Dynamic Analysis & UBC 97

Shafat Qazi, P.E.

Breiholz Qazi Engineering Inc.
1852 Lomita Boulevard
Lomita, CA 90717
Tel: (310) 530-3050
Email: Shafat@bqe.com
Web: http://www.bqe.com/engineer
Structural Engineers Association of Southern California
What we will talk about...
New Soil type, Ca & Cv Coef., Fault types etc
Understand Simplified Method
New Static force method
Dynamic analysis (AYWTKBWATA)
Example two story steel frame building
Build 3D model (while you wait)
Compare Simplified, Static and Dynamic
Questions and Answers.
UBC 97 Soil Types
Soil Type Description Shear Wave Velocity
SA Hard Rock > 5000
SB Rock 2500 to 5000
SC Soft Soil 1200 to 2500
SD Stiff Soil 600 to 1200
SE Soft Soil < 600
SF
Site Specific
Response Coefficients
Soil Profile
Ca Cv
SA 0.32 Na 0.32 Nv
SB 0.40 Na 0.40 Nv
SC 0.40 Na 0.56 Nv
SD 0.44 Na 0.64 Nv
SE
0.36 Na 0.96 Nv
Zone 4
Fault Types
Type Magnitude Slip Rate mm/year
A > 7.0 > 5.0
B 6.5 to 7.0 2.0 to 5.0
C < 6.5 < 2.0
Near Source Factors
Source Type
Na Nv Na Nv Na Nv Na Nv
A 1.5 2 1.2 1.6 1 1.2 1 1
B 1.3 1.6 1 1.2 1 1 1 1
C 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
> 15 Km
Distance from the fault
< 2 Km 5 Km 10 Km
Simplified Design
V = (3.0 Ca / R) W
Use Ca = 0.57 for Soil Type SD
===> V = (1.72 / R) W <===

Base Shear Examples
Using Simplified method as an example
R V V/1.4
Typical Home 5.5 0.31 W 0.22 W
Tiltup 4.5 0.38 W 0.27 W
Braced Frame 7 0.24 W 0.17 W
SMRF (Steel) 8.5 .20 W 0.14 W
Static Force Procedure
V = (Cv I W) / (R T)
Maximum V = (2.5 Ca I W) / R
Minimum V = 0.11 Ca I W
In Zone 4, V must be greater than:
Vmin > (0.8 Z Nv I W) / R
Static Force Calcs
Cv = 0.44 Na for Soil SD
Na = 1 (unless you are near a fault)
V = 2.5*0.44*1.0*W / R
===> V = 1.10 W / R
Example:
V = 0.20 W for R = 5.5
V = 0.24 W for R = 4.5
Dynamic Analysis
Deals with Force, Mass, Stiffness
F = m a
Ground Motion:
Build Spectrum using figure 16.3
Get a site Specific Spectrum.
Use Time History
Build one from CSMIP Data.
10 % Probability in 50 Years.
Which Software?
RISA 3D, RISA 2D
ETABS, SAP 2000
STAAD
RAM STEEL

Example Problem
2 Story building
3x3 Grid ( 9 columns)
Steel Frame (SMRF)
Concrete floors.
Located in Zone 4
Typical floor height 12 feet
Foot print 60 ft x 40 ft.

Example Problem Sketch
20 ft.
20 ft.
30 ft. 30 ft.
60 ft.
40 ft.
Example Problem Data
Site is 9 KM from the fault.
Nearest Fault type = A
Soil type is SD
Roof: DL = 50 psf LL = 20 psf
Floor DL = 60 psf LL = 50 psf
Total Weight = 432 Kips
DL Weight = 264 Kips
Simplified Method Calcs
V = 3.0 Ca W / R
Ca = 0.57 R = 8.5
V = (3.0*0.27 / 8.5) W
V = 0.20 W = 0.20 * 264 Kips
V = 52.8 Kips
Static Method Calcs
V = (2.5 Ca I W) / R
Ca = 0.44 Na = 0.44*1.0 = 0.44
V = (2.5*0.44*1.0 / 8.5) W
V = 0.13 W = 0.13 * 264 Kips
V = 34.3 Kips
Story Force Distribution
Story Wx hx Wx hx Ratio Fx
Floor 2 50 24 1200 0.62 33 K
Floor 1 60 12 720 0.38 20 K
Example Problem
Using Etabs 6.2, we will now create our
two story example building and analyze it
using simplified and dynamic method.
Future of an SE?
Computers will help not replace.
Improved project management.
Distributed computing and calculations.
Subscribed software usage.
Improved constructability.
1200 Mhz by year 2001.
Better Fee. ( more MONEY)
What we talked about...
New Soil type, Ca & Cv Coef., Fault types etc
Understand Simplified Method
New Static force method
Dynamic analysis (AYWTKBWATA)
Example two story steel frame building
Build 3D model (while you wait)
Compare Simplified, Static and Dynamic
Questions & Answers
Feel free to contact me:

Shafat Qazi, P.E.
Breiholz Qazi Engineering
1852 Lomita Boulevard
Lomita, CA 90717
Tel: (310) 530-3050
Email: Shafat@bqe.com
Web: http://www.bqe.com/engineer