Why Bearing

Relative motion between two surface Friction

Consumption of more energy Less friction, less consumption of energy

To minimise friction BEARING required

FRICTION
Friction is the resistance to motion of two surfaces in contact.

Gliding friction

Rolling friction

Rolling friction is lower than gliding friction

 To reduce friction man invented WHEEL

With the beginning of industrial revolution the idea came how to reduce the friction of motion of a wheel on a shaft The idea end with the born of bearing

Rolling Bearing
The rolling bearing operates on the basic of rolling. This bearing consists of following main component 1) Rolling element 2) Inner ring 3) Outer ring 4) Cage

Rolling Bearing
Inner Ring
Cage Rolling element

Outer ring

Rolling Bearing Types

Rolling bearing are distinguished by the rolling elements

Ball Bearing

Roller bearing

 Roller bearing are further subdivided accordingly to the form of roller a)Cylindrical Roller (carry radial load) b) Taper Roller (Carry axial & radial load) c) Needle Roller (Carry radial load) d) Spherical Roller (Compensate misalignment between shaft & housing Carry axial & radial load)

Roller bearing types

Ball Bearing Types

1) Deep groove ball bearing (groove in both inner & outer rings) a) One groove = Single row b) Two Groove = Double row 2) Angular contact ball bearing (The load is carried from one ring to other at an angle) 3) Spherical ball bearing

Rolling Bearing sub types

Radial Bearing & Thrust( axial ) bearing Bearing used to take up load across the shaft are called radial bearing Bearing used to take load which act along the shaft are called axial or thrush bearing

Radial rolling Bearing

Used to take load which act across the shaft

Thrust Bearing
Used to take load which act axial on the shaft

Sub types of Thrust Bearing

a) Thrust ball Bearing b) Angular contact thrust ball bearing c) Cylindrical roller thrust bearing d) Taper roller thrust bearing e) Spherical roller thrust bearing f) Needle roller thrust bearing

Internal Clearance
Total distance through which one bearing ring can be moved relative to other under zero load

Movement in radial direction is called radial internal clearance Movement in axial direction is called radial internal clearance

The internal clearance will vary from bearing type to bearing & type to type. The most common clearance is NORMAL(no suffix)

Suffix C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

Internal Clearance Smaller than C2 Smaller than normal Normal Greater than normal Greater than C3 Greater than C4

Why Internal Clearance?

Shaft is slightly larger than bore of inner ring & when the bearing is mounted the inner ring will be expanded & the space available for rolling element will reduced , which is accommodated by the internal clearance. Steel will expand with increase temperature which is compensated by internal clearance.

Bearing Tolerance
Tolerance is the permissible deviation from the normal dimensions
Standard Normal P6 P5 P4 SP (special Precision) UP(Ultra precision)

High Precision Quality

Bearing Lubrication.
Why Bearing lubrication 1) To protect against corrosion 2) To reduce wear 3) To prevent inter-metallic contact between rolling element & cage Normal operating condition grease is used for bearing lubrication In some special case oil is used as a lubrication Lubricating properties deteriorate with time so lubricate must therefore changed from time to

Bearing Designations
Bearing designations will describe Bearing type Bearing size Deviation from normal execution The first digit used for bearing type The second & third digit indicates dimension series ,the second digit indicates the width series & the third digits indicates the diameter series The last two digit indicates the bore diameter in mm.

 For bearing with bore diameter between 20 & 490 mm the bearing bore diameter is obtained by multiplying the two last digit by five. For bearing with bore diameter greater than 490 mm the bore diameter is directly indicated after an oblique (511/500) Special coding applies for bearing with bore diameter less than 20 mm.

Bearing Designation
First Digit:- Code for Bearing type Ex. 3 =for taper roller bearing
Bearing Type
Angular contact ball bearing double row Self aligning ball bearing Spherical roller Deep groove ball bearing double row Deep groove ball bearing single row Angular contact ball bearing single row Cyllindrical roller bearing Four point contact ball bearing Taper roller bearing Thrust ball bearing Cyllindrical roller thrust bearing

Code
0 1 2 4 6 7 N QJ 3 5 8

Bearing Designation
Second Digit :- Width series (o)

Third Digit :- Diameter series( 2)

 Last two digit :- Bore Diameter (05) Bore diameter = 5*5= 25 mm

Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Deep groove ball bearing are most frequently used in almost all kind of application Can carry axial as well as radial load Inner Ring Cage Rolling element Outer ring

Self aligning Ball Bearing

Self aligning ball bearing permits minor angular misalignment of the shaft relative to the housing. Suitable for application where misalignment can rise from errors in mounting or shaft deflection Have low friction Used for radial load application

Angular Contact Ball Bearing

The line of action of load forms an angle with the bearing axis These bearing are therefore suitable for carrying combined axial & radial load. They are used in high speed & high load application. Application example :-Machine tool spindle,gear box etc

Cylindrical Roller Bearing

Have high load carrying capacity. It can used in heavy radial load & high speed operation Used in engineering field

Spherical Roller Bearing

It is self aligning . Compensate the misalignment between shaft & housing. Addition to radial load the bearing can accommodate axial load also. Used in general & heavy engineering application

Taper Roller Bearing

Taper roller bearing suitable for carrying combined (radial & axial) load. Bearing with higher contact angle can carry higher axial load. Application are wheel bearing for car 7 truck.

Cylindrical Roller Bearing

Suitable for application where radial space is limited. Can carry radial load. Used in domestic application,agriculture,machine tools etc

Maintenance
Used correct tools for bearing mounting (assembly) & dismounting Use correct lubrication oil & grease for bearing lubrication Bearing not to be removed unnecessarily from the original package To avoid bearing may get dirty by dust or dirt. Bearing to be protected for longer period by rust prevention film