You must find out the meanings of the keywords below and make a table to show your findings:

Mains supply, Electricity meter, Consumer unit, Fuse bo , !ing main circuit, "i#e wire, $lternating current, %eutral wire&
Keyword Picture Description

ICT task

'tarter
(hat are the these signs telling you

Chapter )& Mains Electricity

*ideos
4 (hat electricity can do to you:

http:++www&youtube&com+watch,#-ut)F"ykw%E

'afety #ideo http:++www&youtube&com+watch,#-I0eg12ty23

(hen it goes wrong

'pot the danger

Task

List the parts of a plug Include a description of materials and colours. Which parts are insulators and conductors.

Electrical 'afety
The wires which carry electricity consist of two parts: The metal wires

The plastic coating round the metal wires

The 3-pin Plug

Most electric cables normally contain three wires The li"e wire. The neutral wire. The earth wire. !ach of these three wires ha"e different colours of insulation.

Two pin plug

The li"e wire. The neutral wire. The earth wire.

The Plug
#ou ha"e to remember the names$ colours$ positions and %obs
Colour of Wire Name of Wire Job of Wire Carries current into the appliance Carries current away from the appliance 2re#ents electrocution

1rown 1lue Yellow + 3reen stripes

"i#e %eutral Earth

!lectrical &afety
'ppliances ha"e three safety de"ices The fuse. The earth wire. The switch. &top you from being electrocuted and to pre"ent the appliance from being damaged.

' fuse is a thin piece of wire which will melt when too much current passes through it. !)ample ' 3' fuse will melt when the current is greater than 3'. When a fuse has blown$ the wire inside it has melted.

The (use

The Fuse
5raw a circuit diagram of a circuit including a battery, a bulb and a fuse& (rite a description of what will happen to the bulb when the current goes too high& (rite an e planation for why the bulb goes out&

Fuse wire practical

You are going to find out which the current needed before each of the fuse wires 6blows7&

The !arth Wire

The earth wire is needed for appliance with metal casing. If a fault causes li"e wire to touch casing then appliance becomes *li"e+.

,asing is attached to earth wire$ current increases$ fuse melts.

5ouble insulation
Modern appliances use insulators such as plastic as casings, rather than metal, this is so that the user can not get electrocuted

!esidual Current Circuit 1reakers 8!CC19

Measure current in and out & If different the !CC1 will shut down the circuit&
E plain why the !CC1 works faster than a fuse to protect a circuit&

(hat is wrong with these images

2ractical $cti#ity
Follow the worksheet to wire a three:pin plug& DO NOT PUT YOUR P U! "NTO # $OCK%T

5raw a labelled diagram of the inside of the plug& (rite a description for the ;ob of each wire& 5raw a labelled diagram of the inside of the plug&

Task
(ork through the worksheet: 1e safe with electricity < 1e safe with electricity =

Re&ision You must be able to answer t'e followin( )uestions*

<& (hat is the colour of the earth wire in a plug, =& (hich wire should go through the fuse, >& (hat is the colour of the neutral wire in a plug, .& (hat safety features are there to stop you getting electrocuted , ?& @ow does a fuse work,

@eating effect of current&

$s we saw from the fuse wire practical as you pass current through a wire with high resistance heat is gi#en out& This is used in many household appliances such as toaster, hair dryer and e#en light bulbs&

Power

Think about...

&tudy the table below. -ecide which crane is the most powerful.
Crane %ame Frippatron Enobulk Total (eight lifted 8%9 =AAA =BAA Time taken 8mins9 <AA =AA

(rite a sentence to e plain your answer

2ower @ow much work something does $%5 @ow 0uickly it does it C the rate

Electrical 2ower
Electrical appliances work to con#ert electrical energy into a useful energy& (rite down the type of energy that each of these appliances produce& 3i#e > more e amples of appliances con#erting electrical energy& E plain the role of an electrical appliance in terms of energy&

(att is the unit of power,G

Dames (att <)>E : <B<F

Calculating Power
The rate at which a device converts electrical energy is the POWER.
Hnit of 2ower is watts 8(9 of kilowatts 8k(9 <k( - <AAA(

Calculating Power
Current and Voltage affect what happens and how quickly it happens. ow!

2ower - current 8$9

#oltage 8*9

E ample: (hat is the power of a hairdryer that uses >$ at a #oltage of =>A*,

2-I

* - >$ =>A* - EFA(

"anaging Power
# higher power rating will need a larger current.
5iscuss: (hy does an electric cooker 8=AAA(9 need thicker wires than a table lamp 8EA(9,

2ractical $cti#ity
1uild a circuit to measure the current and #oltage needed to work a small electrical motor& !epeat for different bulbs&

5raw a circuit diagram of your circuit and measure current and #oltage&

Calculate power&
2redict what will happen to the readings of #oltage and current for the motor to mo#e faster&

Independent $cti#ity
2ower Calculations worksheet < 2ower Calculations worksheet =

Re&ision You must be able to answer t'e followin( )uestions*

(rite full sentences to answer the following 0uestions <& If an appliance has thick wires what does this tell you about the current it uses, =& (hat does the word rate mean, >& Two hairdryers run on =>A* mains, one is labelled >$ and the other is labelled .$& E plain which has the greater power&

!ecap
$ plug must be fitted with the correct fuse for the appliance& 5ecide which fuse rating should be used for each appliance in the table below& Choose from >$, ?$, <>$& #ppliance Tumble 5rier Table "ight Electric Iettle Electric Fire Current Used +#, E&? A&? <= F

!ecap
'pot the danger

@omework
Make a list of safety instructions about handling electricity& Include pictures to help show what you are telling people