo hng: Bo co theo tng nhm ring: analyze/reports/ summaries phn tch: analyze/dng 2 / dng 1 chn frequencies: th hin tn s. chn cc bin c tn s lp nhiu ln th n s c ngha thng k. ta c th chn nhiu bin kt qu ta c cc bng tn s.N l cc quan st c gi tr . valid s cc tn s c gi tr. nhn ct valid percent bit gi tr ng. cumulative: tn s cng dn.

21

III. thng k m t, tnh ton cc ch tiu

Tnh ton cc ch tiu thng k m t: + Sum : + Max + Min + Mean + Median + Frequency (Dng th tc: Descriptive t Analyze/Descriptive Statitics/Descriptive): cho kt qu u ra l th bng, ... (Ch dng cho bin kiu s) Quatietle : chn t phn v ngha s liu thng k kt xut t bng. chn tnh phn v percentiles. v d phn v th 50 th c 100% - 50% = 50% ngi c thu nhp trn 550.000 ng. chn histogram : chn hm phn b thng k c tun theo hm phn phi chun hay khng.

22

III. thng k m t, tnh ton cc ch tiu

v d thc hnh: tnh tn sut, tn s ca thu nhp, tp hun ca 2 nhm nam v n tnh thng k m t ca bin theo gii. thu nhp, t phn v, thp nht, cao nht ta s dng: split file. chn gii a vo. sau vo Descriptive t Analyze/Descriptive Statitics/Descriptive . sau chn, tick tt c cc yu cu vi percentiles l 10 v 90 Descriptive t Analyze/Descriptive Statitics/Explore: cho khm ph cc s liu l, loi bt. cho biu m t s liu bng cc th hnh hp. Dependent list: chn thu nhp: bin ph thuc factor lish: bin c lp nhm gp label: l nhn ca factor Descriptive t Analyze/Descriptive Statitics/crosstas : m t quan h cc bin, mi quan h 2 chiu s

23

III. thng k m t, tnh ton cc ch tiu

so snh gia cc s trung bnh.

kim nh T text: nghin cu thu nhp n mc sng ca ngi dn. kim nh T 1 mu so vi 1 s k vng cho trc.

24

bng tr v cc bo co
Hiu

nh bng tr

+ Cng c Pivot tables + Cng c Pivot table Editor

Cc

bo co theo lp, trang

+ Th tc OLAP Cube
+ Bo co tng kt (Summary Report)

+ Phn tch kt qu
+ V d thc hnh
25

IV. th v mt s tin tch trong spss

Cc

loi th c bn trn SPSS

Cch

to biu :

+ Hnh thanh (Bar) + Hnh trn (Pie) + Din tch (Area)

Hiu

chnh, b sung mt th ton trn th

26

Cc

khun mu th

Tnh

 th v mt s tin tch trong spss (tip)

Lin

kt th vi cc ng dng khc

Cc

tiu cho trang kt qu

In

n trong SPSS

27

V. phn tch phng sai bng cc cng c ca SPSS

Phn

tch phng sai mt yu t + Cc gi s + Cc so snh cp v kim nh phm vi + S so snh tng phn Phn tch phng sai mt yu t vi kim nh Levene + Th tc One-Way ANOVA + Cc tu chn + Kim nh Leveve v ngang bng phng sai (Test of Homogenneity of Variances)

28

phn tch phng sai bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

Mt s thut ng thng dng trong mt bng Anova: + Sourse, Groups, Error, Total + Sum of Squares + Within group sum of squares + Between group sum of squares + Total sum of squares + Mean Square + Within groups mean squares + Between groups mean squares + Mean square total

29

phn tch phng sai bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

Cc

so snh nhiu cp v kim nh phm

vi
+ Th tc One-Way ANOVA

+ Cc la chn:
Equal Variances Assumed Multiple Comparions * So snh tng phn
30

phn tch phng sai bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

Phn

tch phng sai nhiu yu t tng qut (General Factorial Analysis of Variance) + Phn tch phng sai 2 yu t cng c mu (Th tc GLM-General Factorial v cc la chn) + Kim tra tng tc gia cc ch th (Test of Between Subjects Effects) * Phn tch phng sai bin n (M hnh cc nh hng c nh: fix effects model)
31

