1882-1939

1799: Total population = 250,000-300,000

1882: 450,000 inhabitants; 24,000 were Jews
In four Holy Cities: Jerusalem, Tiberius, Safed, & Hebron;
Couple hundred jews in each of Haifa, Jaffa, Akko, and Aza
(Gaza)
About 110 Jews in Pekiin, Shafram
1918: Jewish population = 56,000 out of 70,000
In 1925: 108,000 Jews

Year Population
Jewish Land Ownership
(Cumulative)
Arab Palestinians Jewish Palestinians
Dunums %
Numbers % Numbers %
1880 300,000 94% 24,000 6% N.A. N.A.
1917 Balfour
Declaration
504,000 90% 56,000 10% 650,000 3%
1922 666,000 89% 84,000 11% 751,192 3%
1931 850, 000 83% 174,096 17% 1,171,529 4%
1936 916,061 72% 384,078 28% 1,380,578 5%
1945/46

1,242,000 69% 608,000 31% 1,588,365 6%
1947 UN
Partition

1,300,000 67% 640,298 33% 1,900,000 7%
SELF-
DETERMINE
D IDEAS
COMMON
LANGUAGE
WHAT IS A NATION ?
COMMON
RELIGION
COMMON
HISTORY
POLITICAL
ENTITY
NOT A
STATE
France becomes a republic
1829
1839
Belgium becomes independent
Italy becomes a nation
1850
Greece becomes a nation
1848
Germany reunites
1870
PREJUDICE
JUSTIFICATION
RETALIATION
LOGICAL
RATIONAL
CONCIOUS
THE
CRIME
IS
BEING
JEWIS
H
THERE IS NO
SOLUTION
NO
ALTERNATIVE
NO
REDEMPTION
ONCE A JEW,
ALWAYS A JEW
JEWISH
RACE
NOT INDIVIDUAL
JEW
VIOLENCE TOWARDS JEW
SAME AS VIOLENCE
TOWARDS OTHER
RELIGIONS AND
NATIONALITIES
ANTI-SEMITISM
WHY COME? ANTI-SEMITISM
POGROMS IN
UKRAINE
DREYFUS
JEWS AS
SCAPEGOATS
NATIONALISM WAVE
ASSASSINATION
OF CZAR
PALESTINE AMERIKA
SUPPORT ZIONISM
AND SOCIALIST
IDEAS
WE HAVE NO PLACE
TO CALL HOME
WE WILL NEVER BE
FULLY ACCEPTED
Homeland dreaming to 1840
State defining 1840s - present
State seeking 1760s - 1920s
State making 1880s - 1948
State keeping 1948 - present
What would it be like to have a homeland
of our own?
How do you make a state?
How do you move people?
How do you create settlements and
create economies?
TERRITORIALISM
CULTURAL
PRACTICAL
RELIGIOUS
REVISIONIST
POLITICAL
SOCIALIST
ZIONISM
NEW JEW
OLD JEW
Climate
Hardiness Physical Condition
Workability of the Land
Swamps
Mosquitos, Locusts
WATER, WATER, WATER!!!!!
Language


These young Jews came from Eastern Europe.
They dreamed of working on the land though
they had not been farmers.. They struggled
with swamps. They fought mosquitoes that
carried disease. They dealt with unfriendly
Arab neighbors. Many died or went back
home.
Baron de Rothschild 35,000 leave

1882
1860-1904
Der Judenstaat (The
Jewish State), 1896
Alteneuland (The Old
New Land), 1902
The Dreyfus Affair, 1894
Lilien, Moses (Freedom)
LIlien, Moses on mount Sinai, illustration in
Books of the Bible
These Jews from Eastern Europe were more
prepared than the first group. They started the
Kibbutz movement. They began building the
city of Tel Aviv. This Aliya created a group
of armed watchmen called Hashomer (The
Guard) to protect their settlements.
40,000 from Russia found Degania and Tel
Aviv; leave
1908
1917
Britain promises the Jews a homeland
They also promise the Arabs their own
nation if they help to beat the Ottomans
Britain gets involved as a means of
protecting the Suez Canal
These Jews came from Russia and Poland. They
wanted to work their land. They wanted to be
friendly neighbors, too. The Arabs were
unhappy that more and more Jews were coming.
They attacked the Jewish homes and towns. To
defend themselves, the Jewish settlers started a
military group. It was called the Haganah
30,000 90,000 from Eastern Europe few
leave

1923
United
Jewish
Appeal
Poster
These olim came to the land to get away from
anti-Semetism in Eastern Europe. Anti-
Semitism is hatred of Jews. Most of the olim
settled in bigger citites. They helped people
from preschool through college age go to
school. In 1925, they began the Hebrew
University on Mount Scopus in Jerusalem.
82,000 from Poland and Hungary. 23,000
leave
1923
United
Jewish
Appeal
Poster
1925
These Jews arrived in Palestine when Hitler rose
to power in Germany. This was the largest of all
the Aliyot. Aliyot means more than one aliyah.
Not all of the European Jews were lucky enough
to come though. The British were in charge of
Palestine at the time. They only let a small
number of people come in. Many people who
stayed in Europe died in the Holocaust.
250,000 from Germany and Eastern Europe.
Population reaches 450,000 by 1940

Tzena, tzena, tzena, tzena
ha-banot u-rena ayalim ba-
moshava
Al na, Al na, Al na, Al na, al na
titabena Mi ben ayil, ish tzava
Go out, go out, go out girls and see
soldiers in the moshava (farming
community).
Do not, do not, do not hide yourself
away from a virtuous man [a pun on
the word for "soldier"], an army man.

1936
United
Israel
Appeal
Poster
2/3 of the land was purchased by 1939
1946
United Israel
Appeal
Poster