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Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reliability Principles
of RAN Networks
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Overview

This document describes network design for Huawei

BSC6900/6910 with an emphasis on reliability principles on
the RAN.
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
Contents
1. Active/Standby Boards with Manual Active/Standby LAGs
2. Active/Standby Boards with Dual Active Ports
3. Standalone Board with Load-Sharing Ports
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Basic Principles of IP Networking
DEV IP: Specifies the logical IP address for BSC board communication. This logical IP address is shared by the
active and standby boards.
Port IP: IP1 is the IP address of the active port. The standby port needs to configure the IP address only when an
ARP detection is needed.
Bearer network: L3 routers are Router 1 and Router 2. These two routers use VRRP to enhance router.
VRRP IP9: Specifies the virtual IP addresses of Router 1 and Router 2.
Routing: Specifies the path from the active BSC to the MGW. The path is IP1----VRRP IP----IP8, in which IP1 is the
source address, VRRP IP9 is the MGW address, and IP8 is the destination address. Because Router 1 and Router 2
use VRRP, VRRP IP9 replaces IP3 and IP4 as the actual MGW address.
MGW
Router 3
Router 4
MSC
Server
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
IP 1
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
IP 6 IP 7
IP 8
BSC
IP 5
Page 4
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Principles of Manual Active/Standby LAGs

Two FE/GE links on a board on the BSC6900 side

are configured into an aggregation group that
connects to two routers.

The aggregating mode of the aggregation group

must be manual mode. The working mode of the
aggregation group must be active/standby mode.

Two FE/GE links on the active and standby

boards are configured into an aggregation
group that connects to VRRP devices.
Page 5
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Active/Standby Boards with Manual
Active/Standby LAGs

Link aggregation applies to EXOUa (BSC6910)/FG2d/FG2c/GOUd/GOUc interface boards.

Aggregation groups must be created in slots in the logical board. The TRUNK group supports bearing logical ports.

An aggregation group may consist of multiple sub-links. A member port must be allocated in the active/standby boards
which contain slots of aggregation ports. Member ports of the TRUNK group have the same data rate and work in full
duplex mode. The ports are not configured with IP addresses, logical ports, or ETHMEP. For EXOUa boards, the maximum
number of supported 10GE ports in an aggregation group is 2. For FG2d/FG2c/GOUd/GOUc boards, the maximum
number of supported member ports in an aggregation group is 8.

The number of IP addresses configured in each aggregation group is up to 6.

MGW
Router 3
Router 4
MSC
Server
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
IP 1
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
IP 6 IP 7
IP 8
BSC
IP 5
Page 6
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Principles of the IP Pool

In a transmission pool, the peer NE can simultaneously connect

to multiple interface boards on the BSC side. If an interface board
on the BSC side is faulty, services will not be interrupted. This
improves the network reliability.

