DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : B.Srinivas
Designation : Senior Lecturer
Branch : Metallurgical Engg;
Institute : J.N. Govt. Polytechnic, Hyderabad
Year/Semester : VII Semester
Subject : Metal joining Techniques
Subject Code : MET- 705
Major Topic : Inspection and testing of welds
Duration : 50 Mins.
Sub Topic : Destructive testing of welds.
Teaching Aids : PPTs, Animations, Diagrams
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 OBJECTIVES

On completion of this period, you would be able to

know :

• Purpose of destructive testing of welds.

• Types of destructive testing of welds

• Salient features of destructive testing of welds.

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 RECAP
Visual inspection :
• Visually examining the weld for surface defects

Nondestructive evaluation :
• Uses various methods that do not damage the specimen

Destructive testing :
• Methods in which the weld is destroyed during the test or
to prepare the specimen

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 Destructive testing of welds
• Destructive tests are used to measure mechanical
properties and evaluate weld quality that are vital to the
satisfactory performance of the welded joint in service.

• Destructive testing use a weld joint in a conventional

testing method, such as a tensile test or shear test.

• Also carried out on samples representative of the weld

joint under review often made specially for test purpose.

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Destructive testing of welds
Types of tests :

• Tensile test
• Bend test
• Impact test
• Nick break test
• Hardness test.

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 Destructive testing of welds
Tensile test :

• Applied to samples representative of the welded joint.

• Types of tensile tests carried out to evaluate a weldment

• All weld metal test
• Longitudinal butt weld test
• Transverse butt weld test

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 Destructive testing of welds
Types of tensile tests :
All weld metal test :
• Axis of the test bar is parallel to the axis of the weld.
• Entire bar consists of deposited weld metal.

Longitudinal butt weld test :

• Direction of loading is parallel to the weld axis.
• Gauge cross section contains weld, HAZ and base metal.

Transverse butt weld test :

• Specimen is cut at right angle to the weld direction.

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 Destructive testing of welds
Tensile test (weld) specimens

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 Destructive testing of welds
Bend test:
• The Quality of the weld in terms of ductility of weld metal
and HAZ.
• Opening of defects particularly Lack of sidewall fusion,
root fusion and penetration of welded joint are checked.

Types of tests :
• Free bend test
• Guided bend test
• Controlled bend test

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 Destructive testing of welds
Bend test :

Further classified as :

• Transverse bend test

• Longitudinal bend test

• Side bend test

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 Destructive testing of welds
The Bend test

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 Destructive testing of welds
The Bend test

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 Destructive testing of welds
Impact test :

• To study the behavior of welded structures under

dynamic loading.

• The notch may be placed with its root in the weld, the
fusion boundary or the HAZ.

• Mostly charpy specimens with U-notch or V-notch of

proper dimensions are used.

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 Destructive testing of welds
Nick break test :

• Involves breaking the weld joint to examine the fractured

surfaces for internal defects such as
• Gas pockets
• Slag inclusions
• Porosity

• Also determines weld ductility and the degree of

fusion.

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 Destructive testing of welds
Nick break test
Test procedure :
• A 20 mm wide strip is cut at right angle to the weld axis
• Make a saw cut down the centerline of the weld 3 to 6
mm deep.
• The specimen is then placed upright on two supports and
force is applied on the weld either by a press or
by a hammer until fracture occurs.
• Visual examination of fractured surfaces is carried out to
find defects.
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 Destructive testing of welds
Nick break test

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 Destructive testing of welds
Hardness test :
• Provide information about the metallurgical changes
caused by welding.

• Indicate whether the correct welding technique and pre

and post heat treatments have been carried out.

• Indentations are made in the specific areas of interest,

including the weld centre line, face or root regions of the
deposit, the HAZ and the base metal.

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 SUMMARY

• Purpose of destructive testing of welds.

• Types of destructive testing of welds

• Salient features of destructive testing of welds.

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 QUIZ

1) Axis of the test bar in All weld metal test is

a) parallel to the axis of the weld

b) perpendicular to the axis of the weld
c) none of the above

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 Frequently asked questions

1) State the purpose of destructive testing of welds.

2) List the types of destructive testing of welds

3) State the salient features of any three destructive

testing of welds.

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Thank you

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