3G and 4G Wireless Advances and Challenges

Suresh R. Borkar Adjunct Faculty !e"t o# $C$ %ll %nstt. o# &ech. suresh'o(hot)ail.co) A"r *4 +,,1

SRB 041406 ver1

3G and 4G Wireless Advances and Challenges

Where are .e/ 3G Wireless Su))ary Where do .e Want to go/ $volution to Sea)less 0et.orking 4G Wireless Challenges

&he one .ho stays still is le#t 'ehind

2

SRB 041406 ver1

Where are We?

Classic Wireline 1aBell 2u'lic S.itched &ele"hone 0et.ork 32S&04
5S 5niversal coverage achieved early *67,8s 9Wireless: First Generation Analog Syste)s S"eech A12S &ACS Second Generation !igital Syste)s $nhanced Ca"acity C!1A !;A12S &!1A GS1 !$C& 2!C +.< Generation Syste)s =o. S"eed !ata G2RS $!G$ &hird Generation Syste)s 9%0&$R0$&: on Wireless WiFi>?y"er=A0 @;A Wi1AB>?y"erWA0 @;A C!1A+,,,>WC!1A $volution to All %2 0et.ork including Co%2

SRB 041406 ver1

Representative Wireless Standards

GS1>&!1A
&i)e !ivision 1ulti"leDing 'ased access

C!1A
Code !ivision 1ulti"leDing 'ased access

EF!1
Erthogonal FreFuency !ivision 1ulti"leDing

1any toys to "lay .ith

4

SRB 041406 ver1

!"A#$!"A

$re&'enc( !%,ain

$re&'enc( 1 $re&'enc( 2 . . . $re&'enc( n $re&'enc( 1 $re&'enc( 2 . . . $re&'enc( n

sl%t 1 Circ'it Circ'it

sl%t 2 Circ'it Circ'it

...

Sl%t n Circ'it Circ'it !%)nlin* +ath

Circ'it Circ'it Circ'it

Circ'it Circ'it Circ'it

Circ'it Circ'it Circ'it -plin* +ath

Circ'it

Circ'it

Circ'it

Give the sa)e air to all

5

SRB 041406 ver1

C!"A

t $re&. Chips

'ser 1 'ser 2 'sern Separated /( +0 c%des t

%%%

"essage

Res'lting Signal

ChanneliGation codeH Se"arate D)issions #ro) a single source #ro) each other Scra)'ling codeH se"arate di##erent sources #ro) each other S"reading Code I ChanneliGation code D Scra)'ling code

All "ersons are created eFual

6

SRB 041406 ver1

"'ltipath Arrival %2 Signals

rans,itted s(,/%l received signal at each ti,e dela( "%di2ied )ith the channel esti,ate c%,/ined s(,/%l

2inger 31 2inger 32 2inger 33

SRB 041406 ver1

C!"A Ra*e Receiver

6np't signal 72r%, R$8 c%rrelat%r 6 phase r%tat%r :

dela( e&'ali9er

S-" 6 6 S-" :

c%de generat%r

channel esti,at%r $inger 1 $inger 2 $inger 3 C%,/iner

i,ing 7$inger all%cati%n8

"atched 2ilter

SRB 041406 ver1

<rth%g%nal $re&'enc( !ivisi%n "'ltiple=ing 7<$!"8

Successor to FreFuency ?o""ing and !irect SeFuence C!1A Ca"a'ility to cancel )ulti"ath distortion in a s"ectrally
e##icient )anner .ithout reFuiring )ulti"le local oscillators 37,+.**a and 7,+.*-4

Based on use o# %FF& and FF& FreFuency orthogonality as co)"ared to code orthogonality in
C!1A using Walsh Code

SRB 041406 ver1

3G Services

2">9

vide% c%n2erencing

tele,edicine ?ide% %n de,and electr%nic ne)spaper "%/ile ?

