WCDMA Load Control Workshop

Apr.
2006
Node B Products of Huawei
May 2008
WCDMA Load Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential

Page 2
Overview

PUC

CAC

IAC

LDR

OLC


Page 3
Load Control exists in all phases
Load Control is used to keep system stable, maximize system capacity while
ensuring the coverage and QoS.

Different load control algorithms according to different phases provided:
- Before UE access: Potential User Control (PUC)
- During UE access: Call Admission Check (CAC) and Intelligent Access Control (IAC)
- After UE access: Load Reshuffling (LDR), and Overload Control (OLC)
3. After UE access 2. During UE access 1. Before UE access
Time
LDR CAC
PUC
OLC
IAC
PUC: Potential User Control CAC: Call Admission Control
IAC: Intelligent Admission Control LDR: Load Reshuffling
OLC: Overload Control

Page 4
Load control features
PUC
The function of PUC is to balance traffic load among inter-frequency cells. By modifying
cell selection and reselection parameters and broadcasting them through system
information, PUC leads UEs to cells with light load. The UEs may be in idle mode,
CELL_FACH state, CELL_PCH state, or URA_PCH state.

CAC
The function of CAC is to decide on resource requests from UEs, such as access,
reconfiguration, and handover requests, according to the resource status of the cell.

IAC
The function of IAC is to increase the access success rate with the current QoS assured
through rate negotiation, queuing, preemption, and Direct Retry Decision (DRD).

Page 5
Load control features
LDR
The function of LDR is to reduce the load of a cell when the available resources of the cell
reach the specified alarm threshold. The purpose of LDR is to increase the access
success rate in the following ways:
Inter-frequency load handover
Code reshuffling
BE service rate reduction
AMR voice service rate reduction
Uncontrolled realtime traffic QoS renegotiation
CS inter-RAT load handover
PS inter-RAT load handover

OLC
The function of OLC is to reduce the cell load rapidly by restricting the Transport Format
(TF) of the BE service or releasing UEs when the cell is overloaded. The purpose of OLC
is to ensure the stability of the system and the QoS of most UEs.

Page 6
Load Control for different cell load level

Page 7
Thresholds and actions of the load control
algorithms

Page 8
RAB integrate priority
If the value of the parameter is set to Traffic Class, the integrate
priority abides by the following rules:
Classes of services: conversational -> streaming -> interactive ->
background
Services of the same class: priority based on Allocation/Retention Priority
(ARP) values
Only for the interactive service of the same ARP value: priority based on
THP
Services of the same class and priority: HSDPA or DCH service preferred
on the basis of the value of the Indicator of Carrier Type Priority
parameter


Page 9
RAB integrate priority
If the value of the parameter is set to ARP, the integrate priority
abides by the following rules:
ARP1 -> ARP2 -> ARP3 -> ARP14
Same ARP value: conversational -> streaming -> interactive ->
background
Only for the interactive service of the same ARP: priority based on THP
Services of the same ARP, class and THP (only for interactive service ):
HSDPA or DCH service preferred on the basis of the value of the
Indicator of Carrier Type Priority parameter


Page 10
Priority Definition - Example
RAB ID ARP Traffic Class THP Bear Type
A 1 Interactive 3 DCH
B 1 Interactive 3 HSDPA
C 2 Conversational DCH
D 2 Background DCH
E 2 Background HSDPA
F 2 Streaming DCH
Services with different ARP/TC/THP/Bear
ARP is the top-priority, and HSDPA over DCH
TC is the top-priority, and HSDPA over DCH
RANK ARP Traffic Class THP Bear Type
B 1 Interactive 3 HSDPA
A 1 Interactive 3 DCH
C 2 Conversational DCH
F 2 Streaming DCH
E 2 Background HSDPA
D 2 Background DCH
RANK Traffic Class ARP THP Bear Type
C Conversational 2 DCH
F Streaming 2 DCH
B Interactive 1 3 HSDPA
A Interactive 1 3 DCH
E Background 2 HSDPA
D Background 2 DCH

Page 11
Priority Definition in Huawei Implementation
User Priority
ARP 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
User
Priority
ERROR 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
User Integrate Priority:
- For multiple-RAB users, determined by the service with the highest
RAB Integrate Priority.
User Priority:
Gold (1)
Silver (2)
Bronze (3)
Typical Mapping of ARP and User Priority

Page 12
GBR Configuration in Huawei Implementation
For R99 I/B services
Uplink BE Guarantee Bitrate and Downlink BE Guarantee Bitrate are configurable
respectively per cell.
Uplink BE Guarantee Bitrate is used in BE downsizing due to uplink cell basic congestion.
Downlink BE Guarantee Bitrate is used in BE downsizing due to downlink coverage and
downlink cell basic congestion.

For R99 and HSDPA RT services
GBR is in accordance with the requested guaranteed bit rate in RAB parameters.

For HSDPA I/B services
Different GBRs are configured for Gold/Silver/Copper user.
Gold Silver Copper
Uplink 64kbps 64kbps 64kbps
Downlink 64kbps 64kbps 64kbps

Page 13
Overview

PUC

CAC

IAC

LDR

OLC


Page 14
Potentioal User Control
The PUC algorithm controls the cell selection of a potential UE and prevents an idle UE from
camping on a heavy load cell.


Page 15
Cell load comes with three levels: heavy, normal, and light.
When cell load is higher than the load level division upper threshold plus the load level division
hysteresis, it is decided to be heavy.
When cell load is lower than the load level lower threshold plus the load level division hysteresis, it is
decided to be light.

