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03/01/14 1
Insecticides
Types:
Contact poison Stomach poison Fumigants
03/01/14
Contact poisons
Natural e.g. Pyrethrum, Mineral oils, Necotine Synthetic e.g. Organochlorine, Organo-phosphorus, Car amates
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Stomach poisons
e.g. Paris green, so!ium "louri!e
Fumigants
#y!rogen cyani!e, sulphur !io$i!e, car on !isulphi!e
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Insecticides contd.
DDT contd.
Contro!ersy in use: regar!e! as a potential !anger to the ecosystem "s. still an e""ecti4e insectici!e '#O research group: its sa"ety "or human use is still remains unchallenge!
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Insecticides contd.
#$C contd.
(ction-contact, more insectici!al than %%T, last "or 7 months, acts 4apour e""ect also Dose: .2-2* mg/s0. "oot
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Insecticides contd.
)alathion
'i!ely use!, least to$icity o" all organophosphorous 9ello( or ro(n li0., unpleasant smell, use! in a !oses o" -**-.** 1:;<3 mg e4ery 7 months
10
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Insecticides contd.
Pyrethrum
<egeta le origin 1Chrysanthemum Cinerariafolium) Flo(er contains: Prithrins = an! ==, Cinerins = an! ==- all > are ner4e poison
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Insecticides contd.
E&tract preparation: soa?ing - l po(!er (ith gallons o" ?erosene-). hrs. 1*.- , Pyrithrins3 Dose: 7** ml soln./-*** cu. "eet space.
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Insecticides contd.
Insecticides contd.
Insecticides contd.
)ineral oils
Berosene, cru!e oils etc. Mo!e o" action: su""ocate an! poison the a0uatic stages C""ecti4eness enhances (ith %%T etc.
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*odenticide
+rdinary care: Dinc phosphi!e, nor romi!e )a&imal care: so!ium "luorocetate Too dangaerous: Arsenic trio$i!e, Phoshorus, Thallium sulphate 03/01/14 16
Insecticides resistance
)agnitude o, the pro-lem:
e.g.. species resistance in -6>8, +- in -68., -7> in E+* an! .**@ in F**
The insectici!e resistance is stea!ily !iminishing the choice o" e""ecti4e insectici!es
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Insecticide resist.contd.
A serious pu lic health challengeG HThe !e4elopment o" an a ility in strain o" insects to tolerate !oses o" to$icity (hich (oul! pro4e lethal to the maIority o" in!i4i!ual in normal population o" the same speciesJ -'#O C$pert Committee 03/01/14 18
To&icity contd.
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To&icity contd.
To&icity contd.
Treatment: (ith ar ituates e.g pheno ar itone, stomach (ashout, use o" purgati4e ut no oilsG
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To&icity contd.
To&icity contd.
E,,ects o, poisoning:
hea!ache, restlessness, col! s(eating, sali4ation, uncontrolle! urination/!e"ecation, paralysis o" respiratory center
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To&icity contd.
Treatment
Anti!ote: atropine 1--. mg =M, can e repeate! in 7* minutes %rugs shoul! e supplemente! (ith other measuresG