Balanced diet The overall dietary pattern of

foods consumed that provide all the essential

nutrients in the appropriate amounts to support
life processes, such as growth in children
without promoting excess weight.
Diet-The kind of food that we eat and
drink regularly.
A balance diet contains
i. Carbohydrates
ii. Proteins
iii. Vitamins
iv. Mineral salts
v. Fiber
vi. water
Functions of the important food classes
1. Carbohydrates-
supply energy


2. Proteins- Provide
materials for growth
and repair.



3. Fats- Provide
energy and stores
excess food.Soluble
1.
2.
3.
4. Vitamin -Need for small
quantity to keep healthy.



5.Mineral salts-For healthy teeth,
bones, musles,.etc.



6. Dietary fiber-Help intestine to
function, properly.

5.
6
7.

1. Milk, and Milk
products (little bit)


2. Meat, Fish, Eggs,
nuts, Beans (20%)


3. Vegetables and
Fruits (20%)


4. Rice, Bread,
Cereals ( 60%)

Table 1:Factor effecting daily energy requirement of the human body
Bil Factor Effect Reason
1. Age -Children and young (21 years)
need more energy.
-Old and aged people need less
energy

-A high metabolic rate is needed
to produce extra energy for
physical growth
- Metabolism slow down
2. Body Size -Person same sex and age need
more energy compare smaller
build
-More energy for basal
metabolism and smaller build
3. Sex -Men have high metabolism then
women
-Tend to be bigger, and more
actively
4. Genetic -Genetic disposition -Metabolic rate influence by
your genes
5. Occupatio
n
-Heavy and active work need
more energy.
-Higher energy requirement
6. Climate -Living in cold countries need
more energy to maintain body
temperature compared to those
living in the tropics.
-More heat lost to surroundings
in colder countries
7. Pregnancy -Pregnant women require more
energy than non-pregnant
women
-Higher metabolic rate is
required to support the energy
requirements of the mother and
developing fetus
Definition of energy value of food:

The energy produced when 1 gram of food is completely combusted

Measured in units of joule per gram (J/g) or kilojoules per gram (kJ/g)
How to calculate energy value in food sample???
Energy release: Q=mct

Q= Heat
m=mass
c= heat capacity 4.2J/g
o
C
t=temperature
energy Value (J/g)=Mass of water (g) x Temperature rise (
o
C) x 4.2 J/g
o
C
Mass of Food (g)
DAILY ENERGY
REQUIREMENT OF
THE HUMAN BODY
AGE
BODY
SIZE
SEX
GENES
OCCUPATION PREGNANCY
CLIMATE
LACTATION
LIFE STYLE
Diet kinds of food we eat and drink regularly

Balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats
vitamins, mineral salts, fibres & water
in the correct proportions

Energy , Q = mct m = mass
c = 4.2 J/g0C
t = temperature