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Agenda
Overview & Introduction to Workflow Develop Workflow using PL/SQL functions, APIs Directory Services & Workflow Administration
Oracle Workflow
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Objectives
At the end of this session participants will be proficient in the following areas of Oracle Workflow: Architecture, Features and Benefits of using the Oracle Workflow in a business environment Creating & Customizing Workflows with PL/SQL functions & APIs. Modifying the Workflow to implement Directory Services & administering the workflow by changing its setups.
Oracle Workflow
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Content
Agenda Objectives Contents Architecture of Oracle Workflow Defining & Implementing for a Business Processes Features & Benefits of Oracle Workflow Components of Oracle Workflow Workflow Concepts & Terminology Using Oracle Workflow Builder Designing Workflow Process & Sub-process Using Quick Start Wizard Conclusion Exercises Quiz
Oracle Workflow
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What is Workflow?
Various tasks you perform throughout the day are part of larger tasks, that involve several steps and several people working together. For example, when you enter an invoice, you are really kicking off an approval and payment process: someone else reviews and approves it, and a third person submits payment to the vendor. The term Workflow refers to this larger process. Almost all the business processes that are defined in Oracle Applications involve workflow. Processes, that involve multiple users and the routing of data between the users are termed as Workflows
Oracle Workflow
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WF Examples
Workflows not only help in automating the business processes but also improve efficiencies, productivity and identify bottlenecks in the systems for process re-engineering. Workflow typically eliminates the job tasks associated with controlling paper flow, and frees people who once performed clerical functions to do more meaningful work. When properly managed, workflow enables you to monitor the work your organization is doing and how it is being done. It facilitates continuous process improvement.
You can also gauge how your underlying business is changing. As changes occur, you are well positioned to respond promptly and proactively implement new business processes.
Oracle Workflow
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Workflow is Essential
Workflow enables continuous process improvement Complete process representation Crosses organizational, company boundaries Build in management metrics, performance goals Adaptable workflow processes Provides alternatives Allows for refinement Analyze time and costs of entire processes with multidimensional analysis Reducing costs and time
Oracle Workflow
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Requires visual overview of business processes You can only fix what you can see Visual documentation of the business process
Oracle Workflow
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WF Examples
Simple WF can be like a Leave request approval, Training enrollment to complex WF, can automatically approve of purchase requisition, creation and approval of Purchase orders, defaulting account of numbers in various expense, asset, variance accounts.
Oracle Workflow
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Workflow Components
Workflow typically consist of 4 Rs Rules Roles Routings Real Time
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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WF lets you provide each person with all the information they need to take any action.
WF can route supporting information to each decision maker in a business process.
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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More on Workflow ?
Business processes revolve around routing information to various users through a set of constantly changing rules. The flow of information is governed by various conditions, checking for outcome of the previous steps.
Integrated through access via Web browser and widely used email systems, allows attachments and URLs
An established process of routing will be subject to continuous monitoring and routing Each organization follows a different set of business practices.
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Tracks the responses from the users and accordingly acts on it.
Enables people to receive E-Mail notifications Allows incorporation of custom packages and procedures E-Mail integration of choice. Internet enabled workflow allows you to view Workflow notifications through any Internet browser. One can also monitor the processes through a browser.
Oracle Workflow
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Advanced processes like looping, parallel flows, response tracking, branching into sub-processes based on responses are also possible.
Since it is integrated with Oracle Database, it can make full use of PL/SQL to express any business rule.
Oracle Workflow
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Workflow Architecture
Web Notification Worklist
Directory Services
Advanced Queuing Users Roles
Web Monitor
Mail Applications
Notification Mailer
End-User Client
Oracle Workflow
Application Server
Oracle Server
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Oracle Workflow
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At any time you can add, remove, or change workflow activities, or set up new pre-requisite relationships among activities.
A navigation tree structure allows summary view as also allows expanding activities within the workflow as needed to greater levels of detail. Oracle Workflow Builder can be used from a desktop PC or from a disconnected laptop PC.
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle 8 or higher
Oracle Workflow
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Notification Systems (1 of 2)
Oracle Workflow lets you include users in your workflows to handle activities that cannot be automated, such as approvals for requisitions or sales orders. Electronic notifications are routed to a role, which can be an individual user or a group of users. Any user associated with that role can act on the notification. Each notification includes a message that contains all the information a user needs to make a decision.
Oracle Workflow
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Notification Systems (2 of 2)
The information may be embedded in the message body or attached as a separate document. Oracle Workflow interprets each notification activity response to decide how to move on to the next workflow activity.
Web users can access a Notification Web page to see their outstanding work items, then navigate to additional pages to see more details or provide a response.
Oracle Workflow
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Viewing Notifications
Oracle Workflow
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Viewing a Notification
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Message: The message may request the performer, the role receiving the message to do some work or may simply provide information. Each notification carries a message with it which is the actual text of the notification
Performer A user/role assigned to perform a particular (human) activity. Generally, assigned to a notification
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Process Activity Process Activity: A process activity represents a collection of activities in a specific relationship. When a process activity is contained in another process it is called a sub-process. In other words, activities in a process can also be processes themselves. There is no restriction on the depth of this hierarchy. Activity contain suprocesses, notification and functions.
Oracle Workflow
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Persistence Type
Persistence Type : Permanent, Temporary and Synchronous When you define an item type, you must also specify its persistence type. The persistence type controls how long a status audit trail is maintained for each instance of the item type. If you set Persistence to Permanent, the runtime status information is maintained indefinitely until you specifically purge the information by calling the procedure WF_PURGE.TotalPerm( ). If you set an item types Persistence to Temporary, you must also specify the number of days of persistence. The status audit trail for each instance of a Temporary item type is maintained for at least n days of persistence after its completion date. After the n days of persistence, you can then use any of the WF_PURGE APIs to purge the item types runtime status information.
