02 Channel Config GC

1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN20GLA1
LTE Radio Parameters RL20

Channel Configuration
1. LTE Functionalities and Overview
2. Channel Configuration
3. General parameter DB structure and System Information
Broadcast
4. Random Access
5. Radio Admission Control (RAC)
6. Radio Bearer Control & DRX /DTX Management
7. LTE Mobility Management
8. UL/DL Scheduler
9. MIMO Mode Control (MIMO-MC)
10.Power Control
Presentation / Author / Date
Contents
Module Contents

Overview
DL Channels and Signals
UL Channels and Signals

Overview - Channels
Upper Layers

RLC

MAC

PHY
Logical channels
Transport channels
B
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UL DL
Air interface
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DL Physical Channels Allocation
RS/DTX: Reference Signal
Occupies at least 8 RE per RB(84 RE for
normal CP ) throughout the whole system
bandwidth
PSS/SSS: Primary/Secondary Synchronisation
Signal
Occupies the central 72 subcarriers across 2
symbols
PBCH: Physical Broadcast Channel
Occupies the central 72 subcarriers across 4
symbols
PCFICH: Physical Control Format Indication
Channel
Occupies up to 16 RE per TTI
PHICH: Physical HARQ Indication Channel
Occupies 12 RE, and Tx during 1
st
symbol of
each TTI or alternativ during symbols 1 to 3 of
each TTI
PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel
Occupies the REs not used by PCFICH and
PHICH and Reference Signals within the first
1, 2 or 3 symbols of each TTI
PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel
Is allocated the RE not used by signals or
other physical channels
RB
UL Physical Channels and Reference Signals
PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel
Intended for user data (carries traffic for multiple
UEs) and control data
If control data is to be sent when traffic data is being
transmitted, UE multiplexes both streams together

PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel
Carries H-ARQ Ack/Nack indications, uplink
scheduling request, CQIs and MIMO feedback
Only control information is sent. The UE uses
Resources Element at the edges of the channel

PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel
For Random Access attempts. PDCCH indicates the
resource elements for PRACH use
System Information contains a list of allowed
preambles (64 per cell) and the required length of
the preamble.

DRS: Demodulation Reference Signal
For uplink demodulation and channel estimate

SRS: Sounding Reference Signal (not included in RL20)
For uplink channel aware scheduling
RACH
CCCH DCCH DTCH
UL-SCH
PRACH
PUSCH PUCCH
Logical
Transport
PHYS.
RLC
MAC
eNode B
CQI, PMI, RI,
ACK/NACK
SR
RNTI
DL scheduling
UL Grant
UL Power Control
n x per cell
DL control
configuration
1x per cell
HARQ Info
CQI, PMI, RI,
ACK/NACK
Overview Control Information
CQI: Channel Quality Indicator
PMI: Precoding Matrix Indicator
RI: Rank Indicator
SR: Scheduling Request
ACK: Acknowledgement
NACK: Negative Acknowledgement
RNTI: Radio Network Temporary Indicator
HARQ: Hybrid Automatic Retransmission
reQuest
Generic - Bandwidth
Channel bandwidth: Bandwidths ranging from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz
Data subcarriers: They vary with the bandwidth
72 for 1.4MHz to 1200 for 20MHz

ulChBw / dlChBw
Defines the UL and DL bandwidth and the
number of available Physical Resource Blocks
LNCEL; 5MHz(2), 10MHz(3), 15MHz(4),
20MHz(5); 10 MHz(3)
FDD Carrier
Bandwidth
[MHz]
Number of
PRB
1.4 6
3 15
5 25
10 50
15 75
20 100
Generic - Carrier Frequency and Bandwidth (FDD)
100 kHz
... ...
F
UL
= F
UL_low
+ 0.1(N
UL
N
Offs-UL
)
F
DL
= F
DL_low
+ 0.1(N
DL
N
Offs-DL
)
EARFCN
N
UL
: earfcnUL
N
DL
: earfcnDL

