Comparative Education (Educational Philosophy)

UK, France, Germany, USA, Canada and Japan

School (and Education

School comes from schola (Latin) and schole (Greek), which means a place to foster curiosity and interest among children and nature them. Education comes from the Latin word educo. Educo means to draw out, lead out, march out, to foster. place where children are to study teaching and fostering By comparing educational systems and philosophy we can see the entity of education more clearly.

Table 1: International Ranking of PISA Scores in 2003

OECD PISA (2003) Knowledge and Skills for Life 2

International Ranking of PISA Scores Reading Mathematical Scientific Problem Solving

Ranking
1 2 3 4 5 6 :
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Literacy
Finland South Korea Canada Australia Lichtenstein* New Zealand Japan

Literacy
Hong Kong* Finland South Korea The Netherlands Lichtenstein* Japan

Literacy
Finland Japan Hong Kong* South Korea Lichtenstein* Australia

Skills
South Korea Hong Kong* Finland Japan New Zealand Macau*
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Music day: Group Harmony and Strength A family-based Grade Group in School Education The Gakunen family has a great significance in daily educational activities in all schools in Japan.

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Teachers are taking care of school children every morning in Japan

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 School Lunch Feeding Programs at Elementary Schools

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Family- oriented group harmony& competition in Japanese schools

Nakane (1984) states that an organizational structure based on the vertical principle appears more pronouncedly in well-established, large institutions with a higher degree of prestige. This vertical integration supported by group harmony and solidarity is the source of the stability of the organization, which seems the strength and harmony of the Japanese people.

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Extra-curricular activities after school Junior high (Age 13-15), Senior High (Age16-18)

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The Preamble of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the Union in the Constitution of the European Union (2004)

The peoples of Europe, in creating an ever closer union among them, are resolved to share a peaceful future based on common values. universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity: The Union contributes to the preservation and to the development of these common values while respecting the diversity of the cultures and traditions of the people of Europe

European Citizenship Education

The kernel of citizenship in the European Union lies in sharing and ensuring the common values of human rights and obligations, freedom, equality, autonomy and solidarity as peace-loving citizens within the framework of liberal democracy in diverse societies. The European citizenships declare that the Union respects the diversity of the cultures and traditions as well as each national and cultural identity.

The European educational initiatives:

* The European Exchange Program for Young Workers * Erasmus is the established project for encouraging exchange and mobility among EU member states for students in the university sector. * Comett is a project intended to improve technical training, especially in the new technologies, by placing students and young workers

Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union

In the European Union education is the responsibility of Member States; European Union institutions play a supporting role. According to Art. 149 of the Treaty of Amsterdam, the Community shall contribute to the development of quality education by encouraging cooperation between Member States, through actions such as promoting the mobility of citizens, designing joint study programs, establishing networks, exchanging information or teaching languages of the European Union. The Treaty also contains a commitment to promote life-long learning for all citizens of the Union.

Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union

The EU also funds educational, vocational and citizenship-building programs which encourage EU citizens to take advantage of opportunities which the EU offers its citizens to live, study and work in other countries. The best known of these is the Erasmus program, under which more than 2,000,000 students have taken part in interuniversity exchange and mobility over the last 20 years. Since 2000, conscious of the importance of Education and Training for their economic and social objectives, EU Member States have begun working together to achieve a set of 13 specific goals in the field of Education. This is referred to as the Education and Training 2010 program. By sharing examples of good policy practice, by taking part in Peer Learning activities, by setting benchmarks and by tracking progress against key indicators, the 27 Member States aim to respond coherently to common challenges, whilst retaining their individual sovereignty in the field of Education policy. The European Union is also a partner in various inter-governmental projects, including the Bologna Process whose purpose is to create a European higher education area by harmonizing academic degree structures and standards as well as academic quality assurance standards throughout EU Member States and in other European countries.

Education system in UK

UK: 11-year compulsory education

Primary School (Age 5-11) (22800 schools) State school Comprehensive School (Age 11-16) (3450 schools) State school Grammar School (Age 11-18) (232 schools) College-bound State school In education in the United Kingdom , a grammar school is a secondary school attended by pupils aged 11 to 18 to which entry is controlled by means of an academically selective process consisting, largely or exclusively, of a written examination . After leaving a grammar school, as with any other secondary school, a student may go into further education at a college or university.

