Seismic Stratigraphy

                                                                                                                     

OBJECTIVES
Prediction of stratigraphy Ahead of the Drill Bit

Petroleum system

 Migration pathways

 Reservoir characterization

 Correlation of Sequences

Paleogeography and geologic history.

 Seismic Stratigraphic studies

Large scale - Basin Studies :

exploration plays

Small scale - Reservoir Studies:

stratigraphic trap
Flow chart for
seismic
stratigraphic
interpretation
Seismic facies

A seismic facies change is the change in the seismic

character of a given sequence as it is traced laterally.

Analysizing the character of individual reflections

• Waveform • Amplitude • Frequency

Analyzing reflections within sequences:

      Geometry.       Continuity
      Gross amplitude & frequency       Interval velocity
 Geological Interpretation of Seismic Parameters
Seismic Facies parameters Geologic Interpretation
• Stratification patterns
Reflection configuration • Depositional processes
• Erosion and Paleotopography

Reflection continuity • Bedding Continuity

• Depositional processes

• Velocity-Density contrast
Reflection amplitude • Bed spacing
• Fluid content
• Gross Deposition Environment
External Form and Areal • Sediment Source
association • Geologic settings
 MAPPING SEISMIC FACIES

1. Sequence boundary

2. External configuration

3. Internal architecture
Sequence Boundaries
External Configuration
Internal Architecture
Characterization of seismic facies

Full range of environmental settings

Depends on competency and experience

No single characteristic provides a guide

Stratal Termination Patterns

 ONLAP
 TOPLAP
 DOWNLAP
 APPARENT TRUNCATION
 CONFORMABLE