Bandwidth
UL: ulChBw
DL: dlChBw
*Noffs-DL & Noffs-UL specified by
TS 36.101 for each band
earfcnUL/ earfcnDL
Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number
LNCEL; 0...65535; 1; -
Note: Supported bands RL20: Band 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9,
10,18, 19, 20, 24
earfcnUL = earfcnDL + 18000
EUTRA Channel Numbers
Example (band 12)
F
UL
=708 MHz =698 MHz +0.1 (23100 23000) MHz
F
DL
=738 MHz =728 MHz +0.1 (5100 5000) MHz
Generic - Physical Layer Cell Id

Physical Layer Cell Identity is used to differentiate neighbor cells
It consists of the two parts; Physical layer Cell Identity Group and Physical layer Identity
Physical Layer Cell Identity = 3 x Physical layer Cell Identity Group + Physical layer Identity
Decoded during synchronisation using primary and secondary sync signal
Strongest Signal
Primary
Synchronization Signal

Secondary
Synchronisation Signal

L1 id, slot (0/10)

Physical Layer
Cell ID, Frame
Alignment
Cell ID Group 0
(3 L1 ids)

Group 167
Cell ID Group i
(3 L1 ids)

168 Cell ID
groups

Phy L Cell ID

As a result of cell search the UE should acquire:
PHY cell ID
10ms and 5ms timing
CP length
Duplex mode (TDD/FDD)
phyCellId:
Physical Cell Id
LNCEL; 0..503; 1; -
(Range; Step; Default)
PCI Planning
Recommendations
In priority order, number 1 most important (all
four should be fulfilled, ideally)

1. Avoid assigning the same PCI to
neighbour cells

2. Avoid assigning the same mod3 (PCI)
to neighbour cells

3. Avoid assigning the same mod6(PCI) to
neighbour cells

4. Avoid assigning the same mod30 (PCI) to
neighbour cells

Id = 5
Id = 4
Id = 3
Id =
11
Id =
10
Id = 9
Id = 8
Id = 7
Id = 6
Id = 2
Id = 1
Id = 0
Example 1 PCI Identity Plan
Example 2 PCI Identity Plan
PCI = Physical Cell Identity
Generic - Time Structure (Frame Type 1)
19
144 T
s
= 4.69 s

160 T
s

CP Symbol
C
P

Symbol
C
P

Symbol
C
P

Symbol
C
P

Symbol
C
P

Symbol
C
P

Symbol
CP Symbol
512 T
s
= 16.7 s
CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol
CP Symbol
1024 T
s
= 33.3 s
CP Symbol CP Symbol
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 0
Radio frame = 10 ms
subframe = 1 ms
Cyclic Prefix
x
2047-Ncp
, x
2047

OFDM Symbol (Time Domain Samples)
x
0
, x
1
, , x
2047

Symbol T
sym
= 2048 T
s
= 66.67 s T
cp
= N
cp
T
s

Af = 15 kHz, UL/DL - Extended Prefix
Af = 7.5 kHz, UL/DL - Extended Prefix
Af = 15 kHz, UL/DL - Normal Prefix
Slot = 15360 T
s
= 500s
Generic Time Structure and CP length
Short cyclic prefix:
Long cyclic prefix:
Copy
= Cyclic prefix
= Data
5.21 s
16.67 s
Subframe length is 1 ms for all bandwidths
Slot length is 0.5 ms
1 Subframe= 2 slots
Slot carries 7 symbols with normal cyclic prefix or 6 symbols with
extended prefix
CP length depends on the symbol position within the slot:
Normal CP: symbol 0 in each slot has CP= 160 x Ts (5.21s and
remaining symbols CP= 144 x Ts ( 4.7s)
Extended CP: CP length for all symbols in the slot is 512 x Ts ( 16.67s)
Ts: sampling time of the overall
channel. Basic Time Unit.
Ts =
1 sec
Subcarrier spacing X max FFT size
=
1 sec
15kHz X 2048
= 32.5nsec
Module Contents

