Basic Kinematics

Course Content
I. Introduction to the Course
II. Biomechanical Concepts Related to
Human Movement
III. Anatomical Concepts Related to Human
Movement
IV. Applications in Human Movement
Course Content
I. Introduction to the Course
II. Biomechanical Concepts Related to
Human Movement
III. Anatomical Concepts Related to Human
Movement
IV. Applications in Human Movement
Biomechanical Concepts
A. Basic Kinematic Concepts
B. Vector Algebra
C. Basic Kinetic Concepts
Biomechanical Concepts
A. Basic Kinematic Concepts
B. Vector Algebra
C. Basic Kinetic Concepts
Basic Kinematic Concepts
1. Variables for escribing Motion
!. Reference "#stems for escribing Motion
of the Human Bod# and Its "egments
$. %uidelines for escribing Motion of the
Human Bod# and Its "egments
Rigid Body Mechanics
Rigid Body
Mechanics
Statics Dynamics
Constant Velocity Motionless
Kinematics Kinetics
Kinematics Kinetics
What is kinematics?

"patial and temporal characteristics

&ualitative or 'uantitative

(inear ) angular motion

Why use kinematics?

*ractical+ *rovides a standard for us in performing,

teaching, or evaluating a s-ill

Research+ .nce /e describe, /e can as- /h#0

Problem ith kinematics?

*ractical+ *roper -inematics does not al/a#s mean

proper force application
Basic Kinematic Concepts
1. Variables for escribing Motion
!. Reference "#stems for escribing Motion
of the Human Bod# ) Its "egments
$. %uidelines for escribing Motion of the
Human Bod# ) Its "egments
Kinematic Variables

1ime

*osition

isplacement ) distance

Velocit# ) speed

Acceleration
!ime " !emporal #nalysis
2H340
H.2 .51340
I4 2HA1 .R3R0
H.2 (.4%0

Most basic anal#sis

36amples+

Cadence

"tride time

1emporal patterning
!emporal Patterning
!emporal Patterning
Stance Sing
#bsolute $s% Relati$e !iming
Position

position 7 location in space relative to some

reference point

(inear position 8s9

6,#,: coordinates

Angular position 89

;nits
2H3R30
Displacement & Distance

isplacement 8s, 9

5inal change in position

Vector 'uantit#

istance 8p, 9

"um of all changes in

position

"calar 'uantit#
H.2 5AR0

;nits 8m, <9

Velocity & #cceleration

Velocit# 8v, 9

Vector 'uantit#

position time

;nits 8m
.
s
71
, <
.
s
71
9

Acceleration 8a, 9

Vector 'uantit#

velocit# time

;nits 8m
.
s
7!
, <
.
s
7!
9

Insight into
forces=tor'ues
H.2 5A"10
H.2 &;ICK(>
I" V3(.CI1>
CHA4%I4%0
Basic Kinematic Concepts
1. 1#pes of Motion
!. Variables for escribing Motion
$. Reference "#stems for escribing Motion
of the Human Bod# ) Its "egments
?. %uidelines for escribing Motion of the
Human Bod# ) Its "egments
Re'erence Systems( )inear
*+ ,+
,y
*y
*-
hori:ontal
vertical
hori:ontal
Must define origin of
reference s#stem to
'uantif# -inematics.
./
0./
12./
34./
rad
5 re$
673 rad
8 re$
73 rad
9 re$
3 rad
1 re$
#bsolute Re'erence Systems(
#ngular
CCW *
Relati$e Re'erence Systems(
#ngular
Relati$e Re'erence Systems
5undamental
"tanding
*osition
Anatomical
"tanding
*osition
All @oints A Be6cept
C
An-le A DB
C
5orearm varies
Re'erence Systems 'or Measuring
:oint Position & Displacement
B
DB
1?B
1?B
B
B
?B DB
DB
Basic Kinematic Concepts
1. 1#pes of Motion
!. Variables for escribing Motion
$. Reference "#stems for escribing Motion
of the Human Bod# ) Its "egments
?. %uidelines for escribing Motion of the
Human Bod# ) Its "egments
1% Distinguish beteen motion
& position o' ;oints &
segments%
# B
3% Recogni-e that either
segment can rotate about a
;oint%
6% Recogni-e that bones mo$e
linearly as ell as angularly%
<% =nderstand that mo$ement
generally occurs in obli>ue planes
around obli>ue a+es%
?% When obser$ing motion@
look at the plane@ don the
a+is%
Summary
1. Identif# the s#stem of interest
!. Identif# the t#pe8s9 of motion of interest
$. Identif# the reference s#stem for the motion
?. escribe precisel# the temporal ) spatial
characteristics of that motion using appropriate
terminolog# for the situation

1ime

*osition

isplacement 8R.M9

Velocit#

Acceleration
Aor the ne+t lecture day(

(ecture 1opic E!

"ubtopic C F Vector Algebra