6nternet Band)idth a'di% c%n2erencing

radi% paging

,essaging

"%/ile radi%

$a= v%ice 1@>9 /iAdirecti%nal 'nidirecti%nal Br%adcast# ,'lticast

Who is #irst/ the custo)erJ .ho is second/ ; 0o one

10

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( "%/ilit( Services

1ulti)edia 1essaging Services 311S4
&eDt sounds i)ages and video &ransition #ro) Short 1essage Service 3S1S4 E"en %nternet standards #or )essaging

We' A""lications
%n#or)ation "ortals Wireless 1arku" =anguage 3W1=4 .ith signals using Wireless A""lication 2rotocol 3WA24

=ocation Co))unications Services

=ocation A.areness Based

2ersonaliGation o# in#or)ation "resentation #or)at

Service ca"a'ility negotiations 31$D$ environ)ent4

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SRB 041406 ver1

Custo)iGed A""lication #or 1o'ile $nhanced =ogic 3CA1$=4

CA1$= I %0 K Service "orta'ility 3incl )o'ility and roa)ing4 Cirtual 2rivate 0et.ork 3C204
B 1o'ile user @;A %S2 @;A cor"orate server B 1o'ility Security Ca"acity and Fuality

2re"aid 5sage =i)itations Advanced Routing Services Cirtual ?o)e $nviron)ent 3C?$4
B Su'scri'er "ro#ile charging in#or)ation Service in#or)ation nu)'ering in#or)ation B %ntegration o# array o# services content conversion to heterogeneous services net.ork user "ro#ile location a.are services

&ake the clai)s .ith a grain o# salt

12

SRB 041406 ver1

GS1 0et.ork
SC2
2S&0>%S!0

SS2 S&2 %0

gs) SCF
HLR AuC

ISUP

Gw-MSC
S E, I UP

C, D

Billing Center SMS-GW

SRB 041406 ver1

Call

VLR

MSC
GSM 04.08 A

BSS

5$

Circuit domain

13

GS1 L G2RS
SC2
2S&0>%S!0

SS2 S&2 %0

gs) SCF
HLR AuC

%2 Services
Gi Gc

2!0

ISUP

Gw-MSC
S E, I UP

GGSN
C, D

Billing Center SMS-GW

CGw
Ga Gr

Ga Gn

Data, voice, video call

SRB 041406 ver1

Call

VLR GSM 04.08+

MSC
A Gb

SGSN
GSM 04.08+

BSS

5$

Circuit domain

Pac et domain

14

WC!1A>51&S
2S&0>%S!0 ISUP

gs) SS2 SCF S&2 %0 CA1$=

C C+, D+ HLR+ AuC

SC2

%2 Services

2!0 Gi+

Gc+

Gw-MSC
I E+, SU P

GGSN Billing Center SMS-GW CGw

Gr+ Ga+ Ga+ Gn+ Data, voice, video call

SRB 041406 ver1

Call

VLR

3G-MSC
Iu!c" Iu!#"

3G-SGSN
GSM 04.08++

GSM 04.08++

5&RA0

5$

Circuit domain

Pac et domain

15

GSM$UM%S &it rate, Mobilit' and Service"

(i)* 7Car # rain8

GS1 ?SCS! G2RS

%e-t Me""a)in) .oice

1o'ility

$!G$
CS !ata FaD

51&S

+o, 7stati%nar(8 ;C6 14C4 16C0 G+RS >SCS! 354C0 D!GD -" S 2 "/#s

Bit Rate M'"s

16

SRB 041406 ver1

3G Dv%l'ti%n
+.<G
GSM HSCSD 15.2 k !" )DMA CD#D '3.2 k !" #DA+#DC-# 1'.' k !" G#RS 1$% k !" &DG& '$3 k !" &DG& #(2 GRAN '$3 k !" )D-SCDMA 2*' k !" WCDMA ,DD 2 M !" CDMA2%%% 13 3%$ k!" H8!erLAN2 5' M !" 7&&& *%2.11 0+( 5' M !" )D-SCDMA #( 2 2 M !" WCDMA )DD 2 M !" WCDMA HSD#A 1% M !"

3.<G

14&V-D1 5HDR6 2.' M !" 14&V-DV 5HDR6 5.' M !" H0r/9ni:e. H8!erLAN2 An. 7&&& *%2.110

-./01ne $2.* k !" WLAN 7&&& *%2.11 11 M !"

