Weather Influence on Apple Production at Batu, Malang City

By : Trisnawati

ACADEMY METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS JAKARTA

Introduction Apple Weather in Batu, Malang City Comparison Analysis Conclusion

Batu city is located in East Java, Indonesia. Formerly it was a part of Malang regency, but in 2001 Batu became an independent city legalized by Act of 2001.It is : - 7,44 55,11" up to 8,2635,45" South altitude - 122,17 10,90" up to 122,57 00,00" North altitude It is 202,800 Km2 or about 20,280 ha in width. Batu city is divided into 3 subdistricts :Batu, Bumiaji and Junrejo. The subdistricts are further divided into 24 villages. It is the one of famous tourism places in East Java with agricultural and amazing mountain view. So that its called the real tourism city of Indonesia by Bappenas.

In Latin language is Malus domestica. Apple is an annual fruit comes from West Asia in subtropical area. The most planted in the world are Rome Beauty, Anna, Manalagi and Wangli. Batu Malang, East Java is the one of apple big distributor. Apples tree is a small tree with 3 -12 m of high and a lot of branch.

Could grow at 700 1200 m MSL Optimum growth at 1.000 1.200 m MSL Climate: 1. Ideal rain fall = 1.000 2.600 mm/year. 2. 6 7 wet month and 3 4 dry month 3. 50 60 % sun shine/day 4. 16 27 C 5. 75 85 % of humidity Media : 1. Latosol,Andosol or Regosol. 2. Crumb soil, good porosity ,air circulation, good absorption. 3. Enough water (not too wet). 4. 6 -7 for soils pH.

It is at 800 3000 m MSL. Andosol. It is : - 7,44 55,11 up to 8,26 35,45 south altitude - 122,17 10,90 up to 122,57 00,00 north altitude It is surrounding by mountain. The temperature is about 21,5 C. Maximum temperature is about 27,2 C. Minimum temperature is about 14,9 C. Relative humidity is about 86 %. Maximum humidity is about 97 % Minimum humidity is about 37 % Rain fall is about 2471 mm/ year.

NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

VARIABLE High Rainfall Temperature Humidity Soil

REQUIREMENT 700 1200 m MSL 1000 2.600 mm/ year 16 27 C 75 85 % Latosol, Andosol or Regosol

FACT 800 3000 m MSL 2.471 mm / year 21,5 C 86% Andosol

N YEAR O
1 2 3 4 5 1991 1993 1994 1998 2008

TEMPERATURE (C)
22,9 28,3 22,96 28,6 22,56 26 23,8 27,3 22,97 28,6

N O 1 2

YEAR 1999 2009

HUMIDITY (%) 16 - 27 20 - 31

2009

23,6 27,5

Source : Staklim Karang Ploso, Malang

NO 1 2

YEAR 1980 2009

WIDTH 2.015 ha 600 ha

AMOUNT OF TREES 5,64 million 2,506 million

APPLE PRODUCTION 72.000 ton / year 24.625 ton / year

NO 1
2 3

KIND OF FOREST Protecting Forest

Productive Forest Conservative Forest

WIDTH 3.099,6 ha
3.118,2 ha 5.009,6 ha 11.227 ha 5.900 ha

TOTAL DESTROY

Source : Batu City Goverment

From the comparison slide: Batu, Malang City has appropriate requirement to cultivate apple in huge numereous.

From the analysis slide : The increasing of temperature and humidity, decreasing of farming land and the bad of soils condition are the causes of decreasing apple production.

Batu City is the one of the biggest apple distributor. It has good appropriate requirement to cultivate apple in huge numereous. Climate change, decreasing farming land make the decreasing of apples quality and quantity. Weather take a big part on agricultural.

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