TEACHERS (responsible for guiding students who are

due to leave school or college

LOCAL CAREER ADVISERS EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES/BUREAUX NOTICE BOARDS (outside business premises) ADVERTISEMENTS (newspapers, magazines, trade
journals

COMPANY NEWSLETTERS INTERNET AND OTHER ELECTRONIC METHODS PRESENT EMPLOYEES (people who already work for
the organization

ADVERTISEMENT (Study the advertisement for a

vacant position carefully to decide if it looks as of it is the kind of job that really interests you)

JOB DESCRIPTION (It is a common practice for

employers to send job applicants a copy of the job description to inform them about the job)

JOB SATISFACTION (Refers to how enjoyable you find

the work you do. Although wages are important, job satisfaction must also be considered)

PERSONAL TASTE (Your own personal taste and

interests should influence the kind of job you will apply for) Ask yourself the following questions: What work do I enjoy doing most?
What skills do I have that I enjoy using? Do I prefer working with others or alone? What are my long-term career aspirations?

TRAINING AND QUALIFICATIONS (Many employers

give their workers opportunities for additional training, which not only makes them better workers but also increases their prospects for promotion)

PROMOTION OPPORTUNITIES (Try to be clear on

where the job you find of interest could eventually lead)

SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFITS (Be sure that the

salary paid is what you are worth and that it can also cover living costs and travel expenses) Some jobs offer fringe benefits such as: Subsidized meals
Company services or products at discount prices Free private medical care Use of company vehicle Free work clothing

SALARY The amount paid for the done and the responsibility that comes with the job FRINGE BENEFITS Extra rewards that are not part of the normal salary

HOURS OF EMPLOYMENT OR VACATION

(The hours you will be expected to work will be important. Organizations use different systems such as band time, core time or flexible time) (Vacation arrangements are also a factor to be considered when choosing employment. It is not only the number of weeks vacation that is important, but also when they can be taken. Some firms operate a ROTA system while others operate a SHUT DOWN system)

ACCESSIBILITY IMAGE

(Where the job is situated is important. If you have to travel too far, the cost and time involved can be restrictive) (Some people are influenced by the public image of the organization. Satisfaction is sometimes obtained from working for a well-known organization)

LETTER OF APPLICATION
First-Hand (Letter must be handwritten neatly on plain paper) Gives the employer information to show that the applicant is worthy of being taking to the next stage of the process (interview) Letter should be accurately keyed, and have the correct punctuation and grammar Should emphasize the skills and abilities that are relevant to the job

QUESTIONS TO ASK
Is the letter laid out in the correct accepted format? Is the handwriting neat or the keying accurate Is the wording clear and spelling , punctuation and grammar correct Does the content of the letter contain the kind of information that will impress the employer Is it clear what skills and other qualities you have to offer

UNSOLICITED LETTER
A letter that has not been invited May be sent to a number of organizations to enquire if there are any vacancies available Letter must be carefully worded in order to try and sell the applicant to the prospective employer Similar to the letter of application, except it clearly states what type of employment the applicant is interested in

APPLICATION FORM
Contain some basic requirements Should be completed by filling in the blank spaces provided, preferably with a black pen Should be read carefully to understand the information required Attention must be paid to any special instructions (e.g.
Block Capitals)

Qualifications List these if they are known. If awaiting exam

results, indicate on the form and the name of the subjects Employment All employment details must be listed. If the applicant has just graduation high school/college with no employment history, any part-time employment or volunteer work may be listed

REFERENCES
The applicant may be required to provide the name of two or more references REFERENCES someone who knows you well and will give a statement to indicate your suitability for employment A reference needs to be someone of a good position, and who knows of your academic ability or have experience of the applicant in a working situation The applicant should always tell the reference(s) that he/she is putting their name and address and be sure that it is agreed upon

CURRICULUM VITAE/RESUME
An informative recent relevant history of the applicant Gives the applicant the opportunity to demonstrate that he/she can organize personal information in a structured and logical manner Allows the applicant to include information that an application form does not allow Should be precise and to the point

