Origin of life

Presented by
Ayesha khan
Kanza saleem
The geological timescale

Past life is often referred to being a

part of a certain era.there are 4 eons
on the geological scale
Hadean eon

4.5 to 3.8 billion years ago

The hadean era did not contain life
Archean eon

3.8-2.5bllion years ago

This era saw the formation of the first
cells
This era saw the creation of simple
bacteria and plant like algae
Proterozoic eon

2.5B-544 million years ago

About 1.8 billion years ago eukaryotic
cells began to appear
Phanerozoic eon

544 million years ago till today

In this era many life forms began to
flourish
EARTH BIOSPERE AND LIFE
SCIENCES
Earth’s original atmosphere contained
little or no molecular oxygen,which is
required by current animal and
advanced plant life forms
The oxygen currently in our
atmosphere is produced by green
plant photosynthesis
Human are returning carbon dioxide
to the atmosphere
QURAN ON THE CREATION OF
MAN
The Quran tells us that the creation of man
took place in gradual stages
“And Allah created you from dust, then from
a sperm-drop, then he made you pairs”
“And We made from water every living
thing... (21:31)”
“He Who has made perfect everything He
has created. and He began the creation of
man from clay. (32:8)”
CONCLUSIONS
( 1 ) The material from which man has been
created is not eternal. It was created by
God.
(2) Man's creation involved an evolutionary
process extending over a long period of
time. He was not created in a moment.
(3) Man was created from an origin of his
own species. It is not correct that he
evolved from a species of monkeys or apes
which is the theory advanced by Darwin.
) He next passed through a stage of
animal life but intelligence had not yet
developed in him although he moved
about, ate an
) He became and drank
intelligent being like
able to other
speak and communcate.

animals.
) He became an intelligent being able
to speak and communicate.
In his final stage he devised a system
of life and started on the road to
civilization and culture. Instead of
each individual living for himself, as is
the case with other and lower
animals, he began to work in co-
operation with others of his species
evolving a system and law of life.
Scientific point of view
When the earth formed some 4.6 billion
years ago, it was a lifeless, inhospitable
place. A billion years later it was teeming
with organisms resembling blue-green
algae. How did they get there? How, in
short, did life begin? This long-standing
question continues to generate fascinating
conjectures and ingenious experiments,
many of which center on the possibility that
the advent of self-replicating RNA was a
critical milestone on the road to life.
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION

Before the mid-17th century, most

people believed that God had created
humankind and other higher
organisms and that insects, frogs and
other small creatures could arise
spontaneously in mud or decaying
matter.
the mid-19th century two important
scientific advances set the stage for
modern discussions of the origin of life
In one advance Louis Pasteur discredited
the concept of spontaneous generation. He
offered proof that even bacteria and other
microorganisms arise from parents
resembling themselves. He thereby
highlighted an intriguing question: How did
the first generation of each species come
into existence?
The second advance, the theory of natural
selection, suggested an answer.
According to this proposal, set forth by
Charles Darwin, When the environment
changes, individuals bearing traits that
provide the best adaptation to the new
environment meet with the greatest
reproductive success.
Repeated generation after
generation, natural selection could
thus lead to the evolution of complex
organisms from simple ones. The
theory therefore implied that all
current life-forms could have evolved
from a single, simple progenitor -
In the late 1960s Francis Crick
proposed that RNA might well have
come first and established what is
now called the RNA world - a world in
which RNA catalyzed all the reactions
necessary for a precursor of life's last
common ancestor to survive and
replicate
Further, contemporary organisms
carry their genetic information in
nucleic acids - RNA and DNA
From such findings we can infer that
our last common ancestor stored
genetic information in nucleic acids
More recent research which is supported
by Professor Jones and Professor
Osborne, tends to conclude that although
man has developed through an
evolutionary process he branched off from
other animals at a much earlier period; and
during that time he developed on
independent exclusive lines as compared
with other animals. In other words, man did
not branch off from some kind of ape, as
Darwin believed, but a long time before
that during the development of animal life.