This solution requires a three-layer networking between the BSC

and the MGW to ensure full mesh between the MGW and all
interface boards on the BSC side.
After multiple transmission interface boards on the BSC side form
a transmission resource pool, the MGW can communicate with
any interface board in the pool. When the load of an interface
board in the pool is high, the BSS automatically distributes
subsequent calls to interface boards with light traffic. In addition,
the BSC implements the free configurations on IP routes and IP
paths. That is, when the IP address is added or modified on the
MGW, the BSC does not need to change the configuration of the
corresponding IP path or IP route.
Page 7
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
IP Interface Boards - Independent Switchover of Different
Manual Active/Standby LAGs (Recommended)
After a
switchover
The solution of active/standby boards with manual active/standby LAGs is based on port aggregation. In this
mode, the active port sends and receives packets, while the standby port is normally unused or is only used
in link detection. Active/standby ports are separate from active/standby boards. The active port can be on
either the active or standby board.
As shown above, after a switchover, active and standby boards remain unchanged. Port 0 of the active
and standby boards are switched over. Port 0 uses IP1 in the standby board.
The networking based on active/standby boards, active/standby ports, Layer 3 networking, router VRRP,
and device IP for communication are recommended.
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
Port 0
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
VRRP IP 10
BSC
Port 0 : IP 1
Port 1 :IP 2
Port 1
V
R
R
P
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
Port 0 : IP 1
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
VRRP IP 10
BSC
Port 0
Port 1 : IP2
Port 1
V
R
R
P
Page 8
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
IP Interface Boards - Principles of
Active/Standby Board Switchover
After a
switchover
After the active and standby boards are switched over, their active/standby status is
changed. Logical IP address moves with the active board. Port IP addresses move
with the active port. Difference between manual active/standby LAGs and
active/standby ports is not about the networking but about the command
configuration of the internal MML.
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
Port 0
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
BSC
Port 0 : IP 1
Port1 : IP 2
Port 1
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
Port 0 : IP 1
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
BSC
Port 0
Port 1
Port1 : IP 2
Page 9
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. Active/Standby Boards with Manual Active/Standby LAGs
2. Active/Standby Boards with Dual Active Ports
3. Standalone Board with Load-Sharing Ports
Page 10
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
IP Networking - Active/Standby Boards with
Dual Active Ports (Optional)
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
IP 5
IP 6
BSC
IP 1
IP 2
IP 3
IP 4
After a
switchover
Features: The DEV IP is configured on the logical active board. The two ports use IP addresses of different network segments.
Based on the active/standby MGW features of the source IP, the active and standby paths are bound to the egress ports of
the active and standby boards to achieve active/standby routes of the active and standby boards. In addition, the DEV IP is
used to configure the egress ports on the active and standby boards and configure active and standby routes on the router, so
that the ports of the active and standby boards can provide backup for each other. After the active/standby boards are
switched over, routes will be switched over but ports will keep unchanged. Compared with the solution of active/standby
boards with active/standby ports, the solution of active/standby boards with dual active ports provides a twice capacity due to
the load sharing on both active ports but requires a more complex configuration.
Router 1
Router 2
Standby Active
DEV IP
IP 5
IP 6
BSC
IP 1
IP 2
IP 3
IP 4
Page 11
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. Active/Standby Boards with Manual Active/Standby LAGs
2. Active/Standby Boards with Dual Active Ports
3. Standalone Board with Load-Sharing Ports
Page 12
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
IP Interface Boards - Standalone Board with Load-
Sharing Ports (Optional)
Two boards work independently, achieving inter- and intra-board load sharing. Priority level of
routes from the two boards to the destination address must be the same.
Characteristics: External load balancing between boards is enabled without board
active/standby configuration. If one board is faulty, ongoing calls are disconnected, but new
calls can still be accepted.
Router 1
Independent
IP Backbone
IP 2 IP 3
BSC
IP 1
Independent
IP 4
Page 13
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Detection Mechanism: BFD and ARP
Recommended detection methods:
1.The active port uses single-hop dual BFDs for fault detection. The destination IP addresses are the port IP addresses of the two VRRP routers in the
next-hop (IP3 and IP4 shown above).
2.The standby port uses the ARP for fault detection. The destination IP address is the VRRP IP1 of the router. The standby port must be configured with
an IP address to initiate the ARP detection. (Configure the IP address for the standby port when configuring the ARP detection rather than when running
ADD ETHIP.)
3.If faults are found on the active port by both BFDs but no fault is found on the standby port by the ARP, an active/standby ports switchover is triggered.
4.Networking solutions using the BFD and ARP for fault detection are as follows:
- Active/standby boards with manual active/standby LAGs;
- Active/standby boards with dual ports.
If the A interface uses the IP pool, enable the ICMP ping detection in the IP pool.
Router 1
Router 2
Active Standby
DEV IP
IP 2
V
R
R
P
IP 3
IP 4
VRRP IP 9
BSC
IP 1
BFD to router1
BFD to router2
ARP to
Router2
Page 14
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 15
OM Networking Design

Physical IP2:
10.161.26.22/
29
Physical IP1:
10.161.26.21/
29
Logical IP:
10.161.26.23/29

Router 1
Router 2
SW1
SW2
V
R
R
P
TRUNK
For dual OMUs, three IP addresses are required: physical IP addresses for each
OMU and a shared logical IP address. The three IP addresses must be on the same
network segment.
Port switchover within the same board is preferred.
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