Overview

DL - Channels and Signals Overview
Upper Layers

RLC

MAC
B
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M
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D
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Air interface
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PHY
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180 kHz
0.5 ms
Secondary Synchronisation Signal (SSS)
Primary Synchronisation Signal (PSS)
DTX
Slot id: 0 1 2 . . ..10.. ..19 0 1
Synch Signals Time and Frequency
Reference Signals
Common Reference Signals (CRS):
Cell-specific
FDM/TDMuxed
Defined per antenna port
F-density 6 sub-carriers (or 3 sub-carriers if staggered structure is considered)
BW invariant mapping to REs
Used for:
Channel estimation (in case of CRS-based transmission with known/signaled
precoding)
Mobility measurements
Auxiliary UE functions like:
Time tracking
Frequency tracking
Cell ID verification
CP length verification

*Staggered structure with multiple antenna
ports (see next slide)
Incremental Time-Frequency Structure of
Cell-specific Reference Signal
0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l 0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l
O
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p
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t
s
Resource element (k,l)
Not used for transmission on this antenna port
Reference symbols on this antenna port
0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l 0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l 0 = l
1
R
1
R
1
R
1
R
6 = l 0 = l
1
R
1
R
1
R
1
R
6 = l
0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l 0 = l
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
6 = l 0 = l
1
R
1
R
1
R
1
R
6 = l 0 = l
1
R
1
R
1
R
1
R
6 = l
F
o
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r

a
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a

p
o
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t
s
0 = l 6 = l 0 = l
2
R
6 = l 0 = l 6 = l 0 = l 6 = l
2
R
2
R
2
R
3
R
3
R
3
R
3
R
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 0
Antenna port 1
Antenna port 2
Antenna port 3
Resource Element (RE) k, l
Not used for transmission on this antenna port (DTX)
Reference symbols (RS) on this antenna port
l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6 l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6
l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6
Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Antenna port 2 Antenna port 3

F
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p
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Physical Broadcast Channel
PBCH carriers essential system information like:
DL BW configuration
PHICH configuration
System Frame Number (8 MSB bits)
PBCH enables blind detection of:
DL antenna configuration {1TX, 2TX, 4TX} via CRC masking*
40 ms timing (2 LSB bits of SFN) via 40ms scrambling

* for decoding the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
each MIB is masked with a codeword representing the
number of transmit antenna ports.
Physical Layer Downlink
DL-Physical Data & Control Channels
PBCH
PBCH
Synchronization signals
Reserved for reference singals
Remark: PBCH does not use blocks reserved for reference signals
Code and rate-matching (repetition) to number of bits available on PBCH in 40 ms
One MIB (information bits + spare bits + CRC)
40 ms transmission time interval of PBCH
One radio frame
6

R
B
s
U
s
e
d

b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
1

R
B
One subframe (2 slots) 1 ms
Segmentation into four equal sized individually self-decodable units
Physical Layer Downlink
DL-Physical Data & Control Channels
PCFICH
General
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) carries the CFI (Control Format Indicator)
(Indicates the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of control channel information in each subframe)
Carriers dedicated to MBSFN have no physical control channel and therefore no PCFICH
4 code words defined
3 CFIs used and one reserved for future use (see table below)

CFI CFI codeword <b
0
, b
1
, b
2
,b
31
>
1 <0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1>
2 <1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0>
3 <1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,>
4 (reserved) <0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,>
Transmitted
In the first OFDM symbol in a subframe
The 32 bits of the CFI are mapped to 16 REs using QPSK modulation
PCFICH is transmitted on the same antenna ports as the PBCH (1Tx, SFBC, SFBC-FSTD)
Cell specific offset is added
Cell specific scrambling

PCFICH Mapping to Resource Elements
The mapping is done in terms of quadruplets of modulation symbols for each
antenna port
A quadruplet is defined as d(4i), d(4i+1), d(4i+2), d(4i+3)
Reference symbols REs are always reserved for at least 2Tx antennas
The four quadruplets shall be mapped to four resource element groups (REG)
(aka mini-CCE) in the first OFDM symbol
Example: 72 subcarriers case (1.4 MHz):

