CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM
The bodys transport system
FUNCTIONS

delivers food and oxygen to the
cells
pick up the cells waste materials
and carbon dioxide
regulate the flow of nutritive fluids
and materials, waste substances,
and water in our bodies
The circulatory system is
consisted of blood, blood vessels,
and heart
BLOOD

not red in reality it is a clear, pale
yellow liquid, almost like water
circulates throughout the entire
body feeding, supplying and
defending the cells or tissue that
make up the body
BLOOD
The
blood is
consisted of
the liquid
part,
plasma, and
the solid
components,
blood cells.
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS

1. Blood Plasma
90% fluid and 10% organic materials
and digested food substances
comprises 50 to 60% of blood
clear, yellowish part is called serum
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Plasma
BLOOD PLASMA
FUNCTIONS:

1. Transport blood
cells,
particularly red
blood cells
2. Carries food to
the cells and
picks up waste
materials
3. Contains
antibodies/subs
tances that
protect body
from infection
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS

2. Blood Cells
composed of red blood cells or
erythrocytes, white blood cells or
leucocytes, and platelets or
thrombocytes
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells

A. Red blood cells or erythrocytes
between 4.5 to 5.5 million of RBC are
there per cubic millimeter of blood
very small, round, elastic disc-shaped
cells which are thinned out in the center
as it matures, its nucleus disappears
Hemoglobin contains iron and oxygen
and gives RBC its red color
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells
RED BLOOD
CELLS
FUNCTIONS:
1. Special carriers
of blood
2. Deliver oxygen
to body tissues
and cells
3. Picks up
unnecessary
wastes and
carbon dioxide
from cells
4. Contain protein
that determine
blood type
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells
B. White blood cells or leucocytes
5,000 to 9,000 per cubic millimeter of
blood
wandering cells in the blood
true cells have nucleus

Two general groups:
1. phagocytes engulf foreign substances
2. lymphocytes produce antibodies
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells

WHITE BLOOD
CELLS
FUNCTION:

Protect
the body against
foreign invading
substances,
particularly
bacteria
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells

C. Platelets or thrombocytes
number ranges from 20,000 to
500,000 per cubic millimeter of
blood
smallest blood cells
BLOOD COMPOSITIONS
Blood Cells
FUNCTIONS OF
PLATELETS:
1. Contain and
release a
substance
called
thromboplastin,
a type of
protein needed
for blood
clotting
2. Also help to
plug leaks in
broken capillary
walls
Blood Vessels
tubes of muscular tissues on which blood flows
arteries, capillaries and veins
BLOOD VESSELS

1. Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood
away from the heart
Extend throughout the body
Divide and split into smaller and
more numerous arterioles
BLOOD VESSELS -
Arteries

stronger than
veins
have thicker
walls because
the blood that
is pumped
through them
have much
force and
pressure
BLOOD VESSELS
B. Capillaries
thin, delicate tubes that are only one-
cell thick
came from arterioles which narrowed
down further
derived from the Latin word capillus
meaning hair
only a single file of blood can pass
through these vessels
BLOOD VESSELS -
Capillaries
CAPILLARIES
FUNCTIONS:
1. Dissolved
foods, waste
products, and
gases pass
through them
2. Serves as a
passageway
for white
blood cells
and plasma to
leave the
bloodstream
and enter to the
tissue spaces
BLOOD VESSELS
C. Veins
large and thicker-walled blood
vessels
walls are more delicate but wider
movement of blood are slower in veins
because it is under very little pressure

Valves allow blood to travel only in
one direction
BLOOD VESSELS
Veins

VEINS
FUNCTION:

Carry
deoxygenated
blood to the
heart
Valves
FUNCTION:

prevents
reverse
backflow of
the blood
Heart
A muscular pump located between lungs and above the
diaphragm

HEART

Work:
Can pump about 10,000 liters of
blood daily
Works and contracts about 70 times a
minute
In an average persons life, the heart
beats more than 2.5 billion times
HEART
Parts and Functions:

Four chambers inside the heart:
o Upper thin-walled chambers
collecting chambers of the heart
right atrium collects blue venous
deoxygenated blood from the body
left atrium receives red oxygenated blood
from the body

HEART

o Lower thick-walled chambers
ventricles; pumping chambers of the
heart
right ventricle pumps venous blood
out of the heart to the lugs for
oxygenation
left ventricle pumps oxygenated
blood out of the heart to all of the body
parts
HEART
Valves in the heart:
Tricuspid valve between the right
atrium and left ventricle
Bicuspid or mitral valve between the
right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Pulmonary semilunar valve between
left ventricle and the aorta
Aortic semilunar valve between the
left ventricle and aorta
HEART

Septum
muscular wall that divides the heart
into its right and left sides
prevents the crossing of blood from
one side to another
right side deoxygenated blood
left side oxygenated blood
HEART
Two large veins in the heart:

Superior Vena Cava (SVC) located at
the upper part of the heart and brings
blood from the head and arms

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) located at
the lower part of the heart and brings
blood from the lower part of the
body
HEART

Pulmonary Artery (PA)
- carries deoxygenated blood from the
right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

Pulmonary Vein
- brings back oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the left atrium of the heart
Two Main Body Circulations
Two Main Body Circulations

A. Pulmonary Circulation
involves lungs as the oxygen
supplier of blood coming from the
body and heart
passage of blood from the right
side of the heart through arteries
to the lungs
Two Main Body Circulations
Process in Pulmonary Circulation:

1. consists of pulmonary arteries that
circulate oxygen-poor blood to the lungs,
where oxygen is absorbed and carbon
dioxide is released
2. The arterial blood passes through the
pulmonary veins into the left chamber of
the heart

oxygen-rich blood is shown in red; oxygen-depleted blood in blue
Two Main Body Circulations

B. Systemic Circulation
involves heart, blood vessels, and all
body parts
general circulation of the blood
through the body

Two Main Body Circulations
Process in Systemic Circulation:

1. Blood leaves the heart by the aortic
arch.
2. It travels through smaller and smaller
arteries into capillaries, from which
oxygen and nutrients pass to the cells
of body tissues.

Two Main Body Circulations

3. Other capillaries then pick up waste
products and carbon dioxide.
4. Blood flows into the larger and larger
veins, merging in the vena cava,
which carries blood back to the
heart.
END
Prepared by:
Avelino, Pearl Antoinette
Avery, Princess Zena
Balasoto, Rosellnica

II 9 BS Psychology