VI. phn tch hi quy - tng quan bng cc cng c ca SPSS

Thm

d mi quan h, h s tng quan H s tng quan hng Tng quan cc b o lng tng quan gia 2 bin: Cc h s tng quan Pearson vi cc phng php Pairwise v Listwise i vi d liu khng y : +Th tc: Analysis ... Correlate...Bivariate v cc la chn
32

phn tch hi quy - tng quan bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

M

hnh hi quy tuyn tnh gin n: + M hnh gin n (Cc h s, h s gc, hng s, cch tnh) + M hnh hi quy bi + Phng php bnh phng nh nht (OLS) + Vn phi tuyn tnh + Cc s ngoi lai + S c mt ca cc nhm/t ph khng ng nht + Bng ANOVA trong phn tch hi quy

33

phn tch hi quy - tng quan bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

Th

tc: Analyze...Regresion..Linear v cc la chn. + V d v phn tch cc kt qu: M t: Descriptive Statistics Tng quan: Correlation Tm tt M hnh: Model Summary Sai s chun ca c lng Anova + Cc h s: Coefficients

34

phn tch hi quy - tng quan bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

Th

tc: Analyze...Regresion..Linear v cc la chn cho phn tch hi quy bi + V d v phn tch cc kt qu: M t: Descriptive Statistics Tng quan: Correlation Tm tt M hnh: Model Summary Sai s chun ca c lng Anova + Cc h s: Coefficients

35

phn tch hi quy - tng quan bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)

La

chn cc bin: Phng php loi b dn: + a dn vo (Forward selection) + Loi dn ra (Backward Elimintion) + a vo loi ra (Stepwise Selection) + Cc tiu chun ca loi b bin * La chn cc bin: Phng php la chn tng bc + Cc bin a ra (Exclude Variables) + Chn on cng tuyn Collinearrity Diagnosstics
36

VII. XLDL v thc hnh

n

tp, nhn mnh mt s tnh nng u vit ca SPSS l d liu

* Bi tp thc hnh * Cc cu hi, trao i v gii p * Kt thc

37

X l d liu

Truy nhp d liu

Kim tra d liu

To bin mi M ha bin

Thit k cc bng biu: + Cu trc cc bng

+ Xc nh cc bng gi nh
+ Cc bng c bn (Basic tables) + Cc bng tng hp (General tables)
38

X l d liu

Thit k file SYNTAX Chnh sa file SYNTAX Chy chng trnh Tip tc kim tra d liu.

Chy li chng trnh

Chy mt phn Chy ton b.

EXPORT sang EXCEL hoc dng khc

Chnh sa file OUTPUT cho hp l Copy sang WINWORD nu cn
39

X l d liu

Thit lp file d liu

1. Ly d liu t EXCEL 2. To file d liu mi

40

X l d liu
Gp

file:

Trng hp ghp bin:

MATCH FILES /FILE=* /FILE='ng dn\tn file mun ghp vo'. EXECUTE.

41

X l d liu
Gp

file:

Trng hp ghp Case:

ADD FILES /FILE=*
/FILE='ng dn\tn file mun ghp vo'.

EXECUTE.

42

X l d liu

Kim tra d liu ban u

43

X l d liu

Lnh Sort:
SORT CASES BY x13 (A) .

44

X l d liu

Bin chy:
- Khi nim - Tc dng - V d: HTX, huyn, tnh...

Cc nhm tui, cc nhm thu nhp,

quy m...
45

X l d liu
Thng k M t:

descriptives variables= Bin1 Bin 2 /statitics = mean min max stdev variance. (kt thc bng .)

46

X l d liu
Tnh tn s:

frequency Bin1 Bin 2.

47

X l d liu
To bin mi:
COMPUTE Bin mi = Tnh ton da trn cc bin c. VARIABLE LABELS Bin mi 'Nhn bin. EXECUTE .

48

X l d liu
M ha li bin (phn t):

RECODE Tn bin cn m ha (0 thru K1=1) (k1 thru K2=2) (k2 thru Highest=3) INTO Tn bin mi . VARIABLE LABELS Tn bin mi Nhn bin'. EXECUTE .
49

X l d liu
M ha li bin (T ng):

AUTORECODE VARIABLES=Tn bin c /INTO tn bin mi /PRINT.

Dng trong trng hp bin nh tnh, kiu STRING v cha quy nh Value

50

X l d liu
Chn, lc d liu:
use all. COMPUTE filter_$=(Tn bin = a). FILTER BY filter_$. EXECUTE .

51

X l d liu
Chm dt lc d liu:
FILTER OFF. USE ALL. EXECUTE .

