SISTEM INFORMASI

Mengapa belajar system informasi?

Konsep system

Ling!ngan system

Tipe system

Organisasi sebagai sistem

"#y St!$y Information Systems

%omp!ters are e&ery'#ere

(eople)"orers all #a&e to !se *omp!ters an$ $epen$ on

information systems in t#eir 'or
Information systems are at t#e fo!n$ation of organi+ations to$ay
Ele*troni* *ommer*e is rapi$ly be*oming t#e $ominant 'ay of $oing
b!siness, of transa*ting b!siness an$ managing organi+ations
- .!siness to .!siness /.0.1, .!siness to %!stomer, .!siness to
Employee
- .!siness to 2o&ernment, 2o&ernment to %ons!mer, 3
To #elp yo!
- A$&an*e yo!r *areer
- .e a better manager
- In yo!r o'n personal life
%#allenges in t#e St!$y of MIS

"i$e &ariety of no'le$ge areas

.o$y of no'le$ge is re*ent an$ e&ol&ing

Terminology impre*ise an$ *ontro&ersial

%#anging te*#nology an$ pro$!*ts

IS problems)sol!tions $iffi*!lt to i$entify an$

$efine

Ambi&alen*e to'ar$ %omp!ters)IS, 4 IS

(rofessionals
on t#e part of managers, !sers, an$ t#e p!bli*5

Abstract System : orderly arrangement of

interdependent ideas or constructs

Physical System : a set of elements which operate

together to accomplish an objective
IN(6T (RO%ES
S
O6T(6T
I n t e r f a c e s
Subsystem
Subsystem
Subsystem
ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT
F!rt#er perspe*ti&e 7 System %on*epts

"#at is a system?
-A set of *omponents t#at intera*t to a**omplis# goals
-Systems *an be &ie'e$ as pro*ess mo$els in terms of t#eir
inp!ts, o!tp!ts, pro*essing, an$ fee$ba*)*ontrol me*#anisms5

"#at is an IS?
-
A set of interrelate$ *omponents t#at *olle*t inp!t, pro*ess, an$
o!tp!t $ata an$ information an$ pro&i$e a fee$ba*)*ontrol
me*#anism

"#at is a %.IS?
-An IS t#at !ses IT5
-%omponents7 #ar$'are, soft'are, $atabases, net'ors, people,
pro*e$!res
FUNCTIONS of an INFORMATION SYSTEM
ENIRONMENT ENIRONMENT
C!stomers S!""liers C!stomers S!""liers

OR#ANI$ATION OR#ANI$ATION
INFORMATION INFORMATION
SYSTEM SYSTEM
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
FEE%&AC'
Re(!latory Re(!latory Stoc)hol*ers Com"etitors Stoc)hol*ers Com"etitors
A(encies A(encies
System E8amples

6ni&ersity - an e8ample
-
Inp!ts7 st!$ents, fa*!lty, te8tboos
-
(ro*essing me*#anisms7 tea*#ing, resear*#,
ser&i*e
-
O!tp!t7 gra$!ates
-
2oal7 a*9!isition of no'le$ge
Man!fact!rin(
Process
In"!t of
Ra+ Materials
O!t"!t of
Finishe* Pro*!cts
En,ironment
Other Systems
Control by
Mana(ement
Control
Si(nals
Control
Si(nals
Fee*bac)
Si(nals
Fee*bac)
Si(nals
System &o!n*ary
A Man!fa*t!ring System7 2eneri* %omponents
Systems7 Some E8amples

6ni&ersity
-
Inp!ts7 St!$ents, Fa*!lty,
Te8tboos
-
(ro*esses7
E$!*ation)%o!rses
-O!tp!t7 gra$!ates
-Fee$ba*7 s!r&eys,
gra$es
Toyota (lant
-Inp!ts7 ra' materials,
*omponents
-(ro*esses7 assembly line
-O!tp!t7 mini:&ans
-
Fee$ba*7 *!stomer
s!r&eys, 9!ality reports

Fast Foo$ IS
-
Inp!ts7 *ons!mer or$ers
-
(ro*esses7 pro*essing
soft'are
-O!tp!t7 re*eipts, *oo;s
or$er list
-Fee$ba*7 in&ali$ entry
message
<i$eo Store IS
-Inp!ts7 rentals, ret!rns
-(ro*esses7 pro*essing
soft'are
-O!tp!t7 reports, rental
agreement
-
Fee$ba*7 error repots
Deterministic Systems Probabilistic Systems

operates in predictable manner

interaction is known with

certainty

eg.: computer program

probable behavior

certain degree of error

eg.: inventory system

Closed Systems Open Systems

self-contained

no exchange with environment

eg.: sealed chemical reaction

self-organizing

exchange with environment

eg: living systems,

organizations
No exchanges with
environment
Controe! exchange with
environment insuate! from
outsi!e !isturbances
"nown an!
!efine!
in#ut
"nown an!
!efine!
out#ut
Sub$ect to %nown an! un%nown
in#uts an! environmenta
!isturbances
"nown
"nown
&n%nown
'isturbances
Out#ut
Closed Systems
Relatively Closed System
Open System

created, not occurring in nature

to support the objectives of designers and users

eg.: organizations, I, computer programs

In decision making process (behavioral models) :
!"lassical #conomic $odel : closed system
!%dministrative $odel : open system
Organizations as Open Systems
&. 'he importation of energy
(. 'hroughput
). *utput
+. ystems as cycles of events
,. -egative entropy
.. Information input, negative feedback, and the
coding process
/. 'he steady state and dynamic homeostasis
0. 1ifferentiation
2. #3uifinality
Inormation Systems as a System
The 5 (five ) major subsystems :
&. 4ardware and system software
(. $anagement and %dministration
). *perations
+. %pplication ystem 1evelopment and
$aintenance
,. %pplication ystems