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A K Shrivastava. Executive Director Railway Board Rajesh Agarwal Geo-technical Engineering Directorate RDSO
Introduction
Geo textile / Geo synthetics a Polymer based product of Polypropylene, Polyester, PVC, Polyamide, Polyethylene Various types of Geo synthetics Geo textiles Geo grids Geo nets Geo cell Geo membranes Geo composites Prefabricated Vertical Drains (Band Drains)
Functions of Geosynthetics
Geo-synthetics improve mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of formations Basic functions of geo-synthetics: Separation Filtration Drainage Reinforcement Barrier Basal Layer
Formation Rehabilitation
Application In Railway
New Constructions Dedicated Freight Corridors High Speed Corridors. Heavy axle loads / high speed railway track require stable track formations. Geo-synthetics can help to avoid repeated maintenance and provide stable railway formation Need to be designed as per site boundary condition
Construction of RE Embankment
Firm Soil
11
12
At km 54/043 near bridge no 162 in Udhampur yard, embankment constructed with 35 m height .
Due to space constraint and close proximity of irrigation canal and Tawi river at the bottom of hill, not possible to provide designed slope of 2.5H : 1V. RE slope was constructed with Uniaxial Geogrid of slope of 1.5 H : 1V.
Why do the Industry should develop customized geo synthetics for railway track formation application?
Railway Loading are different: Cyclic Vibrations Effects Traction (mainly Electrical) Seismic Effects when train is running Impact loading Maintenance of track should not be infringed by geo-synthetics Rehabilitation methods after completion life cycle of geo-synthetics
FORMATION REHABILITATION
Methods available for formation rehabilitation such as aluminium alloy girder, Track dismantling method, With manually operated portals, With c. c. crib & rail clusters (SE Railway Method), With rail clusters (Eastern Railway Method), Lifting of track with deep screening, Fully mechanized methods. Above methods are tedious in alternative method need to be explored. operation,
With
Geotextile were tried over 12 no. of different sites all over Indian Railways in 80s and a compilation report State of the Art Use of Geotextile in Railways, Nov. 89 was prepared by RDSO giving recommended specification of geo-textile for track formation. Trials of geo-jute along with blanket layer have been done in Eastern Railway but not added strength to blanket layer. Geo-jute can improve only drainage properties.
Geo-grid was tried in Cuttack Paradeep section for track construction over soft soil and design of geo-grid reinforced embankment, retaining wall and on bridge approach in JammuUdhampur section, N .Rly (RDSO Report no. GE-13 &14, May.1997.
Geo-grid in IR
Biaxial geogrid has been used in South Central Railway, Northern Railway (Polypropylene strength 30 kN/m with aperture size of 61mm x 61mm) for formation rehabilitation. Field observations on SCR & NR indicate improvement in overall track performance after the application of geogrid.
Geo-grid + Geotextile on IR
NF Railway has tried use of Geo-grid (Polyester based knitted & coated with strength of 40 kN/m & aperture size of 25mmx25mm) in combination of geo-textile and sand layer for formation rehabilitation. The performance report of the trial section is satisfactory. For low density routes, geotextile along with sand layer and brick soling has been used in Sitamarhi Darbangha project, ECR.
Issues involved
Geo-synthetics being used on many world railways. American Railways Use of geo-synthetics is on experimental basis and specific to the nature of problem. Specification of geosynthetics is in draft stage. Australian Railways specify use of geotextile and Geogrid for reconditioning/ rehabilitation of existing track (Draft guideline). UIC European Railways UIC consist of different railways. Their loading conditions are different for different railways and based on the soil type. It is recommendatory in nature
FOR INDUSTRY
Geo-synthetics can find its use in railway application for track bed stabilization, track drainage, erosion control, interface protection, construction over soft soil, steep slope construction, mud pumping, etc. There is need to develop cost effective easy to lay geo-synthetics for application in construction of new formations & rehabilitation of existing formations for running of heavy axle loads and high speed trains. IR look forward active participation of industry in this sector.
THANKS