( ) ( )
DL
RB
cell
ID
RB
sc
2 mod 2 N N N k =
Starting position depends
on cell id
Distance between mini-CCEs

Ant 0
Ant 1
frequency
d
0
d
1
d
2
d
3
-d
1
d
0
-d
3
d
2
* * * *

2 2
RB
sc
DL
RB
N N
Ant 0
Ant 1
frequency
d
0
d
1
d
2
d
3
-d
1
d
0
-d
3
d
2
* *
* *
Ant 2
Ant 3
frequency
Resource
element
group
PHICH
For HARQ ACK/NACK signaling the PHICH is deployed.
A PHICH is defined by its PHICH group number and an
orthogonal sequence number within the group.
PHICH modulation is BPSK. Applying I/Q separation
and an SF=4 yields 8 orthogonal sequences for normal
CP. SF 2 is in use in case of extended CP, hence there
are 4 orthogonal sequences. I,e. in total there may be 8 ..
224 PHICHs in one subframe.
Example: BW=15 subcarriers normal CP, Ng=1/6, 1
PHICH group. 12 symbols are to be transmitted.
N
RB
DL
: DL BW / RBs
N
g
= 1/6, 1/2, *1,* 2. setting: phichRes

( )
(
( )
(
=
prefix cyclic extended for 8 2
prefix cyclic normal for 8
DL
RB g
DL
RB g
group
PHICH
N N
N N
N
+j -j -j +j 7
+j +j -j -j 6
+j -j +j -j 5
+j +j +j +j 4
+j -j +1 -1 -1 +1 3
+j +j +1 +1 -1 -1 2
+1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 0
Extended CP Normal CP
Orthogonal sequence Sequence
Index
+j -j -j +j 7
+j +j -j -j 6
+j -j +j -j 5
+j +j +j +j 4
+j -j +1 -1 -1 +1 3
+j +j +1 +1 -1 -1 2
+1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 0
Extended CP Normal CP
Orthogonal sequence Sequence
Index
Number of RBs
phichRes
#PHICH groups
LNCEL; 1/6; ; 1; 2; 1/6
phichRes 1/6 1/2 1 2
#PHICH groups 3 7 13 25
# scheduled UE 24 56 104 200
e.g. 20 MHz
*Necessary with semi-persistent scheduling
PHICH Association and Resource Indication

PHICH duration:
1 or 3 OFDM symbols in normal subframes (indicated via PBCH)
PHICH linked to UL PRB
Scattered grouping - spreads out the PHICH of adjacent PRBs to different
PHICH groups
When DM-RS Cyclic Shift index is configured in UL grant, use DM-RS CS
index as modifier to adjust PHICH allocation
Avoid PHICH collision e.g. in case of UL MU-MIMO
Balance power among PHICH groups
PHICH indexing:
Both index of the group and within the group depend on first UL PRB index and
UL DM-RS Cyclic Shift
PhichDur
PHICH on symb. 1 / 1- 3
LNCEL; Normal (0), Extended (1); 1; Normal(0)
DM-RS CS: Demodulation Reference Signal Cyclic Shift
PDCCH Overview
The PDCCH carries the UL & DL scheduling assignments
A PDCCH is transmitted on an aggregation of one 1, 2, 4 or 8 control channel
elements (CCE). A CCE consists of 36 REs
The aggregations of CCEs have a tree structure, where an aggregation consisting
of n CCEs starts on position (i mod n), where i is the CCE number
Further restrictions on the aggregations are defined with a Hashing function
pdcchAggDefUE
PDCCH LA UE default aggregation;
used, when enableAmcPdcch disabled
or no valid CQI exists
LNCEL; 1(0), 2 (1), 4 (2), 8 (3); -; 4 (2)
DL - L1/L2 control info: PDCCH Resources
The MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH parameter defines how many
OFDM symbols can be used.
eNB selects the actual value for each TTI, which is signalled to UE in PCFICH.
Range: 1, 2, 3 (BW > 1.4 MHz);
Range: 2, 3, 4 (BW = 1.4 MHz)
setting: maxNrSymPdcch
Example shows dynamic case for
MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=3 (yellow)
maxNrSymPdcch
LNCEL; 1..3; 1; 3
Downlink Control Information (DCI)
A DCI transports control information for one MAC ID, which is implicitly signaled in
the CRC.
Format 0
Used for defining the transmission of PUSCH assignments
Format 1
Used for defining the transmission of PDSCH assignments for single codeword (SCW) operation
Format 1A
Compact form for the transmission of PDSCH assignments for SCW operation*. Has same size as format 0
Format 1B
Compact form like 1A but supports closed-loop rank 1 precoding
Format 1C
Signaling for PCH, RACH & BCCH on DL SCH (aka dynamic BCCH)
Format 1D
Like DCI 1A but supports power offsets for DL MU-MIMO and TPMI
Format 2
Used for defining the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for Closed-Loop MIMO operation
Format 2A
Used for defining the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for Open-Loop MIMO operation
Format 3
Used for TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit power adjustments. Has same size as format 0
Format 3A
Used for TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 1-bit power adjustments. Has same size as format 0

