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RURAL COMMUNICATION
Rural Communication has recently emerged as a
key concern for communicators of both profitoriented corporations exploring rural areas to expand marketing their products, as also by those in social service institutions trying to reach social (especially) health related messages in rural, tribal and far-flung areas in the countryside.
RURAL COMMUNICATION
There are a number of factors that make rural messages
effective.
Media is of two types :
Mass Media Traditional (non-conventional) Media
KEY CONCEPTS
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS MODEL As can be clearly seen from the mode, a sender sends (an encoded) message, using a selected media, which the receiver receives after having decoded it (so as to be properly understood). The receiver (or the target audience responds back to sender (of the messages), to whom this response also works as a feedback on his message/media.
It is also apparent from the model that much of the message could go waste as noise. This could happen due to several reasons. The messages having not been encoded properly; inappropriate selection of media; improper messages; messages not having been decoded properly. The net effect is that the senders message do not reach, the target audience, or having reached it may mean nothing, or atleast not meaning what it is intended to have been communicated.
EFFECTIVE MESSAGES
A major challenge for rural communicator is how to make the communicated messages effective. The message must be meaningful to the rural consumer. Message decisions need to take into account the following aspects for their effectiveness : Languages Pictorial Presentation Message Form The effective communication to rural consumer should be : utilitarian, & narrative Source of the message Credibility of the source is critical for rural markets. Context Association Associations create interest, hold attention and provide meaning.
MEDIA COMMUNICATION
It is important to understand the media that is being adopted by the rural marketers. The forms of media used are of two types :
Mass Media (Conventional Media) Including television, radio, print, cinema/theatres, word of mouth, video on wheels. Traditional Media (Non-Conventional Media) Including puppetry, folk theatres, demonstrations, Melas, wall paintings, post cards, posters, etc.
MEDIA EFFECTIVENESS
Effectiveness of the media to be used for rural communication is important. Factors that affect media effectiveness are :
Audience Profile Media Preferences Channel and Programmes viewed Media Viewing & Listening Behaviour
Rural communication is best applied when it follows a participatory approach, involving participation of rural audience.
MEDIA EFFECTIVENESS
AUDIENCE PROFILE Rural audiences are exposed to mass media, and can be easily reached, and young male members are majority viewers of television. MEDIA PREFERENCE Traditional media can be more effective with rural audience. Interpersonal communication (IPC) was ranked most effective, followed by TV/VCR, print media, and then radio. CHANNELS AND PROGRAMMES VIEWED
MEDIA VIEWING AND LISTENING BEHAVIOUR Television programmes in rural areas like DD-1, etc is very popular. Radio is a popular media in rural markets, especially Vividh Bharti, etc. Household subscription to newspapers is low. But newspaper is read at common gathering/meeting place, tea shop.
APPROPRIATE COMMUNICATION MIX Needs to be used giving priority to local promotional tools over advertising, as advertising in rural areas is marked by selective attention and retention. Usually 70:30 is recommended. TAILOR-MADE COMMUNICATION Ad messages should be modified to suit to regional requirements, in order to counter linguistic, social and cultural differences. USE OF PUBLICITY VANS / ANIMALS Especially in remote/tribal and hilly areas.
To be effective, communication requires the understanding of ideas, desires, cultures and observations of people. Communication is a two-way swap that involves both a presenter and an audience. Communication includes written and non-verbal behaviors as well as speaking, and has as its goal to affect the knowledge or behavior of another.
Urban commonunity
They are educated.
Language is common.
No need to struggle for effectiveness of
communication. They are self dependent. They can take their own decisions
Urban Media
There are a number of factors that make urban
messages effective as its more developed. Media types : Mass Media Social networks When you walk out the door Events/Gatherings Family Online Mall
Mass Media
TELEVISION
WALL PAINTINGS
DIRECT MAIL
BANNERS PLACED ON Buildings PUPPETRY CONTESTS TO PROMOTE THE PRODUCTS AUDIO-VISUAL Ads STALLS AT LOCAL FAIRS
Communication sources
Materials - Emails, Essay/Papers, Resume,
Application (neatness) Image Apparel, Hygiene, Hair Style, Hands, Shoes, Pictures, Avatar Non-Verbal Body Language, Eyes, Legs, Posture, Eye Brows, Smile, Listen dont hear, Cultural Awareness Verbal Tone of voice, Vocabulary Words, Diction, Pronunciation in selective environments Online Blog, Website, Facebook, Twitter, Google, Youtube,
40% physical & 30% vocal) 95% of text messages exchanged by teens have an emoticon in them 73% of teens bought a handset because they saw their friends using it