Wi1AB>?y"er1A0 also in the )iD

11

Re;< H9nk0"0l9 et 0l= WCDMA 0n. WLAN ;9r 3G 0n. Be89n.= 7&&& Wirele"" C9//uni-0ti9n= A!r 2%%2 SRB 041406 ver1

S%,e Representative C'rrent Wireless <pti%ns

3G Cellular 3WC!1A4
FreFuency !ivision !u"leD 3F!!4H 5"link and !o.nlink are se"arated in #reFuency 39sy))etric:4 &i)e !ivision !u"leD 3&!!4H 5"link and !o.nlink are se"arated in ti)e allo.s 9asy))etric: tra##ic 3adjust ti)e slots in u"link and do.nlink4 3G Cellular 3C!1A+,,,4 Wi Fi 7,+.**a and 7,+.**'J ?y"er=A0+ +.4 G?G 'and Wi1AB 7,+.*-d 3#iDed4J 7,+.*-e 39"orta'le:4 <.7 G?G 'andJ *, +, 1'"s sy))etrical BW Blue &ooth RF 'ased =A0 technologyJ +,;3, #eet coverage +.4 G?G 'and

!ar.in8s &heory o# $volution and Survival o# the #ittest

15

SRB 041406 ver1

3G WC!"A

Release 66 Release 4 Release < !o)ains 2rotocols and Channels Radio Resource 1anage)ent 0et.ork !i)ensioning and E"ti)iGation Nuality o# Service 3NoS, and =ocation Services

&he #avored t.in sister o# C!1A+,,,

1;

SRB 041406 ver1

Release ;;

Radio Bearer 0egotiations &ra##ic Classes Co)"leD Scra)'ling S"eech Codec 3eight4 Ada"tive 1ulti Rate 3A1R4 Battery =i#e &rans)ission 9s"atial>antenna: diversity Co)"ressed 1ode 1easure)ents in )ulti"le #reFuency 5se o# trans)ission ti)e reduction techniFues O 2!2 ConteDts "er %2 Address N2SMJ coherent detectionJ Rake receiver Short and =ong S"reading Codes 1ulticall several si)ultaneous CS calls .ith dedicated 'earers o# inde"endent tra##ic and "er#or)ance characteristics Custo)iGed A""lication #or 1o'ile net.ork $nhanced =ogic 3CA1$=4 2hase 3
A lot to go''le
20

SRB 041406 ver1

Release 4
Bearer %nde"endent Core 0et.ork &ande) Free E"eration 3&FE4 &ranscoder Free E"eration
3&rFE4 and Eut o# Band &ranscoder Control 3EoB&C4 =o. Chi" Rate &!! E"eration 0et.ork Assisted Cell Change F!! Re"eater 0odeB SynchroniGation #or &!! %2v- "acket s.itched net.ork su""orting 'oth real ti)e and non;real ti)e tra##ic Session %nitiated 2rotocol 3S%24 re"lacing SSP

?o)e Su'scri'er Server 3?SS4 1SC>C=R ;A 1SC server 3)o'ility )anage)ent4 and 1GW
3Connection )anage)ent su'tasks4

1ulti)edia 1essage Service 311S4 environ)ent

21

SRB 041406 ver1

Release 5

%2 &rans"ort in 5&RA0 ?igh S"eed !o.nlink 2acket Access 3?S!2A4 3u"to *, 1'"s4 %ntra !o)ain Connection to 1ulti"le C0 0odes 3%u#leD4 %2 1ulti)edia C0 Su'syste) 3%1S4 9Guaranteed: $nd to $nd 3$+$4 NoS in the 2S do)ain Glo'al &eDt &ele"hony Su""ort #or Real &i)e Services in "acket do)ain CA1$= 2hase 4

22

SRB 041406 ver1

>S!+A
2eak !ata rate A *, 1'"s Sa)e s"ectru) 'y 'oth voice and data
5" to *+ s"reading codes #or ?igh S"eed !SC? 3?S;!SC?4 Fast link Ada"tation Both code and ti)e division #or channel sharing

