PROJECT PRESENTATION

on
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF URBANISATION ON WATER
BODIES USING GIS A CASE STUDY OF KUMASI
METROPOLIS
by

BEMA ADWOA (MISS

Supervised by MRS CYNTHIA BOYE

MODE OF PRESENTATION

PROBLEM DEFINITION
OBJECTIVES
JUSTIFICATION
METHODOLOGY
FACILITIES USED
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION




PROBLEM DEFINITION
CAUSES OF URBANISATION
lack of resources in rural areas.
standard of living in urban areas will be much
better in rural areas
Natural increase caused by a decrease in death
rates while birth rates remain high.



Urbanisation is considered as the process in which
the number of people living in cities increases
compared with the number of people living in rural
areas( Vimala, 2006 )

PROBLEM DEFINITION CONT
IMPACT OF URBANISATION
Socio-economic impacts
Environmental impacts
Socio-cultural impacts

BENEFITS OF URBANISATION
Growth of commercial activities
Social & cultural integration
Efficient services
Resources of utilization



























EFFECTS OF URBANISATION
Overcrowding
Poor sanitation facilities
Unemployment
Crime
Pollution
Water degradation and scarcity
Natural resource depletion

URBANISATION IN KUMASI
Kumasi is noted as the second largest city in the
country with a population 1,170,270 as at 2000 and
current population being 1,520,117

This city being the central part of the Ashanti Region
has gained a tremendous shift of the populace from the
rural areas.

This is as a result of the presence of some amenities
such as industries, trading centers and other business
venture



URBANISATION IN KUMASI

In Ghana here a town is considered urban when the
population is equal to or greater than 5000

Increase in the proportion of urban population in
Kumasi relative to the total population of Ashanti
Region posses a potential risk to the water resources.

This is because a number of the population
encroaches on the banks of water bodies in the
Kumasi Metropolis.

URBANISATION IN KUMASI

The discharge of liquid waste from sewers and
drains into the rivers also threatens the water
quality of these water bodies.

This project therefore seeks to build a map to
show the relative impact of urbanization on water
bodies in the central part of the Ashanti Region.
Figure 1 shows a encroachers along a water body
OBJECTIVES



The objectives of the study are to:
Assess changes in urbanization patterns of Kumasi
Metropolitan Area within the time frame of 2000 to 2010
as a result of the impact .

Determine any correlation between the population
growth and the rate of encroachment of the water bodies

Propose measures that should be put in place to
effectively mitigate the impact

JUSTIFICATION
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a
computerized system that facilitates the phases of
data entry, data analysis and data presentation
especially in cases dealing with geographically
referenced data.

GIS was used because of it capabilities of making
use of both the spatial and demographic data used in
generating the map

This has however proven to be a useful tool for
identifying problematic location and quantifying the
exact impact urbanisation on our water bodies in
relation to this project.
METHODOLOGY
DATA MANAGEMENT
GENERATION OF
MAP
CREATION OF BUFFER
AND ITS ANALYSIS
LITERATURE REVIEW
DATA COLLECTION
FACILITIES AND RESOURCE USED
Library facilities at UMaT


Internet facilities at UMaT

Data about place of study from KMA, GWCL, Town
and Country Planning

Consultation with supervisor and other lecturers in
the Department of Geomatic Engineering
RESULTS
In the creation of the buffer a distance
allocated by the town and country planning
which is 100ft was used. This was converted
into meters. As such 30.48m buffer was create
was for both maps
2000
2010
RESULT AND DISCUSSION CONT
2000 2010 % increase
Perimeter 2,785

4,680


68
Area 104478 160304 53
Towns 5000
57

65

14
Cities 5000 62 72 16
Table 1 Values of Measured Data on the Selected Buffer
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The result obtained shows that the urbanisation
pattern of Kumasi Metropolitan Area within the time
frame of 2000 to 2010 has increased due the increase
in population.

It also shows that there is correlation between the
population growth and the rate of encroachment of the
water bodies



CONCLUSION
From the analysis made GIS has proven its capable of
assessing the exact impact of urbanisation on the
water bodies .

Also it has been proven that rate encroachment on
the banks of the water bodies in Kumasi increases as
a result of the increase in the population.
RECOMMENDATION
Infrastructure needs to be improved in the rural areas.

Opportunities should be created within rural areas to
prevent migration to cities.

Much attention should be given to the urbanisation
process by the formulation of strong policy by the town
and country planning of KMA in protecting our water
bodies




THANK YOU