CDA

(Critical Discourse Analysis)

Ronald Maraden Parlindungan
Silalahi
What is CDA
An interdisciplinary approach to the study
of discourse that views language as a form
of social practice and focuses on the ways
social and political domination are
reproduced by text and talk.
What is CDA
CDA was first developed
by the Lancaster school
of linguists of which
Norman Fairclough was
the most prominent
figure.
What is CDA
Ruth Wodak also
made a remarkable
contribution to this
field of study. The
approach draws
from several
disciplines in the
humanities and
social sciences
What is CDA
The CDA Approaches draws
from social theory and
contributions from
Karl Marx
Antonio Gramsci
Louis Althusser
Jurgen Habermas
Michael Focoult
Pierre Bourdie
in order to examine ideologies
and power relations involved in
discourse. Language connects
with the social through being the
primary domain of ideology, and
through being both a site of, and
a stake in, struggles for power
Concepts Underlying CDA
Language and Power
Language is the medium used to portray the
reality.
The performance of power in reality is
reflected through the use of language.
By using language, the owner of power
manipulate the reality in order to persuade the
language hearer (receiver) to follow the
manipulated messages.

Language and Power

Concepts Underlying CDA
Language
As the medium
of
communication Power
Receiver
Concepts Underlying CDA
Ideology
a set of ideas that constitutes one's goals,
expectations, and actions.
An ideology can be thought of as a comprehensive
vision, as a way of looking at things
The main purpose behind an ideology is to offer either
change in society, or adherence to a set of ideals
where conformity already exists, through a normative
thought process.
Ideologies are systems of abstract thought applied to
public matters and thus make this concept central to
politics.

Language and Power

Concepts Underlying CDA
Language
As the medium
of
communication
Sender Receiver
Concepts Underlying CDA
Hegemony
The political, economic, ideological or cultural
power exerted by a dominant over other groups.
It requires the consent of the majority to keep
the dominant group's leader in power.
Power or dominance, when it is better defined as
emphasizing how control is achieved through
consensus not force.
Faircloughs Three Dimensional
Framework of CDA
Fairclough developed a
three-dimensional framework
for studying discourse, where
the aim is to map three
separate forms of analysis
onto one another:
analysis of (spoken or written)
language texts,
analysis of discourse practice
(processes of text production,
distribution and consumption)
analysis of discursive events as
instances of sociocultural
practice
CDA in News
News
The Medium to spread
information.
Written
Newspaper
Magazine
Journal
Oral + Written
TV News
Radio




Faircloughs Three Dimensional
Framework of CDA

Language
As the medium
of
communication
Sender Receiver
News
How to Analyze News
analysis of
discursive events as
instances of
sociocultural
practice
Analysis of
(spoken or written)
language texts.
-Word Structure
-Passivization
-Nominalization
-Pronoun
-Figurative
expression
+ Parallelism
+ Figure of Speech
Analysis of
discourse practice
(processes of text
production,
distribution and
consumption)
- Distribution of
text, Sender and
Receiver
-Consummation,
Impact, and
Responds