52

X l d liu
Xy dng bng gi nh (Dummy Table): + Bng c bn, n gin + Bng tng qut + Bng bi: m s lng, tn sut

53

X l d liu
Bng c bn:
* Basic Tables. VARIABLE LABELS Tn bin chy. TABLES /OBSERVATION Bin cn tnh /TABLES Tn bin chy BY Bin cn tnh /STATISTICS mean( ( F7.0 )) maximum( ( F7.0 )) /TITLE Tn bng'.
54

X l d liu
Bng bi:
* Multiple Response Tables. TABLES /TABLE= Bin 1 +Bin 2 by Bin chy /STATISTICS count( Binchy( F5.0 ) 'Count') cpct( Binchy( F7.2 ) 'Column %' : Binchy) /TITLE ' Tn bng '.
55

X l d liu
Bng tng hp:
* General Tables. TABLES /OBSERVATION= Bin 1 Bin 2 /TABLE= Bin 1 + Bin 2 BY Bin chy /STATISTICS mean(Bin 1( F7.2 ) '') mean(Bin 2( F7.2 ) '') /TITLE Tn bng'.
56

X l d liu

Thit lp file SYNTAX Chy File SYNTAX

57

X l d liu

Xem li file output Pht hin d liu sai, nhm...

58

X l d liu

Chy li file SYNTAX Kt xut sang Excel hoc Winword

59

X l d liu

Mt s bi tp thc hnh

60

61

II. Qun l d liu trong spss

Ngun d liu: + Dng s: + Text: Thu thp ti liu: Ti liu th cp: Ti liu c sn Ti liu s cp: Phi t chc i iu tra, phng vn Thit lp form iu tra: Phi cn c vo mc ch ca vic phn tch v cc thng tin cn thit lp cc bng hi (questionare): K thut lp bng hi: cn lu mt s loi cu hi: + Cu hi ng: dng cu hi c/khng. V d + Cu hi m: Dng cu hi c nhiu cch tr li khc nhau, ngi hi cha lit k ra trc + Cu hi tuyn: Ch c 1 la chn trong s cc la chn c lit k ra trc. + Cu hi hi: c th c nhiu la chn trong s cc la chn c lit k.

62

Qun l d liu trong spss

C th thit k 1 s mc cn thng tin di dng bng cho gn. V d thng tin v cc thnh vin trong gia nh, thng tin v cc tha t, cc loi cy trng... i vi cc cu hi ly thng tin nh lng cn ch n n v tnh cho ph hp: V d: Nng sut cy trng nn ly n v tch l kg/so hoc t/ha, gi tr sn lng nn ly n v l 1000... Nn r n v tnh bn di cc ch tiu ngi hi v tnh ton li c thng nht. * Mt s ch tiu c th c tnh ton thng qua cc ch tiu khc th khng cn thu thp ngay t u. V d tng din tch cc tha rung, tng thu nhp...

63

Phn mm nhp d liu de

+ Nhp d liu t phn mm DE (Data Entry) Mt s vn chnh trong nhp d liu t phn mm DE: t tn cc bin: y l vic lm ht sc quan trng v tin quyt. Cch t bin thun li nht l cn c vo kt cu ca bng hi, th t cc cu m t, iu ny s gip cho ngi nhp v ngi x l c thun li hn, d nh. Quy trnh to Form: @ to File mi t u: T ca s ca DE.Shift+F2F4t tn File (Khng qu 8 k t, khng du, lin nhau). @ Thot khi DE, c ghi li: Shift+F2F3EnterEnterShift+F10.
64

Phn mm nhp d liu de

@ Lm vic vi File c: T ca s ca DEShift+F2F2 G tn FileEnter. @ To bin mi: T File hin hnhShift+F4F2: Ln lt t tn bin v cc thuc tnh ca n nh nhn, kiu, di, s thp phn, Missing Cn ht sc lu n kiu (String hay numeric ngay t u), kt thc 1 vic t 1 bin bng Ctrrl+F10. @ Copy bin: t danh sch bin mu xanh, a con ch n bin cn copy bm F4, bn to bin mu s hin ra, ta g tn bin mi vo. @ Quy nh gi tr cho nhn bin: a con ch n bin cn t, bm F5, bng mu s hin ra, ln lt g cc gi tr quy nh vo, sau mi thao tc u g Enter, kt thc g Ctrl+F10. 65

Phn mm nhp d liu de

@ Copy nhn bin: T bng lit k bin mu xanh, a con ch n bin c cn copy, nhn F6, di chuyn n bin c copy, nhn Enter. @ Xo bin: t danh sch bin mu xanh, a con ch n bin cn xo, nhn F9chn YEnter. @ Khng ch phm vi gi tr ca bin: Bm Shift+F6F2, a con ch n bin cn to vng ri Enter, ta nh cc gi tr bin cch nhau bng cc du phy, kt thc l du chm. Trong trng hp gii hn l 1 khong ta dng Thru. V d: 1 thru 10. Kt thc bm Ctrl+F10 Nu mun copy khai bo ny n bin khc, ta chuyn con tr n bin ny, bm F7, di n bin c copy bm Ctrl+F10. 66

