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 Using SAS functions, you
can
◦ convert data from one
data type to another.
◦ calculate sample statistics
◦ create SAS date values
◦ convert ZIP codes to state
postal codes
◦ round values
◦ generate random
numbers
◦ extract a portion of a
character value
SAS function:
function-name(argument-1<
,argument-n>); where
argument can be
◦ variables  mean(x,y,z)
◦ constants  mean(502,612,498)
◦ expressions  
mean(37*2,192/5,mean(22,34,56))
◦ Even if the function does not
require arguments, the function
name must still be followed by
parentheses, for example:
function-name().
SAS Techies 2009 11/02/21
 Automatic Character-to- INPUT (source,informat)
Numeric Conversion where
data hrd.newtemp; ◦ source indicates the character
set hrd.temp;
variable, constant, or expression
to be converted to a numeric
Salary=payrate*hours;
value
run;
◦ a numeric informat must also be
specified,
SAS Log
Explicit Character-to-Numeric
Conversion
4 data hrd.newtemp;
5 set hrd.temp;
6 Salary=payrate*hours;
7 run;

NOTE: Character values have been converted

data hrd.newtemp;
to numeric values at the places given set hrd.temp;
by: (Line):(Column). 6:11
Salary=input(payrate,2.)*hours;
NOTE: The data set Hrd.Newtemp has 40 observations
and 19 variables.
run;
NOTE: The data statement used 0.78 seconds.

SAS Techies 2009 11/02/21

 Automatic Numeric-to- PUT (source,format) where
Character Conversion ◦ source indicates the numeric
variable, constant, or expression
to be converted to a character
data hrd.newtemp; value
set hrd.temp; ◦ a format matching the data type
Assignment=site||'/'||department; of the source must also be
specified
run;
SAS Log Explicit Numeric-to- Character
Conversion
4 data hrd.newtemp;
5 set hrd.temp;

data hrd.newtemp;
6 SiteCode=site||department;
7 run;

---> NOTE: Numeric values have been converted to set hrd.temp;

character values at the places given by: (Line):
(Column). 11:13 Assi=put(site,2.)||'/'||
NOTE: The data set Hrd.Newtemp has 40 observations and
department;
19 variables.
NOTE: The data statement used 1.06 seconds.
run;

SAS Techies 2009 11/02/21

Functin Description Form Sample Value
YEAR Extracts the year value from YEAR(date) 2002
a SAS date value.
MONTH Extracts the month value MONTH(date) 12
from a SAS date value.
DAY Extracts the day value from a DAY(date) 5
SAS date value.
MDY Contructs SAS date from the 01/01/1960 ->> 0
values passed to it MDY(month,day,year)

DATE() Gives the current date Date() 14686

Today()
Today()

SAS Techies 2009 11/02/21

Function Usage Example

SCAN SCAN(argument,n,delimiters) LastName=scan(‘How, R’,1,' ,');

SUBSTR SUBSTR(argument,position,n) Initial=substr('NsHARAD',1,1);

substr(x,1,3)=‘NEW'; Where x=‘SKWEST’

TRIM TRIM(argument)
LEFT(argument) NewAddress=trim(‘Jersey ‘)
NewAddress=trim(left((‘ Jersey ‘) )
INDEX INDEX(source,excerpt)

Found=index(‘SAS Analyst,‘SAS ')

UPCASE UPCASE(argument)
UPCASE(‘sharad’)
LOWCASE LOWCASE(argument)
LOWCASE(‘ShaRAD’)

SAS Techies 2009 11/02/21