Addition of the CLM3 Land-

Surface Model to WRF

Jimy Dudhia (MMM/NCAR
Ru!y Leun" (#NNL
$om %ender&on (MMM/NCAR
Mariana 'erten&tein (C(D/NCAR
(ordon )onan (C(D/NCAR

Current LSM& in WRF

Noah LSM (NC*#/NCAR/AFWA

R+C LSM (FSL

,-layer &oil model (NCAR

Why another LSM-

)eneficial in re"ional climate model a..lication&

dri/en !y CCSM !oundarie& (do0n&calin" climate
&cenario&

Want to u&e the &ame .hy&ic& a& CCSM

CLM3 LSM

CAM3 radiation

*1.erti&e 0ith CLM3 i& here at NCAR

)onan2 'erten&tein and other&

Community Land Model 334

Land com.onent of the Community Climate

Sy&tem Model (CCSM

Acti/ely under de/elo.ment

$echnical De&cri.tion of the Community Land

Model

5le&on2 Dai et al3 (May 6447

NCAR/$N-789:S$R (online #DF file

Community Land Model
What is the contribution of land surface processes to seasonal-to-
interannual variability in climate and atmospheric CO
2
?
Snow
Soil water
Leaf phenoloy !the seasonal emerence and senescence of leaves"
#hotosynthesis and stomatal conductance
What is the contribution of land surface processes to climate
sensitivity !paleoclimates$ future climate"?
%ydroloic cycle
Carbon and nitroen cycles
Mineral aerosols
&eetation dynamics
Land use and land cover chane
'esearch tool is the Community Land Model
Land model for Community Climate System Model
#artnership amon (C)'$ universities$ and overnment labs throuh
the CCSM land model wor*in roup
(ote+ ,he CLM is not desined
specifically for couplin to W'-$ but
there is no fundamental difference
between land models for climate models
and (W# models. /oth are 0-1 models of
the soil-plant-atmosphere system. ,hey
differ primarily in the comple2ity with
which they represent meteoroloical$
hydroloical$ and ecoloical processes and
how they utili3e satellite data

,he model simulates a variety of ecoloical$ bioeochemical$
and hydroloical processes as climate feedbac*s that are
traditionally considered when assessin the impact of climate
chane. ,he model blurs the distinction between climate
feedbac*s and climate impacts.
4coloy and bioeochemistry
Carbon and nitroen cycles
&eetation dynamics
Leaf phenoloy
-ire
Mineral aerosols
/ioenic volatile oranic compounds
Land use and land cover chane
)roecosystems
5rbani3ation
Soil deradation
%istorical and future land cover datasets driven by population chane
%ydroloy
6lobal Land-)tmosphere Couplin 42periment !6L)C4"
Watershed processes
'iver flow and bioeochemistry
Water isotopes
%ih resolution CLM
Subrid ororaphy
1ownscalin
W'-
Community support
Onoin )ctivities

CLM )nd W'-+ 7ssues
7nclusion of CLM in W'- provides an important scientific opportunity for
(C)' and the atmospheric !lobal$ reional" modelin communities+
Same land model for use with both a lobal climate model !CCSM" and a
reional model !W'-"
(ew terrestrial science for W'- !e..$ carbon cycle$ land use$ /&OCs"
/ut 8
Science
)re there common e2periments that should be done with CCSM and W'-?
Can CLM meet the needs of data assimilation?
Software enineerin
Surface datasets for W'- rids
7nitial datasets
%ow to maintain compatibility of CCSM and W'- CLMs

Main Feature& of CLM3

Surface %etero"eneity

3 le/el& of "rid-cell &u!-di/i&ion

Landunit& (, ty.e& currently

'e"etated2 (lacier2 La;e2 Wetland2 +r!an

Column& (9 currently

multi-layer &oil and &no0 column in 'e"etated Landunit

#lant Functional $y.e& (7 #F$& currently/column

< of /e"etation ty.e& in 'e"etated Landunit

Nested Hierarchy of Data Structures in CLM3

9, #lant Functional $y.e&

Needleleaf */er"reen $ree - $em.erate

Needleleaf */er"reen $ree - )oreal

Needleleaf Deciduou& $ree - )oreal

)roadleaf */er"reen $ree - $ro.ical

)roadleaf */er"reen $ree - $em.erate

)roadleaf Deciduou& $ree - $ro.ical

)roadleaf Deciduou& $ree - $em.erate

)roadleaf Deciduou& $ree - )oreal

)roadleaf */er"reen Shru! - $em.erate

)roadleaf Deciduou& Shru! - $em.erate

)roadleaf Deciduou& Shru! - )oreal

C3 Arctic (ra&&

C3 (ra&&

C7 (ra&&

Cro.9/Cro.6

Soil Layer&

94 &oil layer&

mid-.oint& near 43=2 63>2 8362 993?2 69362 38382

86342 9472 9=32 6>8 cm

+. to , &no0 layer& on to.

