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=
3) Substitute the SA formula into the
Volume formula, to replace y.
2
2
54 2
3
x
V x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
2
V x y =
2 4
54 2
3
x x
V
x
=
2 4
54 2
3 3
x x
V
x x
=
3
2
18
3
V x x =
Differentiation
You need to be able to recognise
practical problems that can be solved by
using the idea of maxima and minima
9C
Example Question
A large tank (shown) is to be made from 54m
2
of
sheet metal. It has no top.
Show that the Volume of the tank will be given
by:
3
2
18
3
V x x = x
x
y
b) Calculate the values of x that will give
the largest volume possible, and what this
Volume is.
3
2
18
3
V x x =
2
18 2
dV
x
dx
=
2
18 2 0 x =
2
18 2x =
3 x =
2
54 2 3 x xy = +
3
2
18
3
V x x =
3
2
18(3) (3)
3
V = 3
36 V m =
Differentiate
Set equal to 0
Rearrange
Solve
Sub the x value in
Differentiation
You need to be able to recognise
practical problems that can be solved by
using the idea of maxima and minima
9C
Example Question
A wire of length 2m is bent into the shape
shown, made up of a Rectangle and a Semi-circle.
x
y
y
a) Find an expression
for y in terms of x.
1) Find the length of the semi-circle,
as this makes up part of the length.
2= 2y x +
2
x t
+
x
2
2 2
2
x
x y
t
=
1
2 4
x x
y
t
=
Rearrange
to get y
alone
Divide by 2
Differentiation
You need to be able to recognise
practical problems that can be solved by
using the idea of maxima and minima
9C
Example Question
A wire of length 2m is bent into the shape
shown, made up of a Rectangle and a Semi-circle.
x
y
y
a) Find an expression
for y in terms of x.
1) Work out the areas of the
Rectangle and Semi-circle separately.
b) Show that the Area is:
(8 4 )
8
x
A x x t =
xy
2
2
2
x
t
| |
|
\ .
Rectangle Semi Circle
2
2 r t
2
2
4
x t
2
8
x t
1
2 4
x x
y
t
=
Differentiation
You need to be able to recognise
practical problems that can be solved by
using the idea of maxima and minima
9C
Example Question
A wire of length 2m is bent into the shape
shown, made up of a Rectangle and a Semi-circle.
x
y
y
a) Find an expression
for y in terms of x.
1) Work out the areas of the
Rectangle and Semi-circle separately.
b) Show that the Area is:
(8 4 )
8
x
A x x t =
xy
Rectangle Semi Circle
2
8
x t
1
2 4
x x
y
t
= A= xy
2
8
x t
+
A=
1
2 4
x x
x
t
| |
|
\ .
2
8
x t
+
A=
2 2
2 4
x x
x
t
2
8
x t
+
A=
2 2
2 8
x x
x
t
(8 4 )
8
x
A x x t =
Replace
y
Expand
Factorise
Differentiation
You need to be able to recognise
practical problems that can be solved by
using the idea of maxima and minima
9C
Example Question
A wire of length 2m is bent into the shape
shown, made up of a Rectangle and a Semi-circle.
x
y
y
a) Find an expression
for y in terms of x.
1) Use the formula we have for the
Area
b) Show that the Area is:
(8 4 )
8
x
A x x t =
1
2 4
x x
y
t
=
c) Find the maximum
possible Area
(8 4 )
8
x
A x x t =
2 2
2 8
x x
A x
t
=
1
4
dA x
x
dx
t
=
2
1 0
8
x
x
t
=
8 8 2 0 x x t =
4 4 0 x x t =
4 4x x t = +
( )
4 4 x t = +
0.56 x =
2
0.28 A m =
Expand
Differentiate
Set equal to 0
Multiply by 8
Divide by 2
Factorise
Divide by (4 + )
Summary
We have expanded our knowledge of
Differentiation to include stationary
points
We have looked at using maxima and
minima to solve more practical problems