CIS 764

Kansas State University

Directed by Riyad AlRihieli

Java Persistence API
JPA
Review Topics:
Introduction
what is the JPA?
What is the JPA contains of?
Why developers should Create the JPA?
Is there Relationship between the EJB and JPA?
What the JPA dose exactly?
Sample process of java persistence API.
Comparing between the EJB3 and the EJB2?
What the advantages of using the JPA?
what is my Tutorial ?
Questions?

Introduction
One of the significant improvement in the java plate
form is the JPA.
This is because it offers developers much easier way
to access and manipulate relational data in the java
application.
There is more than that .
The reaction to the java persistence has been
extremely positive from the java community
JPA has had a good start with strong acceptance by
the java developers.

What is JPA?

JPA stands for a java persistence API which is Javax.
Persistence Package. Basically , it is a Java programming
Language framework that helps developers to control relational
data in java platform. The JPA exactly was described as part of
the EJB3.0 , which is a replacement to the EJB2CMP Entity
Beans specification, specification . As we know that a java
persistence API is the newest of several Java persistence
specifications.
What is persistence consists of.. ?
Any persistence consists of there Areas:
The API, defined in the Javax. Persistence
package
The java persistence Query Language
Object / relational meta data.
What JPA does exactly?

JPA defined a runtime Entity Manger API
processing queries and transaction on the
objects against the database.
It is defined a objects-level query language
JPQL to allow querying of the objects from
the database.
What is java persistence query language is
used for?

Basically, JPQL stands for Java Persistence
Query Language. And it is used to make
queries for against entities stored in a
relational database. Queries resemble SQL
queries in syntax, but operate against entity
objects rather than directly with database
tables.
Is there relationship between the JPA
and EJB?
The answer is yes , there is a relationship
between J ava Persistence API(J PA) and
Enterprise J ava Beans (EJ B).
java persistence is a part of EJ B which is it part
of the J ava EE5. Also, developers do not require
EJ B container in order to run applications, which
use persistence. The API might be used
outside the container within J ava EE and
can even stand alone in the J ava
Platform, Standard Edition (J ava SE).

Sample Process of Using Java
Persistence API

Why we should use the Java Persistence
API?
There is a great Motivation for creating JPA
Many enterprise Java developers have been using
lightweight persistent objects, which supported by
open-source frameworks or data access objects as a
substitute of entity beans. This is because entity
beans and enterprise beans were too heavyweight
and complicated. Furthermore, they could only be
used in Java EE application servers.
Comparing the EJB3 and the EJB2
In fact, there are many differences, which are the advantages of
EJB3.0, between the EJB 2.1 version EJB 3.0 version :



The EJB 3.0 EJB 2.1
1. Annotations and default
replace a lot of cumbersome
code.
2. Persistence entities are simple
concrete ,and plain old java
object ( POJ O)classes that
developers can run as they
would any other simple java
technology classes
3. The API provides capabilities ,
such as inheritance and
polymorphism.
1. Developers have to create
lengthy, complicated ,and
deployment descriptors in the
application that use EJB
technology.
2. Developers have to
implement the various
abstract classes , interfaces,
and interface methods
whether they use them or
not.
3. Those capabilities are not
available in the EJB2.0



Example: to illustrate more
In the EJB 3.0 entity, java developers do not require to code
interfaces such as LocalAddressHome and LocalAddress - or even a
deployment descriptor. What they need to have just the entity class.
This is because in the application's EJB 3.0 version, what's required
for an entity has been reduced from three classes -- for local interfaces
and a business class -- to one entity class. In addition to that , they
dont need to implement the EJBObject and EJBLocalObject
interfaces. For instance, a session bean now need only a bean class
and a business interface, which is a simple Java technology interface.
Lets look to Another Example
In this example, java developers can map a hierarchy of
entities, where one entity subclasses another, to a relational
database structure, and submit queries against the base class.
The queries are treated polymorphically against the entire
hierarchy.
Summary of the Advantages of JPA
JPA Requires Just smaller number of classes and
interfaces
It gets rid of lengthy deployment descriptors through
annotations
JPA Addresses most typical specifications through
annotation defaults.
JPA supports easier, cleaner, and standardized object-
relational mapping.
It add support for polymorphism, and inheritance.
Also, dynamic queries and named queries is added to the
JPA
Supports a Java Persistence query language -- an
improved EJB QL
Makes it easier to test entities outside of the EJB container
Can be used outside of the container


what is my Tutorial ?

double Click on the picture to see the tutorial
References
Wikipedia ebsite ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Persistence_API)
Answer website http://www.answers.com/Java%20Persistence%20API
http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/tutorial/doc/bnbqa.html
Project Using Generics with Java Persistence by Sean Brydon,
Inderjeet Singh
(https://blueprints.dev.java.net/bpcatalog/ee5/persistence/generics.htm
l)
Java Persistence API 2.0A Great Start Gets Better (TS-4945) by Ed
ort.(http://java.sun.com/javaone/sf/2007/articles/persistence2_0.jsp)
Article : The Java Persistence API - A Simpler Programming Model for
Entity Persistence byBy Rahul Biswas and Ed Ort, May 2006
(http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2EE/jpa/)


Questions
If you want to know more about JPA ,
just read this book
By