&rans)ission &i)e interval + )s ?y'rid Auto)atic Re"eat reNuest 3?ARN4

Auto)atic o"ti)iGations to Channel Nuality %ndicator 3CN%4

N2SM and *- NA1 )odulation at 3.74 1hG sy)'olJ s"reading

#actor #iDed to *-

%ncre)ental Redundancy or chase co)'ining 3C?4 0e. !2CC?+ in u"link "ri)arily #or ?ARN channel state in#o

23

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A !%,ains
>%,e 0et)%r* !%,ain >?u@ C' -' 6' >Au@

Serving 0et)%r* !%,ain -S6" !%,ain "%/ile D&'ip,ent !%,ain -ser D&'ip,ent !%,ain Access 0et)%r* !%,ain C%re 0et)%r* !%,ain 6n2rastr'ct're !%,ain

ransit 0et)%r* !%,ain

StandardiGation o# architecture 3do)ains4 and standardiGation o# "rotocols 3strata4

24

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A +r%t%c%l Ea(ers

Radi% 0et)%r* Ea(er C%ntr%l +lane Applicati%n +r%t%c%l -ser +lane !ata Strea,7s8

ransp%rt 0et)%r* Ea(er

ransp%rt 0et)%r* -ser +lane

ransp%rt 0et)%r* C%ntr%l +lane

ransp%rt 0et)%r* -ser +lane

AECA+7s8 Signalling Bearer7s8 Signalling Bearer7s8

+h(sical Ea(er

!ata Bearer7s8

25

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A E1F E2F and RRC S'/la(er

C-!l0ne "ign0lling GC Nt DC B-!l0ne in;9r/0ti9n

Du!li-0ti9n 0C9i.0n-e GC Nt DC

+/
-9ntr9l RRC #DC#

BuS 9un.0r8

+/$22C
#DC#

-9n -9n tr9l tr9l

-9n-9n tr9l tr9l

+0$PDCP
BMC

+0$&MC

RLC RLC

RLC

RLC RLC RLC RLC

RLC

+0$2+C

L9gi-0l C(0nnel" MAC

+0$MAC
)r0n"!9rt C(0nnel"

#HA

+1
26

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A Channels
E%gical Channels C%ntr%l BCC> ra22ic ! C>

+CC>

!CC>

CCC>

S>CC>

C C>

"ac

A/

Ac#sh

Ad

ransp%rt Channels

C%,,%n BC> +C>

$AC>

RAC>

-E C+C> !SC>

!edicated !C>

+h(sical Channels

"apped t% ransp%rt Channels +CC+> SCC+C>

+RAC>

+C+C>

+!SC>

!+!C>

!+CC>

!edicated SC> C+6C> A6C> +6C> CS6C>

C!#CAA6C>

&rans"ort ChannelsH ho. in#or)ation trans#erred over the radio inter#ace =ogical ChannelsH &y"e o# in#or)ation trans#erred over the radio inter#ace

Channels )ade 'y so#t hats

21

SRB 041406 ver1

"apping Bet)een Channels

-plin* CCC> !CC> ! C> E%gical Channels +CC> BCC> !%)nlin* CCC> C C> !CC> ! C>

RAC>

C+C>

!C>

ransp%rt Channels

+C>

BC>

$AC>

!SC>

!C>

+RAC>

+C+C>

!+!C> !+CC>

"apped +h(sical Channels

+CC+C>

SCC+C>

+!SC> !+!C> !+CC>

!edicated +h(sical Channels

SC> C+6C> A6C> +6C> CS6C> C!#CAA6C>

0 to 1
25

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A Channel -sage D=a,ples

-plin*# !%)nlin* C%de -sage

!edicated channels !C> B%th Acc%rding t% ,a=, /it rate 4es 4es "edi', %r large data a,%'nts

C%,,%n channels $C> RAC> !%)nlin* -plin*

$ast +%)er c%ntr%l S%2t hand%ver S'ited 2%r

S'ited 2%r /'rst( data

0%

Shared channels C+C> !SC> -SC> -plin* !%)nlin* -plin*F %nl( in !! $i=ed $i=ed $i=ed C%des C%des c%des per c%des per c%des per shared shared cell cell cell /t) 'sers /t) 'sers 0% 0% 4es 4es 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% S,all S,all S,all %r "edi', "edi', data data ,edi', %r large %r large a,%'nts a,%'nts data data data a,%'nts a,%'nts a,%'nts 4es 4es 4es 4es 4es