Should include the following: Name, Address, Phone

number, Date of Birth, Education and Training, Career History and Achievements, Qualifications and Extracurricular Activities

APPLICATIONS FOLLOW-UP
If the applicant does not receive a response to their application two to four weeks after sending it, he/she may telephone or write again to ensure that the application was received

The applicants enquiry should be polite but confident

If the applicant is not successful in a job application, he/she may write a carefully worded unsolicited letter at least six months after the first letter to show further interest in joining the organization

TIPS (BEFORE THE INTERVIEW)

Do a little homework about the job you applied for (Basic information about
organization, services) products or

Use your common sense about the clothing you will wear

Know exactly where the interview will take place. Plan the journey so that arrival is in a good time

Memorize the name of the person that is to be seen

The applicant should take the letter of invitation to the interview

TIPS (DURING THE INTERVIEW)

The applicant should offer to shake hands or take the offer from the interviewers. Firm handshake should be utilized Only sit down when invited to do so Do not smoke, even if invited to do so Try to be relaxed and confident, but not overfamiliar Concentrate fully on what the interviewer is saying Be prepared to answer questions. If a question is not understood, do not hesitate to ask for clarification Ask some sensible questions when invited to do so

SAMPLE QUESTIONS (INTERVIEWER)

Why are you interested in this job? Why do you think you are suitable for this job?

Do you prefer to work with others or alone?

What are your long-term goals? What hobbies or interests do you have? What kind of books do you read?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS (INTERVIEWEE)

What does the job involve? What are the hours of work? When would I be expected to start work? What are the vacation arrangements? How much salary will be paid? How frequently are wage payments made? Will training be given? What are the opportunities for promotion? Are there any fringe benefits connected with the job? When will it be known if I have gotten the job?

A test that is specifically designed to access how suitable the applicant is for a job Does not necessarily have right and wrong answers

May show that the applicant is not suitable for the job applied for, but is better suited for another aspect of employment
Can result in the applicant being offered a job other than the one that was applied for

If the applicant is successful and selected for the job following the interview, he/she will be sent a letter offering the job A Letter of Acceptance is required to be sent confirming that the successful applicant intends to take up the appointment If the successful applicant does not wish to accept the job, he/she should phone and send a Letter of NonAcceptance Once the job is accepted, the applicant will receive a Contract of Employment which tells he/she the terms under which he/she is employed.

When a successful applicant begins the new job, they will be provided with a STAFF HANDBOOK that will give guidance An Induction Programme may also be done, which aims at helping the successful applicant become familiar with the new job and colleagues The successful applicant may also be attached to an experienced worker who will teach him/her about the work required to be done.

The successful applicant may also be given a period of time to work in a number of different departments of the organization so that he/she can learn the work of others before starting his/her job

Sometimes TRAINING is paid for by the employer and carried out in the employees own time Training may also be done via On-The-Job Training which involves learning new skills and gaining experience in the working environment Training may also be on via Off-The-Job Training which provide skills through attending courses outside the organization

When an employee wishes to resign from a job, he/she must warn the employer in writing in advance to allow the employer time to find a replacement. The period of time allowing the employer to find a replacement is called a NOTICE. The length of Notice that the employer and employee must normally give is contained within the Contract of Employment

If an employer wishes to dismiss an employee, he/she must give the employee a notice in order for he/she to find another job If the employee have been found guilty of a serious misdemeanor, he/she can be instantly dismissed DISMISSAL is a situation where an employee is sacked or sent home where there is good reason to do so.

Occurs when the job an employee has been doing is no longer required by the organization The employee who has been made redundant may receive compensation, although this will depend on how long he/she has been employed by the organization

If an employee is unfairly dismissed from his/her job, the following actions can be taken: Ask your professional organization (union) to guide you in what action you should take Make an appeal to an industrial tribunal who will decide if the employee has been unfairly dismissed. If so the tribunal may: Tell your employer to reemploy you Order the employer to pay you compensation