DCI Format 1 (all):
PDSCH resource assignment
when no Spatial Multiplexing used
DCI formats 2 & 2A:
provide PDSCH assignments
for closed loop or open loop
spatial multiplexing
* allocating a dedicated preamble signature
to a UE for contention-free random access
Physical Layer Downlink Summary
DL-Physical Data & Control Channel
SSS
PSS
PBCH
PCFICH
PHICH
PDCCH
Reference signals
PDSCH UE1
PDSCH UE2
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y

Time
Exercise: PDCCH Resources
Task:
Consider cell configuration: BW=50 PRB, 2 antenna ports, normal CP
MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=2
N
g
= 1/6

Calculate the number of available PDCCHs.
Assume for frequency of occurancies of different aggregation levels (AL)
AL4 is 2 times the frequency of AL8
AL2 is 2 times the frequency of AL4
AL1 is 1/2 times the frequency of AL2

Solution: PDCCH Resources
Task:
Consider cell configuration: BW=50 PRB, 2 antenna ports, normal CP
MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=2
N
g
= 1/6

Calculate the max number of PDCCHs.

Solution:
- 1st symbol yields 2 REGs per PRB x 50 PRB = 100 REGs (because of the reference signals)
- 2nd yields 3 x 50 = 150 REGs. Total: 250 REGs. (no reference signals )
- 4 REGs for PCFICH, 2x3=6 for PHICH 240 REGs remain for PDCCH
- 240 div 9 = 26 CCEs are available
- For 1 distribution 1xAL8 + 2xAL4 + 4xAL2+2xAL1
- Aggregation level 8 1x = 8 CCEs
26 CCEs are consumed for 9 PDCCH.

Module Contents

Overview

UL Channel Mapping
Upper Layers
RLC
MAC
PHY
R
A
C
H

C
C
C
H

D
C
C
H

D
T
C
H

Air interface
P
R
A
C
H

P
U
S
C
H

U
L
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C
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P
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C
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U
C
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D
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S

S
R
S

UE Channel state information (CSI) feedback types
in LTE

The purpose of CSI feedback is to provide the
eNodeB information about DL channel state to help
in the scheduling decision.
Compared to the WCDMA/HSPA, the main new
feature in the channel feedback is the frequency
selectivity of the report
CSI is measured by the UE and signaled to the
eNodeB using PUCCH or PUSCH
Channel state information in LTE can be divided
into three categories:
CQI - Channel Quality Indicator
RI - Rank Indicator
PMI - Precoding Matrix Indicator
In general the CSI reported by the UE is just a
recommendation
The eNodeB does not need to follow it
The corresponding procedure for providing UL
channel state information is called Channel Sounding;
it is done using the Sounding Reference Symbols, SRS
(not considered in this presentation)