FleDi'ility co)es .ith res"onsi'ility

2;

SRB 041406 ver1

Radi% Res%'rce "anage,ent

2o.er Control ?andover Access Control =oad and Congestion Control 2acket Scheduling

30

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A +%)er C%ntr%l 7near G 2ar8

@eep received p%)er levels +1 and +2 e&'al

4 4

+%)er c%ntr%l c%,,ands t% the -Ds

-D1

0%deB -D2
5"link and do.nlink 3*<,, ?G4 E"en =oo" 2o.er Control Closed =oo" 2o.er Control Euter =oo" 2o.er Control $Fual E""ortunity Ad)inistration 3$EA4
31

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A >and%vers
sect%r 1
he sa,e signal is sent 2r%, /%th sect%rs t% -D

So#ter
4 R0C 4

sect%r 2

So#t

4 4

R0C
,acr% diversit( c%,/ining in 'plin*

0%deB1 4 4

he sa,e signal is sent 2r%, /%th 0%deBHs t% -DF e=cept 2%r the p%)er c%ntr%l c%,,ands

0%deB2

?ard and %nter;#reFuency handovers %ntersyste) cell;reselection 9$Fuivalent 2=10 )ode: 3autono)ous cell re;selection 3"acket4 idle )ode4
32

SRB 041406 ver1

>and%ver Alg%rith,

+il%t Dc#6< %2 cell 1

Rep%rtingIrange J >(steresisIevent 1B Rep%rtingIrange A >(steresisIevent 1A >(steresisIevent 1C

+il%t Dc#6< %2 cell 2

+il%t Dc#6< %2 cell 3

C%nnected t% cell 1 Dvent 1A A add cell2 Dvent 1C G replace cell1 )ith cell3 Dvent 1B G re,%ve cell3

A relay race .ith )ulti"le 'atons

33

SRB 041406 ver1

0et)%r* !i,ensi%ning and <pti,i9ati%n

!i)ensioning Criteria
Coverage Ca"acity Nuality o# Service

!i)ensioning
=ink 'udget ca"acity 3hard and so#t4 and load #actor $sti)ation o# average inter#erence "o.er Coverage end Eutage "ro'a'ilities

E"ti)iGation
2er#or)ance ReFuire)ents Antenna adjust)ents neigh'or lists scra)'ling codes

!on8t #orce a round "eg in a sFuare hole

34

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A :'alit( %2 Service 7:%s8

!yna)ic 0egotiations o# "ro"erties > Services o# radio 'earer
&hru"ut trans#er delay data error rate Authentications
&ra##ic class $'nda,ental characteristics Conversational class +reserve ti,e relati%n 7variati%n8 /et)een in2%r,ati%n entities %2 the strea, C%nversati%nal pattern 7stringent and l%) dela(8 v%iceF vide%teleph%n( vide% ga,es Strea)ing class +reserve ti,e relati%n 7variati%n8 /et)een in2%r,ati%n entities %2 the strea, %nteractive class Re&'est resp%nse pattern +reserve data integrit( Background !estinati%n is n%t e=pecting the data )ithin a certain ti,e +reserve data integrit(

D=a,ples %2 the applicati%n

Strea,ing ,'lti,edia

We/ /r%)singF net)%r* ga,es

Bac*gr%'nd d%)nl%ad %2 e,ails

Ene .ay co))unications is no co))unications

35

SRB 041406 ver1

E%cati%n Services 7ECS8

U%2A3 3ode & +MU t'#e & 7u (+2 7u L( A+ 5G 6+ 57u6 &SC L D- 0ltern0tiCe -E
5RF* 0n. FF6

Bu

S23C
SM+C

UE B/
&%S +MU +MU D- 0ltern0tiCe -E t'#e &

MSC

Lg

Le G0tew08 M+C L-

&3tern0l LCS -lient

A i"

L"

t'#e A GE2A3

SM+C )"mSC4

L! SM+C

Cell %! 'ased E'served &i)e !i##erence Arrival %dle 2eriod !o.nlink 3E&!EA;%2!=4 0et.ork Assisted G2S Qou can run 'ut you cannot hide

36

SRB 041406 ver1

Wh( "%ve %)ards 4G?

