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MBE 13203
Information Technology in TVET

Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Webs Resources

Chapter Topics
History of the Internet Forms of Internet communication Web entertainment E-commerce Web browsers URLs Hyperlinks

Chapter Topics (cont.)

Search engines Improving search results Evaluating Web sites Connecting to the Internet Future of the Internet

History of the Internet

Developed for secure military communications Evolved from Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960s Enabled computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other

The Web vs. the Internet

The Web is part of the Internet, distinguished by
Common communication protocols Hyperlinks
INTERNET

1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee 1993: Mosaic browser released 1994: Netscape Navigator marked beginning of the Webs major growth

WWW

Internet Communications
E-mail Instant messaging Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Group communication

E-Mail
Electronic mail Asynchronous communication Types of e-mail accounts
Client-based Web-based

Not private
Can be printed or forwarded Employer can monitor

Instant Messaging
Real-time, text-based conversations Personal and business uses List of contacts: buddy list IM software detects members presence Example: Yahoo Messenger

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Voice over Internet Protocol

VoIP: Using the Internet to place phone calls Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally Requires speakers, a microphone, an Internet connection, and a VoIP provider

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Voice over Internet Protocol

VoIP services differ:
Free services require an account on both ends Paid services connect phone to computer Cable/DSL providers offer phone through broadband Wi-Fi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks

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Voice over Internet Protocol

Advantages
Free or low cost Portability Convenience

Disadvantages
Lower sound quality Less reliability Loss of service when power is interrupted Security issues

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Group Communication
Chat rooms Newsgroups Listservs Blogs and vlogs Wikis Podcasts and webcasts Social networks

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Chat Rooms
Real-time, text-based conversations Rooms can focus on specific topics or interests or be general interest Identity protection
Username can allow anonymous interaction

Netiquette: rules of polite interaction

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Newsgroups and Listservs

Newsgroups
Online discussion forums Members post and reply to messages Create or respond to threads

Listservs
Electronic mailing lists of people interested in a topic Threads are sent as e-mails Less public than newsgroups

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Web 2.0
Web interactions between people, software, and data Social web where the user is also a participant New applications that combine the functions of multiple applications

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Blogs and Vlogs

Personal journals posted on the Web Weblogs: blogs
Primarily text-based Simple to create, read, and manage Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top Searchable

Video logs: vlogs

Digital video clips playable on media player software

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Wikis
Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content
Provide a source for collaborative writing Eliminate exchanging e-mails Track revisions

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Podcasts
Podcasts: Compressed audio or video files distributed on the Internet Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant updates for subscribers Podcasts are all over the Web
Need aggregator software to gather podcasts Need media player software to play them

Simple to create

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Webcasts
Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet
Often live Delivered to your computer Use streaming media

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Social Networks
Online personal and business networks
Examples include Facebook , MySpace, and LinkedIn

Members share common interests Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, videoconference, and blogs Growth has been explosive

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Online Storage and Backup

Anytime, anywhere access via Internet Preserves and protects valuable files Examples:
Carbonite Online PCBackup Idrive MozyHome Online Backup

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Web Entertainment
Multimedia
Involves forms of media and text
Graphics Audio Video

Streaming audio and video

Games
Multiplayer online games Interact with other players

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E-Commerce
E-Commerce: conducting business online
Business-to-consumer (B2C) Business-to-business (B2B) Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)

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Secure Web Sites

Display:
VeriSign seal Closed padlock or key icon

URL changes from http:// to https://

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Online Shopping Guidelines

Shop at well-known, reputable sites Pay by credit card, not debit card Check the return policy

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Web Browsers
Computer software Graphical Enables Web navigation Popular browsers:
Microsoft Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Apple Safari Google Chrome

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Browser Features
Quick tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser window Built-in search engine(s)

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URLs
URL:
Uniform Resource Locator Unique Web site address

URL

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Top-Level Domains
Domain Name .biz .com .edu .gov .info .int .mil .name .net .org Who Can Use the Domain Name Businesses Originally for commercial sites but can be used by anyone now Degree-granting institutions United States government Information service providers

