The electric energy system of the future

Contents
Introduction Origin of the term smart grid Definition Features Smart power generation Advantages and Disadvantages Future prospects Conclusion

Introduction
Basically the grid is a unidirectional system of electric power transmission, electricity distribution and demand driven control.
In the 20th century local grids grew overtime, and were eventually interconnected for economic and reliability reasons. Actually the growing demand led to increasing number of power stations

and in parallel growing concerns over environmental damage from fossil fired power stations has led to a desire to use large amounts of Renewable Energy Sources. So the need for the more sophisticated control systems become apparent to facilitate the connection of sources to a highly controlled grid. Finally the emerging technology called as SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY came into existence which can satisfy all the energy demands and give the fruit full result.

Origin of the term Smart Grid

The power grid started in 1896, based in part on Nikola Teslas design published in 1888 but recently in the past 50 years, electricity networks have not kept pace with modern challenges. So the concept of smart grid came out.

Definition
A Smart Grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses analogue or digital information and communication technology together and act on information.
It can be more clearly defined as , An electricity network that can be intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electrical supplies.

Features
Load adjustment Demand response support Greater resilience to loading Price signalizing to consumers Modernizes both transmission and distribution When power is least expensive a smart grid could turn on selected home appliances such as washing machines or factory processes that can run at arbitrary hours.

Smart power generation

Its a concept of matching electricity production with demand using multiple identical generators which can start , stop and operate efficiently at chosen loads independently of others.
It should be suitable for both base load and peaking power generation. Matching supply and demand called load balancing is essential for a stable and reliable supply of electricity.

Operators of power transmission systems are charged with the balancing task, matching the power output of all the generators to the load of their electrical grid. The load balancing task has become more challenging as increasingly variable generator such as wind turbines and solar cells are added to the grid forcing other products produces to adapt their output much more efficient than their past.

The purpose is to provide dynamic generation capacity to meet sudden and unexpected drops in the electricity supply.

Advantages
Self healing Consumer participation Resist attacks High quality power Accommodate generation options Enable electricity markets Optimize energy assets

Disadvantages
It is too expensive Harm public health Diminish privacy

Future prospects
It allows for the optimized energy flow to reduce losses and lower the cost of energy It allows for the integration of communication and control across the energy system to increase safety and operational flexibility. It allows for the integration of electric vehicles to reduce dependence on hydro-carbon fuels. It allows for active consumer participation to enable far better energy conservation.

Conclusion
Definitely in future smart grid will connect every one to abundant , affordable , clean , efficient and reliable electrical power any time and any where. It will offer the world the best and most secure electric services. Hence we can conclude that this technology improves the economy of our country by reducing electrical losses.