(1) eNodeB
transmission
(3) UE
feedback
(2) UE CSI
measurement
Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)
The most important part of channel
feedback is the CQI
The CQI is defined as a table containing
16 entries with modulation and coding
schemes (MCSs)
The UE shall report back the highest
CQI index corresponding to the MCS for
which the transport block BLER shall
not exceed 10%
CQI index modulatio
n
coding rate x
1024
efficiency
0 out of range
1 QPSK 78 0.1523
2 QPSK 120 0.2344
3 QPSK 193 0.3770
4 QPSK 308 0.6016
5 QPSK 449 0.8770
6 QPSK 602 1.1758
7 16QAM 378 1.4766
8 16QAM 490 1.9141
9 16QAM 616 2.4063
10 64QAM 466 2.7305
11 64QAM 567 3.3223
12 64QAM 666 3.9023
13 64QAM 772 4.5234
14 64QAM 873 5.1152
15 64QAM 948 5.5547
UE reports highest MCS that it can
decode with a TB Error rate < 10%
taking into account UEs receiver
characteristic
* Efficiency is defined as number of bits
per resource elements
Rank Indicator (RI)
Rank Indicator is only relevant when the UE is operating in
MIMO modes with spatial multiplexing
For single antenna operation or TX diversity it is not used
RI is the UEs recommendation for the number of layers to
be used in spatial multiplexing
The RI can have values {1 or 2} with 2-by-2 antenna
configuration and {1, 2, 3, or 4} with 4-by-by antenna
configuration
The RI is always associated to one or more CQI reports
riEnable
Determines whether RI reporting is
enabled (true) or not (false)
LNCEL; true (1); false(0); false (0)
Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI)
PMI provides information about the preferred Precoding Matrix
Just like RI, also PMI is relevant to MIMO operation only
MIMO operation with PMI feedback is called Closed Loop MIMO
Example: codebook for 2 TX antennas
* PMI not used in RL10,
but used in RL20, to
support CL Spatial Mux
MIMO
Periodic and Aperiodic Reporting
The channel feedback reporting in LTE is divided into two main categories:
Periodic and Aperiodic

Periodic reporting
The baseline mode for CQI/PMI/RI
transmission is periodic reporting on
PUCCH
If the UE is scheduled to send UL data in
the subframe where it should transmit
periodic CQI/PMI/RI, the periodic report is
moved to PUSCH and multiplexed with data
The eNodeB configures the periodicity
parameters
The size of a single report is limited up to
about 11 bits depending on the reporting
mode
Limited amount of frequency information
Aperiodic Reporting
Aperiodic reports are explicitly
triggered by the eNodeB using a
specific bit in the PDCCH UL grant
Aperiodic report can be either
piggybacked with data or sent alone
on PUSCH
Possibility for large and detailed
reports (up to more than 60 bits)
The two modes can also be used to complement
each other:
- The UE can be e.g. configured to send
Aperiodic reports only when it is scheduled,
while periodic reports can provide coarse
channel information on a regular basis
CQIAperEnable
enabling / disabling aperiodic CQI
/RI/PMI reporting on PUSCH.
LNCEL; false/true; true
cqiPerNp
CQI periodicity
LNCEL; 2; 5; 10; 20; 20 ms
Categorization of CQI/PMI/rank reporting options
LTE CQI
reporting family
tree
Periodic
Frequency selective
Aperiodic
Single CQI Full Feedback Best-M Average
No PMI
Mode 2-0
24 bits
No PMI
Mode 3-0
30 bits
Multi PMI
1-2
60 bits
Single PMI
Mode 3-1
64 bits
Multi-PMI
Mode 2-2
38 bits
Wideband
No PMI
Mode 2-0
6 bits
Single PMI
Mode 2-1
11 bits
No PMI
Mode 1-0
4 bits
Single PMI
Mode 1-1
11 bits
Single or Multi-PMI = closed loop
MIMO with PMI feedback
No PMI = Single antenna, TxDiv or
OL MIMO
The maximum number of feedback bits
for each option Assuming 20 MHz BW
and 4*4 CL MIMO is listed excluding RI
- With Periodic reporting RI is sent in
separate subframes with potentially
larger periodicity
- In Aperiodic reporting The RI is
separately coded with each CQI/PMI
report
*See TS 36.213
cqiAperMode
Aperiodic CQI feedback mode
LNCEL; FBT1(0) familly modes 2-x, FBT2(1)- familiy modes 3-x
(x defined by MIMO algorithm internal in eNodeB); FBT2 (1)
CQI Aperiodic Reporting on PUSCH (1/2)
Compared to the WCDMA/HSPA, the main new feature in the channel
feedback is the frequency selectivity of the report
This is an enabler for the Frequency Domain packet Scheduling (FDPS)
Since providing a full 4-bit CQI for all the PRBs would mean excessive UL
signaling overhead, some feedback compression schemes are used
In order to reduce feedback, the CQI is reported per subband basis
The size of the subbands varies depending on the reporting mode and system
bandwidth
The main compression methods are:
Wideband feedback
Best-M average also called UE selected subband feedback
Full Feedback also called Higher Layer Configured subband feedback
Additionally, Delta compression can be used
E.g. in MIMO case the CQI for the 2
nd
Code Word can be signaled as a 3-bit
delta relative to the CQI of the CQI of the 1
st
CW
CQI Aperiodic Reporting on PUSCH (2/2)
Wideband feedback
Only a single CQI value is fed back for the whole system band
Cannot be utilized in FDPS
Best-M average also called UE selected sub-band feedback
For the M best sub-band an average CQI value is reported

