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This document summarizes the development of Israel's health care system and identifies key challenges. It notes that in the 1980s, the Netanyahu Commission recommended establishing a national health insurance program, reorganizing the Ministry of Health, and decentralizing the system. While Israel passed a national health insurance law in 1994, gaps in health services and personnel remain, particularly in the southern district of the country.
This document summarizes the development of Israel's health care system and identifies key challenges. It notes that in the 1980s, the Netanyahu Commission recommended establishing a national health insurance program, reorganizing the Ministry of Health, and decentralizing the system. While Israel passed a national health insurance law in 1994, gaps in health services and personnel remain, particularly in the southern district of the country.
This document summarizes the development of Israel's health care system and identifies key challenges. It notes that in the 1980s, the Netanyahu Commission recommended establishing a national health insurance program, reorganizing the Ministry of Health, and decentralizing the system. While Israel passed a national health insurance law in 1994, gaps in health services and personnel remain, particularly in the southern district of the country.
Nadav Davidovitch, MD, MPH, PhD Department of Health Systems Management Ben Gurion University, Israel Background Israel Demography Israeli population (2003) Total population 6748400 Jews 5,165,400 Muslims 1,072,500 Christians 142,400 Druses 110,800 Religion Unclassified 254,600 Working Force 2,810,000
CBS, Israel, 2001 Immigration to Israel
Netanyahu Commission Recommendations legislation to introduce NHI; reorganization of the Ministry of Health; regionalization, decentralization and enhanced competition; centralized nancing system and capitation payments; introduction of private medical practice in public hospitals; Netanyahu Commission (1988-1990) Defining the Problems Inadequacies in the services provided to the public Ministry of Healths dual role as service provider and regulator vague nancing and budgeting procedures suboptimal organization of the system and lack of managerial tools low levels of employee satisfaction and motivation. Health Expenditure Per Capita International Comparison (2008) Number of General Hospital Beds per 1,000 People in Israel in the Last Decade Number of Hospital Beds per 1,000 Persons International Comparison (2008) National health expenditures in Israel by financing sector % contribution to national expenditure Households Government Year 25 75 1995 25.5 74.5 1996 29.2 70.5 1999 30.8 65.5 2001 31.5 65.7 2002 29.8 59.4 2003 30.8 57.8 2004 32.4 55.9 2005 33.5 54.5 2006 33.4 54.3 2007 32.1 54.3 2008 Co-payment as percentage of sick funds' income Co-payment percentage of sick funds' income Year 5.7 1995 5.3 1996 5.6 1997 6.2 1998 7.6 1999 8.1 2000 8.8 2001 9.6 2002 7/11/2014 National Health Insurance Law 1994 National Health Insurance according to this Law is based on the principles of justice, equality and solidarity 7/11/2014 Age adjusted Odds Ratio of Death of Women by Education & Time Period In Israel 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 45-69 45-69 70-89 70-89 13+ 9-12 0-8 Manor et al 1983-1992 1995-2001 1983-1992 1995-2001 13.4 11.8 9.3 6.3 5 3.8 0 5 10 15 1-4 5-8 9-10 11-12 13-15 16+ Y e a r s
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e d u c a t i o n IMR Data: Israeli Ministry of Health, 2005 Mortality rate per 1000 live births Y r s
e d u c a t i o n
X 3.5 Infant Mortality by Maternal Education 1996-1993 7/11/2014 Infant Mortality by Maternal Education 2002 - 2000 12.8 9.5 7.7 5.4 3.8 2.8 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1-4 5-8 9-10 11-12 13-15 16+ X 4.6 Years of education Data: Israeli Ministry of Health, 2005 Mortality rate per 1000 live births National South Hospital beds (general) 2.0 1.4 Hospital beds (mental health) 0.47 0.30 Geriatric beds (rates for age 75+) 2.8 2.0 Rehabilitation beds 0.1 0.04 Dialysis 0.09 0.05 Emergency room 0.15 0.09 Gaps in health services Southern District (rates per 1000 population) South/ national rate 70% 64% 71% 40% 56% 60% National South Total 15.0 11.2 Dentists 0.8 0.4 Nurses 5.2 4.2 Doctors 3.2 2.5 Gaps in health care personnel Southern District (rates per 1000 population) South/ national rate 75% 50% 81% 78%
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