Limited to organizations, offices, and programs that are sanctioned by a treaty between two or more nations
United States military Individuals Originally for networking organizations but no longer restricted Organizations (often nonprofits)

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Hyperlinks

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Favorites and Bookmarks

Allow you to return to Web pages
Favorites (Internet Explorer and Safari) Bookmarks (Firefox and Google Chrome)

Stay up to date
Live bookmarks (Firefox)

Organize and share

Social bookmarking sites

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Popular Search Sites

AltaVista Clusty ChaCha Complete-Planet Dogpile Excite www.altavista.com www.clusty.com www.chacha.com www.completeplanet.com www.dogpile.com www.excite.com Keyword search engine Keyword search engine that groups similar results into clusters Dont like your search results? This site lets you chat with a real live professional guide who helps you search, and its free of charge. Deep Web directory that searches databases not normally searched by typical search engines Metasearch engine that searches Google, Yahoo!, MSN Search, and Ask Portal with keyword search capabilities Subject directory of academic resources with keyword search engine capabilities Short for Roll Your Own Search Engine. Basically, this site lets you create your own search engine (searchroll) that searches just the sites you want it to search. Subject directory with keyword search capabilities Lets you rate pages thumbs up or thumbs down. As it learns your preferences, your search results improve. A great search engine for blog content

InfoMine
Rollyo Open Directory Project Stumbleupon Technorati

www.infomine.com
www.rollyo.com www.dmoz.org www.stumbleupon.com www.technorati.com

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Search Engines
User keys word or phrase into search box Spider or Web crawler program scans Web pages Results are indexed and sent to the client Different engines produce different hit lists Multimedia search functionality is also available

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Improve Search Results

Place quotation marks around keywords Search within a specific Web site Enter wildcard symbols Use the advanced search form

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What Can You Borrow from the Web?

Avoid:
Plagiarism: Representing someone elses ideas or words as your own. Copyright violation: Using another persons material for your own economic gain

Properly credit information you quote or paraphrase Obtain written permission from copyright holder

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Evaluating Web Sites

Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? Is the site biased? Is the information current? Toward what audience is the site geared? Are links available?

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Internet Clients and Servers

The Internet is a client/server network Client computer:
Users connected to the Internet Requests data and Web pages

Server computer:
Stores Web pages and data Returns the requested data to the client

Internet backbone IP addresses

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Connecting to the Internet

Dial-up connections Broadband connections
DSL Cable FiOS Satellite

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Broadband Connections
Cable
Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem Fast connection speed Speed depends on number of users Not available in all areas

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Broadband Connections
Digital subscriber line (DSL)
Uses telephone lines Faster than dial-up Doesnt tie up phone line Requires special DSL modem Not available in all areas

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Broadband Connections
Fiber-optic service (FiOS)
Sends light through fiber optic lines Faster than cable or DSL Expensive Available only in certain areas

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Broadband Connections
Satellite
Uses satellite dish and coaxial cable Slower than cable or DSL Expensive

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Wireless Access
Increases mobility and productivity Requires a Wi-Fi hotspot Requires either internal or external wireless access card for device Aircards provide wireless access through mobile devices when a Wi-Fi hotspot is not available

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Dial-Up Connections
Use standard telephone line

Tie up phone line

Require a modem to convert analog and digital signals Slowest connection speed (56 Kbps) Lowest cost

Comparing Internet Connection Options

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Future of the Internet

Large scale networking (LSN)
Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies

Internet2
Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9.6 Gbps

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Future of the Internet

Internet entrenched in daily life Web-based services for personal and professional interactions Internet-enabled appliances and systems

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What is the origin of the Internet?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How can I communicate through the Internet?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How do I communicate and collaborate using Web 2.0 technologies?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What are the various kinds of multimedia files found on the Web, and what software do I need to use them?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What is e-commerce, and what e-commerce safeguards protect me when Im online?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What is a Web browser?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What is a URL, and what are its parts?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How do I search the Internet effectively?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How do I evaluate a Web site?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

How does data travel on the Internet?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What are my options for connecting to the Internet?

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Chapter 3 Summary Questions

What will the Internet of the future look like?