Full Feedback also called Higher Layer Configured sub-band feedback
A separate CQI is reported for each sub-band using Delta compression

An example of Best-M
Average reporting with
3 MHz BW (15 RBs
means that the sub-
band size is 2 RBs
and the best 3 sub-
bands are reported)
M = 3 best Subbands are selected and an average CQI value is reported
Channel SINR
Subband index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PRB index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
BW /
RB
Sub-
band
size
(RBs)
# best
Sub-
bands
M
6-7 NA NA
8-10 2 1
11-26 2 3
27-63 3 5
64-110 4 6
CQI Periodic Reporting on PUCCH or PUSCH
Wideband feedback or UE selected sub-band
Period configurable
2, 5, 10, 20ms
Wideband feedback similar to aperiodic reporting
UE selected sub-band:
A single CQI result per report
The total number of sub-bands is divided into J fractions called bandwidth parts
Only the best sub-band per BW part is reported
Example: for 3 MHz there are 4 RBs per sub-band so there are 15/4 = 4 sub-bands.
Those 4 sub-bands are divided into 2 BW parts which means that there are 2 sub-
bands per BW part.*
Configured by higher layer signaling
BW / RB Subband
Size k
(RBs)
BW Parts (J)
6-7 NA NA
8-10 4 1
11-26 4 2
27-63 6 3
64-110 8 4
cqiPerNp
CQI periodicity
LNCEL; 2; 5; 10; 20; 20 ms
* A sub-band index is also signaled
Zadoff-Chu sequences
Zadoff-Chu sequences are used as
UL demodulation and sounding reference signals
random access preamble sequence
DL primary synchronization signal
ZC sequences are CAZAC (constant amplitude zero
autocorrelation) sequences
Low cubic metric and flat frequency response
The elements of ZC sequence are points from unit circle
It is possible to create ZC sequences of any length with
relatively simple formulas
Depending on sequence length different number of base/root
sequences can be formed
Sequence with prime number of elements is optimal
Root sequence can be considered as circular. Different cyclic shifts of
a root sequence can be obtained by changing the starting element
Cyclic shift must be larger than time ambiguity of received sequence

