Communicating with

Respondents
Self-administered questionnaires
Telephone interviews
Personal interviews
Azka Shehzadi
MS13MBA034
MAIL IN-PERSON
DROP-OFF
INSERTS FAX
PAPER
QUESTIONNAIRES
E-MAIL INTERNET
WEB SITE
KIOSK
ELECTRONIC
QUESTIONNAIRES
SELF-ADMINISTERED
QUESTIONNAIRES
Self-Administered
Questionnaires
Mail Surveys
Mail Surveys
Versatility of questioning
Highly standardized format
Questionnaire length
Varies depending on incentive
Item nonresponse
High
Mail Surveys
Possibility of respondent misunderstanding
Highest--no interviewer present for clarification
Degree of interviewer influence of answer
None--interviewer absent
Supervision of interviewers
Not applicable
Mail Surveys
Anonymity of respondent
High
Ease of call back or follow-up
Easy, but takes time
Cost
Lowest
Increasing Response Rates
Effective cover letter
Money helps
Interesting questions
Advanced notification
Survey sponsorship
Keying questionnaires
Self-Administered Questionnaires
Using Other Forms of Distribution

Drop-Off Method
Fax Survey

E-Mail Questionnaire Surveys
Speed of data collection
Instantaneous
Geographic flexibility
worldwide
Cheaper distribution and processing costs
E-Mail Questionnaire Surveys
Flexible, but
Extensive differences in the capabilities of
respondents computers and e-mail software
limit the types of questions and the layout
Respondent cooperation
Varies depending if e-mail is seen as spam

Internet Surveys

A self-administered questionnaire posted on
a Web site.
Respondents provide answers to questions
displayed online by highlighting a phrase,
clicking an icon, or keying in an answer.
Internet Surveys

Speed of data collection
Instantaneous
Cost effective
Geographic flexibility
worldwide
Visual and interactive
Internet Surveys
1) not all individuals in the general public
have internet access
2) many respondents lack powerful
computers with high-speed connections to
the internet
3) many respondents computer skills will
be relatively unsophisticated.
Internet Surveys

Possibility for respondent misunderstanding
High
Interviewer influence of answers
None
Supervision of interviewers
not required

Internet Surveys

Anonymity of Respondent
Respondent can be anonymous or known
Ease of Callback or Follow-up
difficult unless e-mail address is known
Special Features
allows graphics and streaming media
Kiosk Interactive Surveys

A computer with a touch screen
Respondent chooses to interact with an on-
site computer
These surveys often require a fieldworker
Personal assistance is an obvious
disadvantage
Sidra Basit
MS13MBA006
Telephone Surveys
Telephone Surveys
Speed of Data Collection
Very fast
Geographical Flexibility
High
Respondent Cooperation
Good
Versatility of Questioning
Moderate
Telephone Surveys
Questionnaire Length
Moderate
Item Nonresponse
Medium
Possibility of Respondent Misunderstanding
Average
Degree of Interviewer Influence of Answer
Moderate

Telephone Surveys
Supervision of interviewers
High, especially with central location WATS
interviewing
Anonymity of respondent
Moderate
Ease of call back or follow-up
Easy
Telephone Surveys

Cost
Low to moderate
Special features
Fieldwork and supervision of data collection
are simplified; quite adaptable to computer
technology
Telephone Surveys
Central location interviewing
Computer-assisted telephone interviewing
Computer-administered telephone
interviewing
Computerized voice-activated interviews
Text-Message Surveys

Ayesha Iqbal
MS13MBA044
Personal Interviews


Good Afternoon, my name is
_________. I am with _________
survey research company. We are
conducting a survey on_________
Door-to-Door Personal Interview
Speed of data collection
Moderate to fast
Geographical flexibility
Limited to moderate
Respondent cooperation
Excellent
Versatility of questioning
Quite versatile
Door-to-Door Personal Interview
Questionnaire length
Long
Item nonresponse
Low
Possibility of respondent misunderstanding
Lowest


Door-to-Door Personal Interview
Degree of interviewer influence of answer
High
Supervision of interviewers
Moderate
Anonymity of respondent
Low
Door-to-Door Personal Interview
Ease of call back or follow-up
Difficult
Cost
Highest
Special features
Visual materials may be shown or
demonstrated; extended probing possible
Mall Intercept Personal Interview
Speed of data collection
Fast
Geographical flexibility
Confined, urban bias
Respondent cooperation
Moderate to low
Versatility of questioning
Extremely versatile

Mall Intercept Personal Interview
Questionnaire length
Moderate to long
Item nonresponse
Medium
Possibility of respondent misunderstanding
Lowest


Mall Intercept Personal Interview
Degree of interviewer influence of answers
Highest
Supervision of interviewers
Moderate to high
Anonymity of respondent
Low
Mall Intercept Personal Interview
Ease of call back or follow-up
Difficult
Cost
Moderate to high
Special features
Taste test, viewing of TV commercials
possible
Computer Assisted Personal
Interview
Instead of collecting data on paper
questionnaires
Interviewers use portable computers to enter
data directly via a keyboard.
Time
Costs
Mixed-mode Survey/Hybrid
Survey
Study that employs any combination of
survey methods.

Rabia Hussain
MS13MBA020
Selecting the
Appropriate/optimal
Survey Research Design

There is no best form of
survey; each has advantages
and disadvantages.
Selected Questions to Determine
the Appropriate Technique
Is the assistance of an interviewer
necessary?
Are respondents interested in the issues
being investigated?
Will cooperation be easily attained?
Selected Questions to Determine
the Appropriate Technique
How quickly is the information needed?
Will the study require a long and complex
questionnaire?
How large is the budget?
Pretesting
A trial run with a group of respondents to
iron out fundamental problems in the
instructions of survey design
Ethical Issues in Survey Research
Respondents right to privacy
The use of deception
Respondents right to be informed
The need for confidentiality
The need for honesty in collecting data

Outsourcing Survey Services
Practice is the best of all
instructors.



Any Questions???