Phn mm nhp d liu de

@ To bc nhy: n Shift+F7F2, mt bn cc bin mu hin ra, di chuyn con tr n bin cn to ri Enter, bng khung xut hin, ta dng lnh: IF (tn bin = Gi tr no khng tr li cu sau) tn bin C th copy vic to ny n cc bin khc nh F7 di chuyn n bin c copy, Enter hiu chnh ri chn Ctrrl+f10. @ Lm vic vi Form: Form l khun mu gip cho vic nhp s liu c d dng, thun li, Form phi c thit k hon ton ph hp vi bng cu hi. Dng Shift+F3, menu s hin ln, mun to Form ging bng hi, theo trt t cc bin, ta nhn Space hoc chon No ri Enter. Mun to Form khng theo trt t bin c thit lp, sau khi nhn Shift+F3 ta chn f2 hoc chn yes t hp thoi hi mu ni ln. 67

Phn mm nhp d liu de

Trong trng hp trong Form c mt vi v tr khng ph hp vi bng hi (cc bin c to ra khng ng trt t), ta nn t con tr v tr ng, to cho n 1 khong trng 2 dng, a con tr n u bin cn move i, bm F7phm mi tn sang phi+xung diEnter, a con tr ln khong trngCtrl+F10, sau chnh sa li. a con tr vo v tr bin miF8, bng mu hin ln, ta dng phm mi tn l xung dch bin cho ng v tr theo ca ta trong form.

Lu : Form mi l quyt nh cho vic nhp d liu.

@ Nhp d liu: Shift+F5F6, sau nhp tun t ht case ny n case khc.
68

Nhng u, nhc ca de
u im:
-

Mn hnh nhp chuyn dng, mi mt

C th s b kim tra c d liu

C th chuyn qua cu hi khc (to bc nhy) mt cch nhanh chng..

Nhc im:
+ Thit k form kh lu + Thao tc khng thun tin

+ Qun l bin nghim ngt, kh khn trong thay i v tr, xa.

+ Khng g c nhn bng ting Vit
69

Qun l d liu trong spss (tip)

nh ngha bin Lu d liu Nhp nhn cho bin M t gi tr khim khuyt To kiu bin chung To nh dng mu S dng khun mu
70

Qun l d liu trong spss (tip)

Chn

d liu:

+ Mu ngu nhin: Th tc Select case

M

ho li bin:

+ S cn thit: + Thao tc
To

bin mi

+ To bin mi khng iu kin

+ To bin mi tho iu kin
71

Qun l d liu trong spss (tip)

Truy

xut d liu:

+ D liu ASCII
+ D liu t bng tnh Excel

+ D liu t Foxpro
Tch Ni In

tp

tp

d liu
72

IV. Kim nh gi thit trong phn tch thng k bng cc cng c ca SPSS
S

dng th tc T Test so snh cc s trung bnh + Mu v dung lng mu + Khi nim v kim nh + tin cy + Khong tin cy + Bc t do + Gi thit, i thit + n li mt s cng thc tnh ton:
73

Kim nh gi thit trong phn tch thng k bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)
Kim

nh t 2 mu vi mt bin dng m s khng c th bc:

+ Th tc Indipendent sample T Test

Kim

nh T hai mu vi bin dng chui:

+ Th tc Indipendent sample T Test

+ Pivot, Transpose Rows and Columns

+ Mt vi nhn xt
74

Kim nh gi thit trong phn tch thng k bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)
Kim

nh t 2 mu s dng mt im gii hn lp cc nhm/t + Th tc Indipendent sample T Test + Cut point + Exclude cases listwise Kim nh T so snh cp: + Paires Samples Statitics + Paires Samples Correlation + Paired Samples Test
75

Kim nh gi thit trong phn tch thng k bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)
Kim

nh T mt mu

+ Select cases...
+ Split File

+ Th tc one sample t test

+ Option: Confident Interval
One
One

Sample Statistics
Sample Test
76

Kim nh gi thit trong phn tch thng k bng cc cng c ca SPSS (tip)
Kim

nh phi tham s

+ Cc kim nh mt mu
+ Kim nh khi bnh phng mt mu

+ Kim nh nh thc
+ Kim nh cho hai hoc nhiu mu c lp: (Kim nh Mann Whitney) (Kim nh Wilcoxon)
77