INTRODUCTION TO

PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPY

Iswandi Darwis, MD

Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapy
Faculty of Medicine Lampung University
Definitions
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetic
Pharmacodynamic
Pharmacy
Pharmacognosy
Clinical
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenetic
Pharmacotherapeutic
Pharmacoeconomic
The knowledge of : History, source, Physical &
chemical Properties, compounding, biochemical &
physiological effects, mechanism of actions,
absorption, distribution, biotransformation &
excretion, therapeutic & other uses of drugs
(Benet, 1997)
The science of substances used to prevent,
diagnose and treat disease
( = medical / clinical pharmacology)
(Katzung,1997)
Pharmacology
The study of absorption, distributions,
biotransformation and excretion of drugs
What the body do to the drugs
Fate of the drug in the body
Involved in how the concentration of drug
in the body varies with time
Pharmaco
kinetics
The study of biochemical and
physiological effects of drugs and their
mechanism of action
What the drug do to the body
Pharmaco
dynamics
The scientific study about
preparing, compounding
and dispensing of drugs
Pharmacy
The branch of
pharmacology that study
about sources of drugs
Pharmacognosy
The scientific study of
drugs in man
Clinical
Pharmacology
Pharmacotherapeutics
The study of the drugs use in the
prevention & treatment of disease
Some mechanism of actions of drugs
Stimulate / depress biochemical or physiological
functions relief of symptoms
Alter the course of disease
Eliminate the pathogenic cells / organisms
Pharmacogenetics
Study relationship of genetics factors to variations
in drug response (Brody, 1998)
Concerned with drugs responses that are governed
by heredity (Laurence & Bennet, 1987)
Inherited causal factors are :
Biochemical genes govern the production enzymes
Anatomical mydriatics induced glaucoma in patients with a
shallow anterior eye chamber
Toxicology
Aspect of
pharmacology
that deals with
AEs of drugs
Concerned
with
drugs used in
therapy
chemical
household and
industrial
intoxication
Chemical agent that effect the living process

Any substance used to modify physiological system OR
pathological condition for the benefit of the recipient
So what is drug?
Drugs
meet the health of the majority of
population
Essential drugs
marketed by any producers under non-
proprietary (=INN) / branded names
exp: paracetamol
Generic drugs
pharmaceutical products marketed
under branded names
exp: Panadol, tempra
Patent drugs
(branded drug)
a. on-ethical drugs sold without R/
Unlimited drugs (B-class) = OTC drugs
Without cautionary labeling

Limited drugs (W-class) = semi OTC drugs
With cautionary labeling
Pharmacy/licenced drug store

b. Ethical drugs sold with R/
Potent drugs (G-class)
Narcotics drugs (O-class)

Drugs in the market: classification
K
Thank You.....