Page 16
Based on the cell load, PUC works as follows:
If the cell load becomes heavy, PUC modifies cell selection and reselection
parameters and broadcasts them through system information. In this way, PUC
leads UEs to neighboring cells with light load.

If the cell load becomes normal, PUC uses the cell selection and reselection
parameters configured on the LMT.

If the cell load becomes light, PUC modifies cell selection and reselection
parameters and broadcasts them through system information. In this way, PUC
leads UEs to this cell.


Page 17
Overview

PUC

CAC

IAC

LDR

OLC


Page 18
Resource Admission Check Overview
Affected users Users in connected mode
Procedure Make decision whether to admit
new users or service upgrade
according to the available system
resources.
Resources to
check
1. DL Channelization Code
2. Radio Resource: Power /
Interference
3. Credit: Resource
4. Iub transmission bandwidth
For
HSDPA/HSUPA
Maximum user number per Cell /
NodeB
Admission request
Code resource
based admission?
Credit resource
based admission?
Iub resource
based admission?
Resource admission passed
Power resource
based admission?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Resource admission denied
No
No
No
No

Page 19
Admission Check of Radio Resource
UL and DL independently

On the basis of TCP / RTWP

On the basis of equivalent user number
Request initiation
Uplink call
admission desicion
Admitted?
Downlink call
admission desicion
Admitted?
Request admitted
Request rejected
End
No
No
Yes
Yes

Page 20
Admission Algorithm Selection
Algorithm 1: based on TCP/RTWP measurement and load increment estimation
Downlink:
Load level definition: TCP (Transmitted Carrier Power)
Uplink:
Load level definition: load factor
Load increment of the new request is taken into consideration.

Algorithm 2: based on static Equivalent Number of Users calculation
Standard user: 12.2kbps AMR with active factor 100%.

Algorithm 3: based on current TCP/RTWP measurement
Based on TCP/RTWP measurement;
Load increment of the new request is not taken into consideration
RTWP
P
N
UL
=1 q

Page 21
Uplink Admission Algorithm 1 & 3
) / ( No Ec Fun = Aq
Uplink admission control request
Get measured RTWP and calculate
the current uplink load factor.
Calculate the increment of the
uplink load due to the request.
Get the predicted uplink load
factor.
RTWP
P
N
UL
=
1
q
L U UL predicted UL
q q q A + =
,
Compare the predicted value with
admission threshold
! Increment is always
equal to ZERO when
algorithm 3 is applied

Page 22
Downlink Admission Algorithm 1&3
) / _ , / ( No Ec CPICH No Ec Fun P = A
Downlink admission control request
Get measured current TCP
Calculate the increment of the
downlink power due to the request.
Get the predicted downlink total
power
Compare the predicted power with
admission threshold
TCP
P TCP P
A + =
predicted
! Increment is always
equal to ZERO when
algorithm 3 is applied
( )
(

= + A
+ +
+
) ( ) 1 (
) / _ ( / 1
/
) 1 (
1 0 1 0
1 0
N P
N E CPICH
P
N E
N E
N P
N c
CPICH
N c
N c
o
o

Page 23
Priority Handling of Admission Check
Parameters Default value
UL Handover access threshold 80
UL threshold of Conv AMR service 75
UL threshold of Conv non_AMR service 75
UL threshold of other services 60
Threshold for uplink radio resource admission check
Parameters Default value
DL Handover access threshold 85
DL threshold of Conv AMR service 80
DL threshold of Conv non_AMR service 80
DL threshold of other services 75
Threshold for downlink radio resource admission check

Page 24
Code Management
Code management is used to manage the code resource between all the
physical channels, including common channel (CCH) e.g. PCPICH and
PCCPCH, dedicated channel (DPCH), and shared channel (HSDPA).
DPCH
CCH
SF=16
SF=8
SF=
4
HSDPA
Code for DPCH:
- Dynamically allocated
Code for common channel:
- Reserved
Code for HSDPA:
- Shared with R99 (Refer to HSDPA part)

Page 25
Code Allocation Mechanism
Reserve the codes
with smallest SF to
improve utilization
rate of whole code
tree.
On the basis of maximum free sub-tree
Less code
fragments
are left
SF=256
SF=128 C(256,0):PCPICH
0
SF=64 C(256,1):PCCPCH
0
C(256,2): AICH
1
SF=32 C(256,3): PICH
0
SF=16 C(64,1):SCCPCH
0
C(128,2):DPCH
2

1 3
SF=8 3
0
SF=4 1
0
1
1
2
Occupied code
3 Non-occupied code

Page 26
Admission Check of Iub Bandwidth
DPCH Service
Bandwidth consumption:
MBR * Active factor

HSDPA Service
Bandwidth consumption:
GBR * Active factor
Traffic Class
Active
Factor
Scope
Common Channels 1
NodeB
SRB 0.9
Telephony (AMR&VOIP) 0.7
R99 Conversational (VP) 1
R99 Streaming 1
R99 Interactive 0.9
R99 Background 0.9
HSDPA Streaming 1
HSDPA Interactive 0.9
HSDPA Background 0.9
Configurable
per service
type

Page 27
Admission Check of NodeB Credit
Admission Check:
Credits of local cell
Credits of local cell group
Credits of NodeB

Credit Consumption Law:
Reported from NodeB
In terms of SF
HSDPA is not involved

WCDMA Load Control Workshop

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

WCDMA Load Control Workshop

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Apr.

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi