Corrosion(and oxidation) control

Prepared by: Vishal Chhaya(130030708015)

Guided by: L M Rola
introduction
The types of corrosion are many and the
condition takes place are extremely varied. For
this reason, many ways have been found out
to control and prevent the corrosion of metals
and alloys.

Methods to control corrosion
Broadly the methods to control corrosion base
upon:
(a) Proper design of structure
(b) control of corrosion mechanism
(c) insulation of the material from the
corrosive environment

Techniques of corrosion control
1) Design against corrosion.
2) Use of high purity metals.
3) Use of alloy additions.
4) Use of special heat treatments.
5) Cathodic protection.
6) Use of inhibitors
7) Environment control
8) Use of protective surface coatings.

1.Design against corrosion

Proper design permits least contact between the
structure and corroding agent.
Liquid preventive joints
Use of dissimilar metal contacts should be avoided .
Separation of dissimilar metals by rubber and plastic.
Crevices,recesses,pockets and sharp corners should be
avoided.
Cold working in service.
Select corrosion resistant materials.


2.Use of high purity metals.

High purity metals tends to
Reduce pitting corrosion.
Example: Aluminum
Drawback
Strength of the pure metal is low compared to
their alloys.
3.Use of alloy additions.
Use of alloy additions provide both strength
and corrosion resistance.
Example:
Phosphorous and copper improves the
resistance of structural steel to atmospheric
corrosion.
10% aluminum renders iron extremely
resistant to high temperature oxidation.


4.Use of heat treatments
Heat treatment that leads to homogenization
of solid solutions.
Cold working are widely used to improve the
resistance of alloys.
5.Cathodic protection
It is the only method capable of completely
preventing corrosion.
In this placing a metal that is higher in the
electro potential series(e.g., Zinc) in contact
with metal(e.g., steel) to be protected.
Structures most frequently protected by this
method are underground pipelines, ships and
boilers.
6.Use of inhibitors
Inhibitors are compounds added to an
electrolyte which protectively coat the anode
or cathode and stop corrosion .
Inhibitors are added to the antifreeze mixtures
used in automobile radiators.
Oxidizing agents when added to the corrosive
solution will produce oxide films on
aluminum, chromium and manganese.
Types of inhibitors
Anodic and cathodic inhibitors:

1. Anodic inhibitors
phosphate, chromates, etc used for the protection of iron and steel.
2 . Cathodic inhibitors
Calcium bicarbonates in hard water, magnesium nickel and zinc salts

Inorganic and organic inhibitors

1. Inorganic inhibitors:
Chromates and nitrates, phosphates, silicates and hydroxides .
2. Organic inhibitors:
Various amines,mercaptans,hetrocyclic nitrogen compounds and sulphides.




7.Environmental control
Environment control means to modify the
environment. This may involve removing the corrosive
constituent.
e.g. use of vacuum instead of corrosive atmosphere or
by using inhibitors.
Slight decrease in the temperature of the corroding
medium.
Reducing velocity of the corroding medium.
Change in the chemical composition of the corroding
medium.
Use of inert gas like helium, hydrogen.
8.Use of protective surface coatings
Protective surface coatings include
Salt (phosphate films) and oxide(anodising on
Al) films.
Metallic coatings(Zn,Cu,Cr,etc.)
Organic coatings(paints)
Ceramic(viterous enamel) coatings.