COMP 381

18 February
Evolution of cellphones
gowirelessgogreen
Rate of upgrade
Hazardous materials
Recycling Rates
Age Group Average
Number of
Monthly Calls
Average
Number of
Monthly Texts
All Subscribers 204 357
12 & Under 137 428
13-17 231 1,742
(now- 2,272)
18-24 265 790
25-34 239 331
35-44 223 236
45-54 193 128
55-64 145 38
65+ 99 14
Mobile access to social networking




Gaming goes mobile
consoles $21.4B in 08 to $18.7B in 10
Zynga value $9.3B (more than EA)
Always able to be reached
Higher expectations of availability?
Multi-tasking = not always actively listening
Distractions
Not just texting
18% of fatalities due to cell phone use
Four times as likely to get in crash using cell
Why is it different than talking to a passenger?
distraction.gov

Physiological:
Chronic relapsing condition characterized by
compulsive abuse and by long-lasting chemical
changes in the brain.
Behavioral:
Any act that when abused becomes
detrimental to other areas of life

Same irrespective of the drug


No research
indicating a
chemical change
in the brain from an
addiction to technology
Recently: physiological changes

Absorption
Mood Modification
(Greenfield study: 29%)
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Relapse
-Dr. Patrick Carnes
59% in bed
53% in the bathroom
37% while driving
12% in church

47% more likely to check email in middle
of night than get a late night snack
2007 survey
When Technology Addiction Takes Over Your Life
Wireless credit card scanning
o Pay for anything, anywhere, anytime
o squareup
Find and pay for public parking in major
cities
o Miami, New York City
o bestparking
Purchase tickets
Digital coupons
Haiti using cell phones as debit cards
Starbucks
Electronic boarding passes

But is the rest of the world still ahead of
us? Why?

NFC (Near Field Communication)
Wave, not line of sight
Text payment
Digital wallet


Use by business to track employees
o Truck Drivers, Delivery, Taxis
o Can track location
o Invasion of privacy?
o Safety?
o Business control?
Mobile Devices as Marketing Tools
o No longer need a street address
o Food Trucks
But what about coupons based on location?

Based on
your calendar and
the location of your cell phone
Software recognizes that you are late for a
meeting
and texts a message to all of the people
who are scheduled to attend
Do you like it?
Networking
Cell phones
Wi-fi
Bluetooth
Physical device
GPS
Cards

User-provided
Calendar
Messages
Combining

How does increased commercial use impact?
What do you want to make available?
Who do you want to make it available to?
How do you turn it on and off?
How to indicate who to share with?
Sharing with applications?
Geo-tagging
o Cell phones
o Cameras
o Twitter
o icanstalku
Activism vs slacktivism
Does technology increase activism?
Does it help?
Is it a mirage?
In the US:
SMS remains the key technology
But needs to take the user to live sites
Who is the target? How important?
Over 80% of smartphone/tablet users are registered
voters
Will YOU give them your phone #?

What is the difference when you
dont know that it is there?
Creating and using structures on the
atomic scale
Uses:
Medical
Environmental
Material
Trends:
Greater flexibility and precision at lower
costs

Feynman: predicted nanotechnology in
1959
Drexler: in 1986 posed the threat of
runaway self-replicating nanobots
Later disclaimed
Eigler: manipulated individual atoms in
1989
Top-down:
o Start with something big
o Chisel away at it
o Make it smaller and
smaller
Bottom-up:
o Start with smaller entities
o Assemble them into
larger objects
Factory of mini-atomic
machines: nanobots
Could produce anything
o Assemblers
o Self-replicating
Good:
o Availability
o Adaptability
Bad (Grey Goo):
o Loosed into the environment
o Mistakes
Used electron microscope
Moved Xenon atoms
More reactive
Smaller particle size, greater proportion
surface atoms
o 30 nm - 5%
o 10 nm - 20%
o 3 nm - 50%
Impact of Brownian motion
Viscosity increase
Inertia decrease
Structural components with at least one dimension less than
100nm
Layers - one dimension in the nanoscale
Nanowires and nanotubes in two dimensions
Nanoparticles in all three

Optical devices (40 years!)
Computer chips
Cutting tools (nanocrystalline)
tungsten carbide, titanium carbide,
more erosion-resistant
last longer
Self-cleaning glass (2001)
Coating of titanium dioxide
Uses water to clean
With sun, clears grime
First observed 1991
o Nanometres in diameter and several mm or cm long
o Mechanically very strong (diamond)
o Usage:
o Nanoelectronics
o spaceships (weight and structural integrity)
Formed by self-assembly
Usages:
oSemiconductor nanowires
oHigh-density data storage
Cosmetics, coatings, additives
oSunscreens
oPigment in cosmetics
oSolar cells
oBiological tracers
Medical
oAntimicrobial agent to treat wounds,
infections
oBurn dressing

Nanomachines and Nanorobotics
Molecular Manufacturing
Nanomedicine
Environmental/ Energy
Nanoelectronics
Molecular scale gears, motors,
structures, etc
Sophisticated biological machines
exist (protein folding)
Circuits since 2006
Largest:
74 different DNA molecules
Square root of any number up to 15 and
round
10 hours
Intelligent nanobots
diagnostic devices,
contrast agents
drug delivery vehicles
Intelligent nanosurgeons
o Reconstruct molecular structure of cancer cells
o Operate without leaving scars/ complex operations
o Cosmetic surgery/ change any physical feature
o Alter DNA
Use intelligent nanobots to:
oRebuild ozone layer
oClean up oil spills/ other disasters
oClean water
Bottom-up method of manufacturing
would result in less pollution
Create non-renewable resources (oil,
coal)
Privacy and Control
Nanodivide?
Human enhancement; longevity
Military/Weaponry issues
MIT ISN
In 2010, 23% of US
government nano
investment spent by DoD
Potential for new biological
and chemical weapons.
An arms race?
Military development in the
civil sector
Is there a problem when
nano is used for military
ends?