Oracle Workflow
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While creating WFs developer can load Roles from the database by connecting to the database.
Performer ( recipient) must be assigned to a Notification Node activity. The performer can be a designated role or an item type attribute that dynamically returns a role. To assign a performer to a role, you must initially load the roles from your Oracle Workflow database into your Oracle Workflow Builder session. Oracle Workflow Directory Services uses following views to access the roles definition WF_USERS WF_ROLES WF_USER_ROLES
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Business Event
An event activity represents a business event from the Business Event System within a workflow process. Include event activities in workflow processes, to model complex processing or routing logic for business events beyond the standard event subscription options of running a function or sending the event to a predefined agent. An event activity can either receive, raise, or send a business event.
Oracle Workflow
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Events
A business event is an occurrence in an internet or intranet application or program that might be significant to other objects in a system or to external agents. For instance, the creation of a purchase order is an example of a business event in a purchasing application. You can define your significant events in the Event Manager.
Oracle Workflow
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Function activity
A function activity is defined by the PL/SQL stored procedure or an external program that it calls. Function activities are typically used to perform fully automated steps in the process. As a PL/SQL stored procedure, a function activity accepts standard arguments and can return a completion result.
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Create a new item type. This classifies the work item to be managed by your process. Define item type attributes
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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To initiate an instance of a workflow process, you need to specify: A unique item key for the process instance. A userdefined key that you want to use to identify the process. The name of the process to test. An optional process owner. Values for any item type attributes associated with the item type of the process. The Workflow Monitor Activities List for your initiated process instance appears. The Activities List displays the status of the activities that have been executed. You can also select the View Diagram button to display the status of the process graphically in the Workflow Monitor.
Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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Oracle Workflow
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To apply a seed data upgrade to a database from an input file : wfload <username/password@database> <input_file> To upload process definitions from an input file to a database, type: wfload u <username/password@database> <input_file>
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Conclusion
By now students would be knowing : The concepts of a Workflow Realized its advantage in automating and monitoring Business Processes and the flexibility that it provides. Features of Oracle Workflow 2.6 Components of Oracle Workflow Components of a Workflow General Workflow terminology Designing a Workflow using Quick-Start Wizard
Oracle Workflow
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Exercises
Scenario 1: Send a notification along with a message to the client about the project status. Attributes: Project Code (Text), Project Completion Date (Date) & Project Status(Text)
Oracle Workflow
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Exercises
Scenario 2: Show selection of employees for a particular project based on skill set of required level. Create a Lookup type with Oracle Apps and SAP as two transitions whereby different skill sets are assigned to message texts. Attributes: Skill Set Message Text
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q1. What executes a workflow processes? a) Workflow Builder b) Workflow Monitor c) Workflow Engine d) All of the above Q2. What is the tool to develop workflow process definitions? a) Workflow Wizard b) Workflow Engine c) Workflow Builder d) None of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q3. What does Oracle use to deliver process-related messages to the users? a) Workflow Builder b) Workflow Notification System c) Workflow Engine d) All of the above Q4. How many attribute data types are available in a Workflow? a) 8 b) 6 c) 10 d) None of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q5. What is the use of Lookup Types and Lookup Codes? a) Make decision on the basis of activity b) Create a link between two activities c) Provides user with a List of Values d) None of the above
Q6. How many Rs are available in Oracle Workflow? a) 3 b) 5 c) 4 d) None of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q7. What are the standard function activities required for any Workflow? a) Begin & End b) First & Last c) Start & End d) None of the above Q8. What is the use of a Workflow Monitor? a) Audit the Workflow b) View the Result of the Workflow c) Check the progress of the Workflow d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q9. Why are function activities required ? a) To perform an automated unit of work b) To define a PL/SQL stored procedure c) Follows Standard API method d) All of the above
Q10. What is the use of a Workflow definition loader a) Opening & Saving definitions in both database and file b) Is tightly integrated into Oracle Workflow Builder c) Contains Process Definitions d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q11. What is a Process Activity in a Workflow? a) Collection of various activities in a specific relationship b) Can consist of multiple sub-processes c) Depicts the Hierarchy of various activities & processes d) All of the above
Q12. What does a Business Event comprise of? a) Describe abstract datatypes b) Define Events & Event Groups c) Raise Events d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q13. Process window is visible only if there is at least one process. Oracle Workflow cannot be saved if no process exists in Workflow definition? a) True b) False
Q14. Performer of a Notification is a required value that can be dynamically set at run-time but should be set immediately when workflow is started? a) True b) False
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q15. Workflow definition files can be saved in a readable file format? a) True b) False Q16. Workflow monitor is a capability given to all users to ensure that they can check the status of their workflows? a) True b) False
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q17. Notification will send mails to everyone associated to responsibility that has been attached as performer in the workflow. All the users must see it so that workflow can proceed forward? a) True b) False Q18. An Item is a specific process or transaction managed by WF process. Item Type will always have same set of attributes? a) True b) False
Oracle Workflow
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Quiz
Q19. For an activity to be initiated after completion of a previous activity it requires a Transition to connect them? a) True b) False Q20. For a user to respond to a notification, the message should contain an Attribute of source called respond. ? a) True b) False
Oracle Workflow
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Answers
The answers are : Q1. Answer C Q2. Answer C Q3. Answer B Q4. Answer C Q5. Answer A Q6. Answer C Q7. Answer C Q8. Answer C Q9. Answer D Q10. Answer D Q11. Q12. Q13. Q14. Q15. Q16. Q17. Q18. Q19. Q20. Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer D D B B A B B A A A
Oracle Workflow
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