Contents of blood and their functions

Under a microscope, blood cells float in a fluid

called plasma.
Blood consists of:
a. Plasma
b. Red blood cell
c. White blood cell
d. Platelets
(blood clotting
cells)
a) Plasma
a liquid part of the blood.
yellowish in colour
alkaline characteristic
sticky
made up of water
produce in the liver
a) Plasma contains:
Dissolved substances like:
i. mineral salts
ii. Digested food
iii. Waste product
iv. Vitamins
v. Hormones
vi. Antibodies
vii. Gases
viii. Water
The function of plasma are:
a. Transport digested food to the cells
b. Transport waste products like urea from
the body tissue to the excretory organ.
c. Control the body temperature
d. To carry hormones to tissue.
b. Red blood cell
Have biconcave shape

Do not have nucleus

Function: to transport
oxygen to body cell
b. Red blood cell
Contain hemoglobin (red
pigment) which combined
with oxygen to form
oxyhemoglobin.

Produce in bone marrow

Lifespan: 4 months then
destroy in the liver and
spleen
b. White blood cell
Larger size than red blood
cell
Have nucleus
Do not have a definite
shape

Produce in bone marrow
and lymph glands
b. White blood cell
Function: to protect the
body from being attacked
by microorganisms like
bacteria and viruses.
(body defense system)
b. White blood
cell can:
a)Kill bacteria in blood
b)Produce antibodies to
neutralize poisonous
substance (toxin)
produce by
microorganisms.
d. Platelets
No definite shape

Do not have nucleus

Very small in size

Function: to clot blood in
a wound to prevent the
lost of excessive amount
of blood.



Produce in bone marrow
Lifespan: very short- few
hours to 9 days
d. Platelets
O
AB
B
A
Human blood can be classified to 4 groups:
A, B, AB,O
Blood donor
A person who donates his
blood to another
Blood recipient
A person who receives
blood from another
The blood recipient and the donor must be compatible.
If not the blood will be coagulate and the recipient
will die.
The Blood group O are called universal donor.
blood must be screening before transfusion
Can donate People Can receive
O, A, B, AB O O
A, AB A O, A
B, AB B O, B
AB AB O, A, B, AB
The lost of a lot of blood
From accident or operation
Needs to be replace by
Blood transfusion.

People are encourage to donate blood to save others.

2 types of blood transfusion:
a) through blood kept in blood bank
b) through direct channeling from the donor to recipient.
BLOOD DONATION
Storage and handling of blood
Each blood donor must be tested for their healthy.

Before donated blood is transfusion into patient,
it must be tested to ensure it is free from HIV or AIDS,
hepatitis B and C and syphilis.

All the blood donated must be keep in cold room.