USING THE COLLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING (CSR) STRATEGY TO IMPROVE ELEVEN GRADERS' READING COMPREHENSION

Galuh Pramananda E1D110102 (kami.gcdf@gmail.com)

Introduction

Discussion

Theoretical Framework

CSR in reading comprehension

Conclusion

Appendix

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
Reading comprehension, a most essential academic skill, continues to challenge a wide number of high school students. It is a thinking process that requires an active interaction with the text, by initiating two independent skills:
language knowledge, and identification of key elements and the way its associated together in the text.

INTRODUCTION
Reading comprehension is a critical skill for high students with disabilities. Many high school educators are not adequately equipped to provide reading instruction. This brief introduces Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) strategy, developed by Janette K. Klingner and Sharon Vaughn in 1999.

Theoretical framework

What is reading comprehension?

Reading comprehension is the act of understanding what you are reading. It is an intentional, active, interactive process that occurs before, during and after a person reads a particular piece of writing. There are two elements that make up its process: vocabulary knowledge and text comprehension.

Teaching Reading Comprehension Teaching reading comprehension was viewed as a mastery of concept of reading, such as:
identifying words, finding main ideas, identifying cause and effect relationships, comparing and contrasting, and sequencing.

Its major goal is to help students become competent and enthusiastic reader.

Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) Strategy

CSR is a reading comprehension practice that combines two instructional elements:

modified reciprocal teaching (Palincsar & Brown in Bremer et al., 2002), and cooperative learning or student pairing (Johnson & Johnson in Bremer et al., 2002).

CSR consists of four comprehension strategies that students apply before, during, and after reading in small cooperative groups.

discussion

DISCUSSION
CSR can be implemented in two phases:
teaching the strategies, and cooperative learning group activity or student pairing.

Phase 1. Teaching the Strategies Four strategies:

Preview is used before reading the entire text for the lesson, and wrap up is used after reading the entire text for the lesson. The other two strategies, click and clunk and get the gist, are used multiple times while reading the text, after each paragraph.

Phase 2. Cooperative Learning Group or Student Pairing

Once students have learned and developed the four strategies in teacher-led activities, they are ready to apply CSR in their peerled cooperative learning groups. Some teachers find it easier to have students work in pairs and that has also proven to be a successful practice.

Procedure outline:
Set the stage Materials
Assign students into group of 4-5 Assign role: leader, clunk expert, gist expert, announcer Reading material (at students level) Clunk cards (contain fix-up strategy) Cue cards (outline procedure) Learning log (documenter & guider) Timer (optional) Score card (optional)

Process

Whole class instruction Cooperative group activity Whole class wrap up strategy

Teachers role
During the cooperative group activity, the teachers role is to:
circulate among the groups, clarifying clunks, modeling strategy usage, modeling cooperative learning techniques, redirecting students to remain on-task, and providing assistance.

Video(s)

Appendix (text)
The Rats and The Elephants Once upon a time their lived a group of mice under a tree in peace. However, a group of elephants crossing the jungle unknowingly destroyed the homes of all the rats. Many of them were even crushed to death. Then taking of rats decided to approach the elephant's chief and request him to guide his herd through another route. On hearing the sad story, the elephant's king apologized and agreed to take another route. And so the lives of the rats were saved. One day elephant-hunters came to the jungle and trapped a group of elephants in huge nets. Then the elephant king suddenly remembered the king of the rats. He summoned one of the elephants of his herd, which had not been trapped, to go seek help from the king and told him about the trapped elephants. The rat's king immediately took his entire group of rats and they cut open the nets which had trapped the elephant's herd. The elephant herd was totally set free. They danced with joy and thank the rats.

Appendix (cue card)

Brainstorm: What do you already know about Predict: What do you think you will learn by this topic? reading this passage?

Clunks: Please list your Clunks.

The Gist (main idea): Write the Gist of the section you read.

Make questions: Make questions about main Review: Write something important they ideas. learned.

Appendix (learning log)

Brainstorm: What do you already know about Predict: What do you think you will learn by this topic? reading this passage?

Clunks: Please list your Clunks.

The Gist (main idea): Write the Gist of the section you read.

Make questions: Make questions about main Review: Write something important they ideas. learned.

Appendix (clunk cards)

Clunk Card #1 Reread the sentence with the clunk and look for key ideas to help you figure out the word think about what makes sense!

Clunk Card #2 Reread the sentences before and after the clunk looking for clues!

Clunk Card #3 Look for a prefix or suffix in the word that might help!

Clunk Card #4 Break the word apart and look for smaller words that you know!

Question(s)??

conclusion

conclusion
Collaborative Strategic Reading is an approach that works well in mixed-ability classrooms and helps students improve their reading comprehension. CSR can be implemented in a subject-area classroom, such as science or social studies, to improve student comprehension of expository text.

conclusion
It takes time to teach the CSR strategies, but students benefit is by developing skills enabling them to better understand the material in their reading assignments. An additional benefit is the development of skills related to working in groups.

The end