JDBC Review

Celsina Bignoli
bignolic@smccd.net
What is JDBC
Industry standard for database-
connectivity between the Java language
and a wide range of databases

Generic
Leverage existing database APIs
Simple

Driver Implementation Alternatives
JDBC Driver Manager
JDBC-Net
Driver
(Type3)
JDBC-ODBC
Bridge Driver
(Type1)
Native-API
partly Java
Driver
(Type2)
Native-protocol
pure Java
Driver
(Type4)
JDBC
API
JDBC Driver
API
Java Application
JDBC
Middleware
Protocol
Proprietary database access protocols
DataSource Connections
A factory for connections to the physical
data repository that this DataSource object
represents.
Creates and manages a pool of
connections
An object that implements the DataSource
interface will typically be registered with a
naming service based on the Java
TM

Naming and Directory (JNDI) API.
What to do?
Acquire a Connection through the
DataSource
Run the SQL Statement and get back the
results in a ResultSet object
Process the ResultSet object
Release the Connection

getConnection() Example

Context ctx = new InitialContext();
javax.sql.DataSource ds =
(javax.sql.DataSource)ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/bmp-
account");
Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
Queries Statement Object
used to send a SQL statement to the
database
executes the SQL statement
returns back the results of the SQL
statement

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
Executing a Statement - Example
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(select name from
pet);
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getString((1)));
}
ResultSet:


Fluffy
Claws
Buffy
Fang
Chirpy
Whistler
Slim
Puffball
Initial cursor position
next()
next()
Basic Getter Methods
int getInt(int columnIndex)
int getInt(String columnName)

String getString(int columnIndex)
String getString(String columnName)

Date getDate(int columnIndex)
Date getDate(String columnName)


int executeUpdate (String sql)
Creates a Statement object for sending
SQL statements to the database.
Returns either the row count for INSERT,
UPDATE or DELETE statements, or 0 for SQL
statements that return nothing

executeUpdate() method
Insert
int i= stmt.executeUpdate(INSERT INTO pet
VALUES(12, minou, Gwen, cat));

Update
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
int i= stmt.executeUpdate(UPDATE pet SET
owner=Lucy where owner= Gwen );

Delete
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
int i= stmt.executeUpdate(DELETE FROM pet WHERE
owner= Gwen );
Prepared Statements - SQL
ability to set up a statement once, and
then execute it many times with different
parameters.
replace building ad hoc query strings, and
do so in a more efficient manner.
First implemented in the C API
Available in Connector/J server-side
starting from version 3.1
How databases execute queries
parse the query
invoke the optimizer to determine best
query execution plan
caches the plan query is the key to fetch
plan from cache
Prepared Statement - Example
PREPARE sel_stmt FROM SELECT name
FROM pet WHERE id=?;
SET @pet_id=1;
EXECUTE sel_stmt USING @pet_id

name
Fluffy
JDBC PreparedStatement
PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(
select name from pet where id =? );
for int(i=1; i<=10; i++){
ps.setInt(1, i); -- variable binding
ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()){
System.out.println(rs.getString(1));
}
rs.close();
}
? is called placeholder
query is parsed only once and only 1 execution plan is
created and caches for it
executed many times after binding variables
MUCH MORE EFFICIENT!
Placeholders- Setter methods
void setInt(int parameterIndex, int
value)
void setString(int parameterIndex,
String value)
void setDate(int parameterIndex,
java.sql.Date value)
void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex,
java.sql.Timestamp value)
void setLong(int parameterIndex, long
value)