Introduction to Built Environment

Design Process
INTRODUCTION
Definition of Design?
Design means to conceive, contrive, or devise the form
and structure of a building or other construction.

Conceive
To form an idea or conception in the mind.

Contrive
To form in an artistic or ingenious manner.

Devise
To form in the mind by new combinations or application of existing
ideas or principles.


Design also means the process of creating, evaluating, selecting
and arranging
(United States Government, Printing Office Training , Manual (Circa 1952)
Definition of Design Process?

Design process is a purposeful activity aimed at devising a
plan for changing an existing situation into a future
preferred state, esp. the cyclical, iterative process
comprising the following phases:

Process
A systematic series of actions or operations leading or
directed to a particular end.

Phase
A particular stage in a process of change or development.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 1 : INITIATION

(Problem Statement/ Identification)
Identifying a problem and its social
economic, and physical context.

Program:
A procedure for solving a problem as a:

i) Statement setting forth the context,
ii) Conditions,
iii) Requirements and,
iv) Objectives for a design project.

STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 2 : PREPARATION
(Research Finding Design Criteria)
Data collecting and analyzing
relevant information and
establishing goals and criteria for
an acceptable solution.
Analysis
Separating of a whole into its constituent parts of
elements, esp. as a method of studying the nature of
the whole and determining its essential features and
their relations.
i) Existing concept or,
ii) New ideas/ Concepts.
Data input
Collect & 0rganize data
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
Alternative (Several ideas)
One of the propositions or
courses of action to be
chosen from a set of two or
more mutually exclusive
possibilities.
Synthesis
Combining of separate, often
diverse parts or elements so as to
form a single or coherent whole.



Hypothesis
Formulating a tentative
assumption in order to draw out
and test its logical or empirical
consequences.
Conceptualizing the ideas
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
1) Develop:
To work out, expend, or realize the
capabilities or possibilities of so as to
bring gradually to a fuller or more
advanced or effective state.

2) Modify:
To change the form, character, or
qualities of in order to give a new
orientation to or to serve a new end.

3) Refine:
To improve or elaborate in order
to make more fine or precise.
Initiating & visualizing idea
Improving ideas through
studies and creative thinking
STAGE 3 : Problem Solution / Solving
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
4) Inflection
A bend, angle, or similar
change in the shape of a
configuration, by means of which a
change of relationship to some
context or conditions is indicated.

5) Transformation
The process of changing in
form or structure through a series of
discrete permutations and
manipulations in response to a
specific context or set of conditions
without a loss of identity or concept.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
(Problem Solution / Solving) cont.
Draft
A preliminary version of a plan or design.
Rough ideas.
Sketches.
Fine drawing.
2D drawing.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 4 : EVALUATION
Simulating, testing and modifying acceptable
alternatives according to a specified goals and criteria
(Design Criteria).
Evaluate
To ascertain or assess the
significance, worth, or quality of,
usually by careful appraisal and
study.

Simulate (Visual/ Feel)
To create a likeness or model of
something anticipated for testing and
evaluation.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
EVALUATION CONT.
Model: (3D)
A miniature
representation,
usually built to
scale, to show
the appearance
or construction
of something.
Test:
To subject a system or process to such
conditions or operations as will lead to
a critical evaluation of abilities or
performance and subsequent
acceptance or rejection.
Mock-up: (3D)
A full-sized model of a
building or structure,
built accurately to
scale for study, testing
or teaching.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 5 : FEEDBACK
Evaluative information
about an action or
process prompting a
return to a preceding
phase for alteration or
correction.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 6 : ACTION
Selecting and implementing the most suitable solution.
Through;

1) Communicate/ Discussion:
(Getting response)
To express, convey, or
interchange ideas, information,
or like by writing, speaking or
through a common system of
signs or symbols, esp. In a way
that is clearly and readily
understood.
Ideas is discuss to obtain
better opinion and ideas.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
2) Proposal (Ideas)
The offering of a plan for
consideration,
acceptance, or action.







3) Select
To choose from a
number of alternatives
by fitness or preference.
4) Implement
To ensure the fulfillment
of by means of a
definite plan or
procedure.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 7 : REEVALUATION
Assessing how well an implemented solution in
use satisfies the specified goals and criteria.
Through;

1) Judgment
The mental ability to perceive distinctions,
comprehend relationships, or distinguish
alternatives.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
REEVALUATION CONT.
The judgment will be based on;
a) Function
The natural or proper
action for which something
is designed, used, or exists.
b)Purpose
The reason for which
something exists or is
done, made, or used.
A functional design meets
the humans need.
A design should have a
distinctive purpose for human.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
REEVALUATION (cont.)
The judgment will be based on;
c) Amenity
Any feature that
provides or increases
comfort, convenience
or pleasure.
(Ergonomic)
d) Economy
Careful, thrifty and efficient use
and management of resources
(costing, packaging, etc)
e) Criterion
A standard, rule,
or principle on
which a
judgment or
decision may
be based.
Comfort is necessary to obtain
a better level of usability.
Economical factors is
crucial to avoid
wastage.
STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS
STAGE 8 : DATUM / DECISION MAKING
An assumed, given, or otherwise determined fact or proposition
from which conclusions may be drawn or decisions made.
Take into consideration:
1) Dynamics.
The pattern of change, growth
or development of an object or
phenomenon.
(Trend)
2) Charrette.
An intense effort to complete
a design project within a
specified time. Also charrette.
(Time frame)

Design & technology
goes hand in hand.
A workable design meets
the intended date-line.
Design Process and Design Development
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CONCLUSION

You have to doubt all the time, (you have to)
feel unsatisfied until, for some reason, and that
is the mystery of the design process until you
feel it (the solution) is the one that is right.
Mario Bellini
ALL THESE PROCESS NEEDS
CREATIVE THINKING
Thank you