=i)itation to )eet eD"ectations o# a""lications like
Wider Band.idth )ulti)edia #ull )otion video .ireless telecon#erencing

!i##icult to )ove and intero"erate due to di##erent standards

ha)"ering glo'al )o'ility and service "orta'ility integrated net.ork

2ri)arily Cellular 3WA04 .ith distinct =A0s8J need a ne. =i)itations in a""lying recent advances in s"ectrally )ore
e##icient )odulation sche)es video and data

0eed all all digital net.ork to #ully utiliGe %2 and converged

%ncessant hu)an desire to reach the sky

31

SRB 041406 ver1

Where !% We Want t% G%?

Sea)less Roa)ing %ntegrated 9standard: 0et.orks 1o'ile %ntelligent %nternet
En.ards to 35ltra4 Wide'and Wireless %2 0et.orks

We are no longer in Mansas &oto

35

SRB 041406 ver1

-pc%,ing
3.< G
$volved radio %nter#ace %2 'ased core net.ork

4G
0e. Air %nter#ace Cery high 'it rate services Convergence o# Wireline Wireless and %2 .orlds

And 0o. #or So)ething Co)"letely !i##erent

3;

SRB 041406 ver1

3G AllA6+ Re2erence Architect're

A##lication" 8 Service" SCP Alternative Acce"" 3et,or CAP (SS (+2 CGr SGS3 Gn Iu %E 2 M% Uu U%2A3 Iu G# Gn SGS3 MG5 Mc MSC Server 3b 3c Gc Gi +e)ac' mobile "i)nalin) 3et,or 2!SG5 M* M" CSC4 Mr M24 Gi GGS3 Gi MG5 Mc GMSC Server %!SG5 MGC4 Mc PS%3$ +e)ac'$E-ternal %!SG5 M) Gi CSC4 M, Mm Multimedia IP 3et,or "

GGS3 7t*er P+M3

Si)nallin) Inter6ace Si)nallin) and Data %ran"6er Inter6ace

40

SRB 041406 ver1

WC!"A 3G Dv%l'ti%n t% AllA6+ 0et)%r*

A# #

2S&0>%S!0

5irele"" Data Server

,,,, email IP

lic at io n

"e rv er "

%nternet>%ntranet>%S2

IP 4ire,all

2S&0>%S!0

(+2 (SS AuC 3G;1SC PCM SS9 3G41SC Server

GGS0 1GW SGS0 A%M G%P+$IP GGS0

CSCF

1GCF

SGW

IP

1GW 1RF

R0C Iub

Iur

R0C Iub 0RB

0RB

U%2A3
41

SRB 041406 ver1

3C5G Radi% 0et)%r* Dv%l'ti%n

?igh !ata rate lo. latency "acket o"ti)iGed radio access Su""ort #leDi'le 'and.idth u"to +, 1?G ne. trans)ission

sche)es advanced )ulti;antenna technologies and signaling o"ti)iGation %nstantaneous "eak != *,, 1'>s and 52 <, 1'>S .ithin +, 1?G s"ectru) Control "lane latency o# @ *,, )s 3ca)"ed to active4 and @ <, )s 3dor)ant to active4 A +,, users "er cell .ithin < 1?G s"ectru) S"ectru) #leDi'ility #ro) *.+< 1?G to +, 1?G $li)inate 9dedicated: channelsJ avoid )acro diversity in != 1igrate to.ards EF!1 in != and SC;F!1A in 5= Su""ort voice services in the "acket do)ain Ada"tive 1odulation and Coding using Channel Nuality %ndicator 3CN%4 )easure)ents

42

SRB 041406 ver1

3C5G WC!"A Dv%lved S(ste, Architect're

GDRA0
G/ 6'