Public School (Age 13-18) (2409 schools ) (Elite oriented private school )

(Fostering fair play spirit, mission and leadership through boarding life) A public school, in common British usage, is a school which is usually prestigious and historic, which charges fees, does not arbitrarily restrict admissions, and is financed by bodies other than the state, commonly as a private charitable trust. Often but not always they are boarding schools. Confusingly to a non-native English speaker a public school is actually a private school! In British usage, a governmentrun school (which would be called a 'public school' in other areas, such as the United States ) is called a state school. (Fair play, Boarding, mission and leadership)
http://www.learnenglish.de/culture/educationculture.htm

Education in UK
Educational systems are different in England, Scotland,
Wales and Northern Ireland.

Topic study started from Oxfordshire and it influenced

Integrated Studies in public schools in Japan.

GCEA (General Certificate of Education Advanced Level) Education Reform Act in 1988 to activate national curriculum and national assessment Disordered class in cities (economic disparity, broken family, dense population, multicultural confrontation, bullying, material consideration) The challenge of Principal Sharon In 2000 Mentors

Education in France

Education in France
Children learn 26 hours a week and go to school 157 days (Japan: 200 days, Germany: 185-220 days) School does not monopolies education but France support 10 year compulsory education from 6 to 16. The three principles of French public Education 1) Acquisition of basic liberal education and culture 2) Participation in social and vocational activities 3) Families and local communities support basic academic achievement and citizenship Excellent ecole maternelle ecole primaire and college Baccalaureat (qualification for higher education)

Basic Structure of the Education System The Federal Republic of Germany

Education in Germany Pflicht (Education is Parents right, duty and love for their children) Die elterliche Pflicht und die elterliche Liebe Hauptschule (from 5th grade to 9th grade) Realschule ( technical school for 6 years) Gymnasium (College-bound school from 5th grade to 13th grade, form 10 years old to 18 years old)

Education in Canada

JOINT DECLARATION PROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL MINISTERS OF EDUCATION

Learn Canada 2020 The vision of Learn Canada 2020 is Quality Lifelong Learning Opportunities for All Canadians. Learn Canada 2020 recognizes the direct link between a well-educated population and (1) a vibrant knowledge-based economy in the 21st Century, (2) a socially progressive, sustainable society, and (3) enhanced personal growth opportunities for all Canadians.

FOUR PILLARS OF LIFELONG LEARNING Early Childhood Learning and Development All children should have access to high quality early childhood education that ensures they arrive at school ready to learn. Elementary to High School Systems All children in our elementary to high school systems deserve teaching and learning opportunities that are inclusive and that provide them with world-class skills in literacy, numeracy, and science. Postsecondary Education Canada must increase the number of students pursuing postsecondary education by increasing the quality and accessibility of postsecondary education. Adult Learning and Skills Development Canada must develop an accessible, diversified, and integrated system of adult learning and skills development that delivers training when Canadians need it.

Education in Canada
IN CANADA, education is the responsibility of each province and territory. The Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC) is an intergovernmental body founded in 1967 by ministers of education to serve as a forum to discuss policy issues a mechanism through which to undertake activities, projects, and initiatives in areas of mutual interest a means by which to consult and cooperate with national education organizations and the federal government an instrument to represent the education interests of the provinces and territories internationally All 13 provinces and territories are members. CMEC provides leadership in education at the pan-Canadian and international levels and contributes to the fulfillment of the constitutional responsibility for education conferred on provinces and territories. Council of Ministers of Education, Canada

Education System in Canada

The Canadian education system encompasses both publicly funded and private schools, from kindergarten through to preuniversity. Education is a provincial responsibility under the Canadian constitution, which means there are significant differences between the education systems of the different provinces. However, standards across the country are uniformly high. In Canada there are 10 provinces and three territories, each with their own way of organizing education. Education is regulated by each separate provincial government through the individual ministries of education. The ministries of education oversee smaller bodies called boards of education or district school boards (such as the Toronto District School Board), which oversee the individual schools. http://www.hrpakistan.com/countrydetail.php?cid=8&flag=2

USA

Japan

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