Aquatic Eco systems

There are three Major Aquatic ecosystems.

Fresh water Ecosystem Rivers, Tanks, Reservoirs, Ponds
etc.
Brackish water Ecosystems Lagoons, Estuaries,
Mangroves, wetlands etc.
Marine Ecosystems Beaches, Sand dunes, Sea grass
beds, open sea, deep ocean etc.












Impacts on Fresh water Ecosystems
Water Poisoning & Bio diversity degradation due to the
Chemicals & Toxins emitting to the open rivers and streams
environment from factories, industries.
Garbage dumping in the river & river bank sites Home,
Residential wastages causes water quality depletion & eutrophic
conditions.
Solid litters.
Polythene, plastic materials
Inorganic materials - chemical substances, heavy metals.
Liquid wastages.
Modifications of Natural water bodies due industrial purposes
depletes water content of rivers, lakes & reservoirs hydro
electricity plants, irrigations etc.

Contd
Over Fishing & mindless Exploitations decline the genetic diversity &
lead to endanger the particular fish species.
Removing forest covers and vegetation adjacent to the fresh water
bodies for cultivation & construction purposes reduces bio-
community & interrupts the balance of river environment .
overdrawing groundwater for drinking, irrigation, and industrial uses
leads to depletion of ground water content & complete drainage of
fresh water bodies.
Introducing exotic species into natural reservoirs, streams & tanks
causes imbalance of ecosystem ,threats the native species &
increase the demand for food & shelter.


Unpleasant results of Cruel human activities in
Fresh water bodies
Impacts on Brackish water ecosystems
Poor disposal of sewage water & litter depositions in estuarine
environments alters the water quality block the natural water flow.
Deforestation of mangroves and other vegetations in brackish
environment due to the construction & industrial aquaculture and fisheries
practices causes frequent flooding & erosion.
Extreme fishing activities over fishing, usage of banned exploitation
gears.
intensive tourism activities pollute the environment sport fishing,
boating, boat safari and collecting rare brackish water organisms as
souvenirs.
Bridge and building construction in brackish environments alters water
quality parameters and makes impossible of existence of organisms in the
particular environment.
Gem, soil mining activities in brackish environment cause land degradation,
hyper turbid condition & eutrophication in particular ecosystem.


Some Human Activities Impact to The Brackish
Ecosystems
Impacts on Marine Ecosystem
Oil spills occurred by the transportations & unexpected accidents of
of huge oil tankers in ocean cause huge & long term impact on the
ocean environment & the associated bio community.
Oil exploitations & mineral mining in deep sea zones pollutes sea
bottom and destruct the benthic bio diversity.
Destructive & banned fish exploitations-blast fishing, ghost fishing.
Coral mining-not only affect the coral reefs, also kills thousands of
micro and macro organisms which are depend on corals for food &
habitat.
Sand mining in beaches & shallow coastal zone causes land
degradation in off shore region & sea erosion.


Contd
Massive construction projects due to the tourism development, harbor &
fishery developments causes coastal deforestations & land degradation.
Coastal water quality alteration & pollution can be occurred due to sewage
& garbage disposal of beach hotels & restaurants.
Intensive tourism activities such as boating, sport fishing, hunting &
collecting the rare marine organisms as souvenirs cause threats to the
coastal bio diversity & leads to the extinction of rare species.
Anchoring of fishing vessels & ships damage and destructs corals & other
organisms live in seabed.

Climate & Temperature changes in the marine environment
due to the human activities especially the green house effect
causes major threats to the whole marine ecosystem & its
floral and faunal community.