G+RS C%re
S3 S4 S1

+CR$
R=J

- RA0

>SS Dv%lved RA0

S1

""D -+D

S5

S6

6nter AS Anch%r

Gi

Dv%lved +ac*et C%re

S2 S2

<pC 6+ ServC 76"SF +SSF etcK8

n%n 3G++ 6+ Access

WEA0 3G++ 6+ Access

L C%l%r c%ding. red indicates ne) 2'ncti%nal ele,ent # inter2ace

S%'rce. )))C3gppC%rg

43

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( 3G and 4G +ara,eters

Attri'ute 1ajor Characteristic 0et.ork Architecture FreFuency Band Co)"onent !esign Band.idth !ata Rate Access For.ard $rror Correction S.itching 1o'ile to" S"eed %2 E"erational 3G 4G 2redo)inantly voice; data as Converged data and Co%2 add;on Wide area Cell 'ased ?y'rid integration o# Wireless =an 3WiFi4 Blue &ooth Wide Area *.- ; +.< G?G + 7 G?G E"ti)iGed antennaJ )ulti; 'and ada"ters < +, 1?G 37< M'"s ; + 1'"s WC!1A>C!1A+,,, Convolution code *>+ *>3J tur'o Circuit>2acket +,, k)"h 1ulti"le versions S+,,3 S)art antennasJ SW )ulti; 'andJ .ide'and radios *,,K 1?G +, *,, 1'"s 1C;C!1A or EF!1 Concatenated Coding 2acket +,, k)"h All %2 3%2v-.,4 S+,*,
44

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( 4G "%/ilit( C%ncepts

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Wireless %2 @;;;A %2 Wireless

45

SRB 041406 ver1

4G 0et)%r*s Advances
Sea)less )o'ility 3roa)ing4
Roa) #reely #ro) one standard to another %ntegrate di##erent )odes o# .ireless co))unications indoor net.orks 3e.g. .ireless =A0s and Bluetooth4J cellular signalsJ radio and &CJ satellite co))unications *,, 1'>se #ull )o'ility 3.ide area4J * G'it>s lo. )o'ility 3local area4 %2;'ased co))unications syste)s #or integrated voice data and video %2 RA0 E"en uni#ied standards Strea) Control &rans)ission 2rotocol 3SC&24 Successor to 9SSP:J re"lace)ent #or &C2 1aintain several data strea)s .ithin a single connection Service =ocation 2rotocol 3S=24 Auto)atic resource discovery 1ake all net.orked resources dyna)ically con#igura'le through %2;'ased service and directory agents
46

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SRB 041406 ver1

4G 0et)%r*s Advances c%ntMd

!ia)eter
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41

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( Challenges
S"ectral $##iciencies
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1ulti Carrier 1odulation 31C14

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45

@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 1

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@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 2

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1anage $ntro"y

50

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 3

1ore $##icient and Sensitive &ransreceiver !esigns
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SRB 041406 ver1

4G R$#6$ Architect're D=a,ple

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SRB 041406 ver1

4G ransreceiver +r%cessing D=a,ple

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SRB 041406 ver1

@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 4

All %2 0et.ork
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54

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@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 5

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55

SRB 041406 ver1

@e( Challenges A c%ntMd A 6

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SRB 041406 ver1

4G $%r',s
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55

SRB 041406 ver1

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1st Generati%n Anal%g Cell'lar S(ste,s

Standard Region FreFuency 31?G4 524A54; 56;A5;4 5;0A;15 ;35A;50 512A;15 ;11A;50 453A451C5 463A461C5 5;0A;15 ;35A;60 450A455C14 460A465C14 450A455 460A465 414C5A415 424C5A425 510A555 560A510 ;15A;25 Channel S"acing 3k?G4 30 25 25 25 12C5 10 25 12C5 25 25 0o. o# 1odulation Channels 532 1000 1240 150 1;;; 513 200 250 600 400 $" $" $" $" $" $" $" $" $" $" !ata Rate 3k'"s4 10 5 5 1C2 1C2 5C25 A A 0C3 5C0

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SRB 041406 ver1

2nd Generati%n Cell'lar and C%rdless S(ste,s

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61

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3G WC!"A and C!"A2000 Standards

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WC!"A Circ'it S)itched +r%t%c%ls

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61

SRB 041406 ver1

>S!+A +r%t%c%l Architect're

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6"S Architect're
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10

SRB 041406 ver1

Gl%ssar(
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11

SRB 041406 ver1

Re2erences
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12

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