Anatomy & Physiology for

Sport

Origins & Insertions
Session 10
Session Aim/Objectives

Aim

Gain knowledge of muscles & origin/insertions
for part of task 7 on the assignment
Objectives

List names of muscles in the body (Re-cap)
Identify origin/insertion of different muscles
Lesson Re-cap


Name the different types of muscles

What is the difference between
Voluntary & involuntary muscles?


Muscular Attachment


Muscles are attached to bones via t.s
Tendons are inelastic and inflexible
Muscles have a a point of o..n and a point of
in.
The attachment of muscle tendon to a
stationary bone is called the point of origin
The attachment of a muscle tendon to a bone
that moves is called the point of insertion
The insertion is where the tendon of the muscle joins the moving
bone(s).
The Origin and Insertion
When a muscle contracts, only one bone moves leaving the other
stationary. The points at which the tendons are attached to the
bone are known as the origin and the insertion.
Origin
Insertion
The radius and ulna are the moving bones.
The origin is where the tendon of the muscle joins the stationary
bone(s).
The arm is being flexed.
The humerus and scapula are stationary bones.
Origin & Insertion
Example: Bicep
Origin = scapula
Insertion = radius
Task 1

Attempt to name the
insertion and origin on
the following muscles
Gastrocnemius
Hamstrings
Quadriceps
Tricep
Bicep
Trapezius
Deltoid


Origin and Insertion




Muscle Origin

Insertion

Gastrocnemius Back of femur Calcaneum
(Heel bone)

Hamstrings Pelvis femur
Quadriceps Top of femur/pelvis Through patella onto
tibia
Origin and Insertion
Muscle Origin Insertion
Tricep Scapula and humerus Ulna and forearm
Bicep Scapula Radius
Trapezius Base of cranium and
thoracic vertbrae
Clavicle and scapula
Deltoids Clavicle and scapula Top of humerus
Conclusion

Muscles have a point ofand a point
of.., What do they mean?

What is the insertion and origin of the
hamstring muscle?

Next Session Antagonistic muscle
pairings




Session 11
Session Aim/Objectives
Aim

Gain knowledge of antagonistic pairs for part of
task 7 on the assignment

Objectives

All will Identify antagonistic muscle pairs from
different movements at joints

Some will identify muscle pairings used through
different types of movements
Re-cap previous session
Name as many muscles as you can in the
human body!
Antagonistic Muscle Pairs

Agonist -- A muscle that produces a desired
action is the prime mover or agonist (biceps
brachii for flexion of the forearm).

Antagonist -- The muscle that opposes the
desired motion is the antagonist; it must be
relaxed while the agonist is contracted
(triceps brachii for flexion of the forearm).
Skeletal muscles work across a joint and are attached to the
bones by strong cords known as tendons.
Movement of the arm
at the elbow
Antagonistic Muscles
They work in pairs, each contracting or relaxing in turn to create
movement.
Agonist or Prime Mover
(Biceps contract)
The muscle doing the work (contracting) and creating the
movement is called the agonist or prime mover.
Flexion (Bending) of the Arm
Antagonist
(Triceps relax)
The muscle which is relaxing and letting the movement take place
is called the antagonist.
Flexion of the Arm
Drag each label to the correct place on the arm. (Although both flexion
and extension are shown, the labels only refer to flexion).
Activity What are these muscles paired with?
Pectorals /
Anterior deltoids /
Trapezius /
Spinae erector /
Right external obliques /
Hamstrings /
Gastrocnemius /
Triceps /
Different muscle pairs
Pectorals / Latissimuss Dorsi
Anterior deltoids / Posterior deltoids
Trapezius / Deltoids
Spinae erector / Rectus abdominus
Right external obliques / Left external
obliques
Hamstrings / Quadriceps
Gastrocnemius / Tibialis anterior
Triceps / Biceps


Task
In pairs think of 3 movements and
provide the agonist & antagonist for
each muscle pairing.
Locate and name the following parts involved in the extension of the arm:
Origin
Insertion
Triceps: agonist
(prime mover)
contracting muscle
Biceps: antagonist
relaxing muscle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna Metacarpals
Phalanges
Carpals
Extension (Straightening) of the Arm
Agonist (prime mover) Antagonist
Origin Insertion
Any Bones
Extension of the Arm
Drag each label to the correct place on the arm. (Although both flexion
and extension are shown, the labels only refer to extension).
Task
In the table provided name the muscles being used in
the following movements and determine which is the
agonist/antagonist * It may help to carry the
movement out
Push-up
Calf stretch
Chest press
Tricep dip
Conclusion

Muscles work in p., they have an
a.and a ..., what does each do?

Q. If the knee joint is flexed what
muscles are relaxing/contracting

Next session Types of muscular
contraction