)io"eo.hy&ical #roce&&e&

'e"etation com.o&ition2 &tructure2 .henolo"y

A!&or.tion2 reflectance2 and tran&mittance of &olar

radiation

A!&or.tion and emi&&ion of lon"0a/e radiation

Momentum2 &en&i!le heat ("round and cano.y2

and latent heat ("round e/a.oration2 cano.y
e/a.oration2 tran&.iration flu1e&

%eat tran&fer in the &oil and &no0 includin" .ha&e

chan"e&

)io"eo.hy&ical #roce&&e& (cont@d

Cano.y hydrolo"y (interce.tion2 throu"hfall and dri.

Sno0 hydrolo"y (&no0 accumulation and melt2

com.action2 0ater tran&fer !et0een &no0 layer&

Soil hydrolo"y (&urface runoff2 infiltration2 &u!-&urface

draina"e2 redi&tri!ution of 0ater 0ithin the column&

Stomatal .hy&iolo"y and .hoto&ynthe&i&

La;e tem.erature& (multi-layer and flu1e&

Routin" and runoff from ri/er& to ocean (not in WRF yet

)io"enic /olatile or"anic com.ound& ()'5C& (could !e

cou.led to WRF-Chem

Melt
Transpiration
Canopy Water
Snow
%ydroloy
Drainage
Evaporation
nterception
Su!li"ation
Throughfall
Ste"flow
nfiltration Surface #unoff
Evaporation
$recipitation
Soil Water
#edistri!ution
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/ioeophysics
Community Land Model
CLM simulates enery and moisture e2chanes between land and atmosphere
4nery e2chanes include radiative transfer$ turbulent flu2es$ and heat storae in soil
,hese are controlled in part by the hydroloic cycle
CLM has a detailed representation of the hydroloic cycle includin+ interception of
water by leaves9 infiltration and runoff9 multi-layer snow accumulation and melt9 0:-
layer soil water9 and partitionin of latent heat into evaporation of intercepted water$
soil evaporation$ and transpiration
/onan !2::2" 4coloical Climatoloy !Cambride 5niversity #ress"

Cou.lin" CLM to WRF

CLM module& are ;e.t in tact

Soft0are maintenance ea&ier 0ith &in"le code

Code 0ill !e &hared !et0een WRF2 CCSM2 and offline

CLM im.lementation&

CLM 0ill o.erate on di&tri!uted-memory

.roce&&or& "eo"ra.hically collocated 0ith WRF
DM .atche&

+nli;e cou.lin" to CCSM 0here CLM i&

inde.endently di&tri!uted from CAM for load-
!alancin"

AnitialiBin" CLM

+&e CLM "lo!al data&et& for landunit&2

#F$&2 &oil te1ture&2 etc3 (&tatic data

Later u&e WRF hi-re& "lo!al /e"etation/&oil

data

Anter.olate &oil tem.erature2 &oil moi&ture2

&no0 from WRF in.ut to CLM le/el&
(dynamic data

Run-time Cou.lin"

WRF to CLM

Lo0e&t le/el atmo&.heric 0ind2 tem.erature2

0ater /a.or

Do0n0ard radiation

#reci.itation

Run-time Cou.lin"

CLM to WRF

Wind &tre&&

Sen&i!le heat flu1

Latent heat flu1 and 0ater /a.or flu1

Al!edo

Surface (&;in tem.erature (u.0ard lon"0a/e

6m $ and C

WRF-CLM Coupling
WRF
CLM
WRF SI
CLM
preprocessor
WRF
CLM
Lat*long+
land "as,
nitiali-ation #un
Land&surface "ap
nitial at"ospheric
state
Declination angle
S,in te"p+ al!edo
Lowest level
height+ wind
co"ponents+
theta+ water vapor+
pressure+
te"perature.
Downward
longwave+
shortwave flu(.
$recipitation
/rain*snow0
S,in te"p+
al!edo
Wind stress+
sensi!le and
latent heat flu(+
water vapor
flu(.
1" T and 2.
nitial land state
/ar!itrary0
current

WRF-CLM Coupling
WRF
CLM
WRF SI
WRF
CLM
nitiali-ation #un
Landuse*soil+ etc.
"apped to grid
nitial at"ospheric
state
Declination angle
Initial land state: Snow,
Soil temp, soil moisture,
canopy water
S,in te"p+ al!edo
Lowest level
height+ wind
co"ponents+
theta+ water vapor+
pressure+
te"perature.
Downward
longwave+
shortwave flu(.
$recipitation
/rain*snow0
S,in te"p+
al!edo+
emissivity
Wind stress+
sensi!le and
latent heat flu(+
water vapor
flu(.
1" T and 2.
Soil temp, soil
moisture,
canopy water,
snow, snow
depth, runoffs,
ground flux (for
WRF output)
planned
Soil T+2
interpolated
vertically in
#E%L

Conclu&ion

So far 0e ha/e done te&t& 0ith fi1ed initial land-

&tate

Wor; i& on"oin" to .ro/ide real initial &tate to

CLM

Wor; i& .lanned to .ro/ide WRF hi-re& +S(S

landu&e and FA5 &oil to initialiBe CLM landunit&
and #F$&

CLM3 cou.led to WRF 0ill !e relea&ed to the

WRF community 0hen thi& 0or; i& com.leted