ACDS SE Trg Program

•Lets know the three types of

drilling we commonly come
across !!!

Rotary Drilling
Top Hammer Drilling
DTH Drilling

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Drilling Methods
Descriptive of the Energy Source

• Rotary Drilling
– RPM X Torque
• DHD (DTH) Drilling
– Energy X Frequency
• Top Hammer (Drifter)
– Energy X Frequency

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Rotary Drilling

• Softer formations
• Unconsolidated formations
• High Weight On Bit
• High Drill rod RPM
• Larger than 7-7/8”
– Bearing limits
• Low air pressure
– Flushing power only

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Top Hammer (Drifter) Drilling

• Small holes
– <5-1/2”
• Shallow holes
– <80 feet
• Deviation
– Small rod
– Poor stabilization

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Down hole Drilling

• High pressure air

• >3-1/2” hole
• Straight holes
• Hard rock
• Good energy transfer
– Impact close to rock
• Low WOB
• Low RPM

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Rotary Drilling

Rotary drilling

–Bearings limit bit life

–Slow penetration in
hard rock

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Top Hammer Drilling ( Drifter )

•Top hammer drilling

–Bestin hole sizes
25–102 mm
–Hole cleaning can
be a problem
–Hole deviation >
3%

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Top hammer vs. DTH

4–6% energy loss in each joint with Top hammer method.

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Consequence of deviation

• Hole deviation is 1 – 1.5 % in DHD whereas in Top

Hammer the hole deviation could be as high as 6%.
• This results in
• Bad fragmentation – Reduced productivity
• A safety factor - Flying rocks
• Increased tooling cost - Stress on drill string Hole
depth limited only by the back pressure.
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DTH
,! Drilling : The optimum choice

• Hole sizes 100-219 mm

• Hole depths >10 m
• Demand for straight holes
• Request for good hole quality
• In broken and fractured ground
• High availability and utilisation is a request
• Demanding drilling conditions
• Optimum method in hole size 100-219 mm
• DTH the best method of all in this hole range

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 DTH Drilling

Efficient energy transmission

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Deep holes
• 5%- 10% faster compare with rotary
and core drilling

• Application for deep holes

– Oil& Gas
– Water well
– Geothermal wells
– Pilot holes for core drilling
– Pilot holes for raise boring

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Good hole quality

* Large OD of drill tube

- Keeps hole walls stable

* Lots of air
- Efficient hole cleaning
- Less re-drills

* Flush drill string

- Less risk of getting stucked

* Straight holes

* Easy charging

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Simple technique

• Easy field service

• Quick service and rebuilding of hammer

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Low noise level

• Most of the noise comes

from the compressor
• Can be used in urban
areas with limited restrictions
• Can be used in confined spaces
• Wholesome for the operator

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MUD DRILLING

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 Mud drilling
A. Forward Circulation
B. Reverse Circulation

Bits Used
1.Drag bit
2.Rock Roller bit
a.Steel tooth
b.T.C .tipped bit

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 Bailing Velocity=
183* CFM
D2-d2

Recommended bailing velocity

For hammer drilling------3000 to 7000 ft/min
For Mud drilling-----------70 to 120 ft/min

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 The face of interaction

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