COLLAPSE PRESSURE

For Minimum Collapse Failure in the Plastic Range with Minimum Yield Stress Limitations:

Applicable D/t Span

API GRADE H-40 casing and tubing K-55 casing and J-55 tubing C-75 casing and tubing L-80 and N-80 casing and tubing D/T RATIO SPAN 16.40 and less 14.81 and less 13.60 and less 13.38 and less

C-90 casing and tubing

C-95 casing, X-95 drill pipe, and T-95 casing and tubing

13.01 and less 12.85 and less 12.57 and less 12.44 and less
12.11 and less

P-105 tubing P-110 casing

Q-125 casing

For Minimum Failure in the Plastic Range:

Factors and Applicable D/t Span

API GRADE A B C D/T RATIO SPAN

H-40
J-55 and K-55 C-75 and E L-80 and N-80 C-90 C-95 P-105 P-110 Q-125

2.950
2.991 3.054 3.071 3.106 3.124 3.162 3.181 3.239

.0465
.0541 .0642 .0667 .0718 .0743 .0794 .0819 .0895

754
1206 1806 1955 2254 2404 2702 2852 3301

16.40 to 27.01
14.81 to 25.01 13.60 to 22.91 13.38 to 22.47 13.01 to 21.69 12.85 to 21.33 12.57 to 20.70 12.44 to 20.41 12.11 to 19.63

For Minimum Failure in Transition Zone Between Plastic and Elastic Range:

Factors and Applicable D/t Ratio Span

API GRADE H-40 J-55 and K-55 C-75 L-80 and N-80 C-90 F 2.063 1.989 1.990 1.998 2.017 G .0325 .0360 .0418 .0434 .0466 D/T RATIO SPAN 27.01 to 42.64 25.01 to 37.21 22.91 to 32.05 22.47 to 31.02 21.69 to 29.18

C-95
P-105 P-110 Q-125

2.029
2.053 2.066 2.106

.0482
.0515 .0532 .0582

21.33 to 28.36
20.70 to 26.89 20.41 to 26.22 19.63 to 24.46

For Minimum Failure in the Elastic Range:

Applicable D/t Span

GRADE H-40 J-55 and K-55 C-75 L-80 and N-80 C-90 C-95 P-105 P-110 Q-125 D/T RATIO SPAN 42.64 and greater 37.21 and greater 32.05 and greater 31.02 and greater 29.18 and greater 28.36 and greater 26.89 and greater 26.22 and greater 24.46 and greater

For Minimum Failure in the Elastic Range:

Applicable D/t Span

GRADE H-40 J-55 and K-55 C-75 L-80 and N-80 C-90 C-95 P-105 P-110 Q-125 D/T RATIO SPAN 42.64 and greater 37.21 and greater 32.05 and greater 31.02 and greater

Yp = Minimum Yield Strength

GRADE H-40 J-55 and K-55 C-75 L-80 and N-80 C-90 FACTORS IN PSI 40,000 55,000 75,000 80,000 90,000 95,000 105,000 110,000 125,000 135,000

29.18 and greater 28.36 and greater 26.89 and greater 26.22 and greater 24.46 and greater

C-95 P-105 P-110 Q-125 S-135

Where: = Minimum collapse pressure in psi D = Nominal outside diameter in inches P = Nominal wall thickness in inches

Collapse Pressure Under Axial Tension Stress:

Minimum collapse pressure under axial load can be determined from tables in API Bul 5C2, 20th Edition, 1987.

INTERNAL PRESSURE
Internal Yield Pressure (Casing, Tubing and Drill Pipe - Minimum Wall)

Where: Pl = minimum internal yield pressure in psi D = nominal outside diameter of pipe in inches t = nominal wall thickness of pipe in inches Yp = specified minimum yield strength in psi Internal Pressure of pipe at 80% of Minimum Yield: (Also: Maximum Formation Fracturing Pressure)

Internal Pressure of Coupling

Where: S = 80% of Yp for mill test pressure and for maximum fracturing pressure S = 100% of Yp for internal yield pressure W (W1 for special clearance) = outside diameter of coupling d1 = thread root diameter of coupling at end of pipe in power-tight position

For round thread casing and tubing couplings:

Where: T = Included taper on diameter Other symbols are listed in API Std. 5B.

For buttress thread casing couplings:

Where: T = Included taper on diameter l = 0.400 in. for 4-1/2 in. OD l = 0.500 in. for 5 in. through 13-3/8 in. OD l = 0.375 in. for 16 in. OD and larger Other symbols are listed in API Std.5B. Internal Pressure Leak Resistance:

Where: P = internal pressure, psi E = 30 x 106 T = thread taper Np = #. of thread turns make-up p = thread pitch W = coupling OD Es = E1 for round thread Es = E7 for buttress thread

JOINT STRENGTH
Round Thread Casing
The following equations apply to both short and long threads and couplings. One is for failure by fracture and the other is for failure by thread jumping or pullout; the lesser of the resulting values is listed as the joint strength. Fracture Strength:

Pullout Strength:

Pj = minimum joint strength in pounds Ajp = cross-sectional area of the pipe wall under the last perfect thread, in square inches. Ajp = 0.7854 [ ( D - 0.1425)2 - d2 ] D = nominal outside diameter of pipe in inches d = nominal inside diameter of pipe in inches L = engaged thread length in inches L = L4 - M for nominal make-up, as listed in API Std. 5B Yp = minimum yield strength of pipe in pounds per square inch Up = minimum ultimate strength of pipe in pounds per square inch

D 4 - 1 /2 5 5 - 1 /2 6 - 5 /8 7

*.74 D 0.59 .30467 .28631 .27066 .24251 .23476

7 - 5 /8
8 - 5 /8 9 - 5 /8 10 - 3/4 11 - 3/4 13 - 3/8 16 18 - 5/8 20

.22321
.20756 .19455 .18226 .17295 .16022 .14415 .13179 .12636

Buttress Thread Casing

For casing with buttress threads, two formulas are used; one is for the strength of the threaded pipe and the other, for the coupling. The lesser of the values obtained by the two formulas governs. Pipe Strength:

Coupling Thread Strength:

Pj = minimum joint strength in pounds Ap = cross-sectional area of pipe, in square inches, 0.7854 ( D2 - d2 ). Ac = cross sectional area of coupling, square inches 0.7854 ( W2 - d12 ). D = outside diameter of pipe in inches d = inside diameter of pipe in inches d1 = diameter at the root of the coupling thread at the end of the pipe in the power-tight position W = outside diameter of coupling, inches Yp = minimum yield strength of pipe in pounds per square inch Up = minimum ultimate strength of pipe in pounds per square inch Uc = minimum ultimate strength of coupling in pounds per square inch

TENSION YIELD LOAD

Drill Pipe and Round Thread Tubing
Yield strength values for round thread tubing and drill pipe are determined as the product of the specified minimum yield strength for the steel grade and the area of section under the root of the last perfect thread of the pipe or of the area of the body of the pipe, whichever is smaller. Non-Upset Tubing:

External Upset Tubing and Internal and External Upset Drill Pipe:

Pj = minimum joint strength in pounds D = nominal outside diameter of pipe in inches d = nominal inside diameter of pipe in inches h = height of thread in inches h = 0.05560 in. for 10 threads per inch h = 0.07125 in. for 8 threads per inch L = L4 - M for nominal make-up, as listed in API Std. 5B Yp = specified minimum yield strength of pipe in pounds per square inch. Values are listed elsewhere.