Uplink Control Signaling:
PUCCH vs. PUSCH
PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control
Channel)
Used when the UE is not sending
data simultaneously
Shared frequency and time
resource reserved exclusively for
the UEs transmitting only L1/L2
control signals
Optimized for large number of
simultaneous UEs with relatively
small number of control signaling
bits per UE (111)
Very high multiplexing capacity,
spectral efficiency e.g.
18 UEs/RB transmitting ACK/NACK
(PUCCH Format 1a/1b)
6 UEs/RB transmitting 11-bit CQI +
2-bit A/N (PUCCH Format 2b)

PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared
Channel)
Used when the UE transmits also
data
UE-specific resource that can be
used for L1/L2 control signaling
(based on scheduling decisions
made by Node B)
Capable to transmit control signals
with large range of supported
control sizes (1 64 bits)
TDM between control and data
(multiplexing is made prior DFT)

Single carrier limitations:
Simultaneous transmission of PUCCH and PUSCH is
not allowed. Separate control resources for the cases
with and without UL data are required
*TDM = Time Domain Multiplexing
PUCCH, basics
PUCCH (from single-UE perspective)
Frequency resource of one RB
Time resource of one sub-frame (A/N repetition is also supported)
Slot based frequency hopping is always used
It provides the sufficient degree of frequency diversity
Hopping takes place on the band edges, symmetrically over the center
frequency
Multiplexing between UEs
FDM btw RBs
CDM inside the RB

slot
system
bandwidth
Resource block
PUCCH
* FDM = Frequency Division Multiplexing
CDM = Code Division Multiplexing
A/N = ACK/NACK
PUCCH, UE Multiple Access Within a RB
UEs are separated using of CDM (within an RB)
Two orthogonal CDM techniques are applied on PUCCH
CDM using cyclic shifts of CAZAC* sequence
CDM using block-wise spreading with the orthogonal cover sequence

Multiplexing example: PUCCH Format 1/1a/1b (e.g., A/N)
Both CDM techniques are in use -> 18 parallel resources

*) The applied sequences are not true CAZAC but computer
searched Zero-Autocorrelation (ZAC) sequences
RS RS RS
slot
SF=3
SF=4
Cyclic Orthogonal cover code
shift 0 1 2
0 0 12
1 6
2 1 13
3 7
4 2 14
5 8
6 3 15
7 9
8 4 16
9 10
10 5 17
11 11
block-wise spreading
CDM in
CS
domain
SF = 3 for Reference Signals and SF = 4 for ACK/NACK
SF = Spreading Factor
deltaPucchShift
delta cyclic shift for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b
LNCEL; 1..3; 1; 2 (i.e. 6 cyclic shifts)
*CDM = Code Division Multiplexing
PUCCH Formats
Format 1/1a/1b
Length-12 CAZAC sequence modulation + block-wise
spreading -> 1 symbol (1 or 2 bits per slot)
Format 2/2a/2b
Length-12 CAZAC sequence modulation (& no block-wise
spreading) -> 5 symbols per slot

PUCCH formats Control type
PUCCH Format 1 Scheduling request
PUCCH Format 1a 1-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 1b 2-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 2 CQI
PUCCH Format 2a CQI + 1-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 2b CQI + 2-bit ACK/NACK
Number of Bits Multiplexing Capacity (UE/RB)
ON/OFF keying 36, *18, 12
1 36, *18, 12
2
36, *18, 12
20 12, *6, 4
21
22
12,* 6, 4
12, *6, 4
*typical value
Mapping of logical PUCCH resources into physical
PUCCH resources
m=1 m=0
m=3 m=2
m=2 m=3
m=0 m=1
slot
system
bandwidth
PUCCH
Periodic CQI is located at the outermost RBs
These resources are allocated explicitly via RRC
SR and persistent A/N are next to Periodic CQI
These resources are allocated explicitly via RRC
Dynamic A/N is located at the innermost PUCCH RBs
Allocated implicitly based on PDCCH allocation

m = 0 & 1 may contain formats
2/2a or 2b (e.g. CQI) -> fixed
allocation

m = 2 & 3 may contain
formats 1/1a or 1b (e.g. ACK)
-> dynamic allocation

02 Channel Config GC

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LTE Radio Parameters RL20

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